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Michael D. Matthews Ph.D.
Head Strong
RESILIENCE
Psychological Body Armor
Preparing to weather life's inevitable storms.
Posted April 22, 2023
태아의 세균 방지막에서
우리를 지킬 심리적
방탄복에 이르기까지
영어 이야기 2016
body-armor
[ bɑ́diɑ̀:rmər
방탄복 (防彈服)
자신을 보호하고 싶은 노력은 무의식적으로 시작된다
아마 창조주의 배려고 어머니의 태에서 태어날 때
신생아는 방탄 (防彈)이 아닌 방세균 (防細菌) 을 갖추고 있다
임신 3개월 때부터 태아는 태아 기름막을 피부에 가지고 외부의 세균으로부터 보호받게 되어있으며
Leaving vernix on a baby's skin for at least 6 hours but preferably 24 hours.
그 태아 기름막은 최고 6 시간에서 24 시간동안 신생아의 몸에 붙어있게 해야 한다Venix caseoas is the most light BODY-ARMOR그래서 태아 기름막 (vernix careosa)은 가장 가벼운 방탄 (방세균) 물체이다
옛날 무식한 (?) 조산원 (또는 해산을 돕는 여인)이막 태어난 아기의 몸을 깨끗하게 씻겨준 것은세균을 막을 막을 제거해서 신생아가 공기 속에 있는 각종 세균을 막아야 하는 기능을 상실하게 한 셈이다.
이렇게 신생아를 세균으로부터 막아주던 방세균아방탄막의 효시 (嚆矢)임에 틀림없다
전세계에 있어돈 크고 작은 싸움 (거창하게 말하면 전쟁)에서인명 피해를 줄이기 위해 생긴 것이 방탄복이다유럽의 군사 (특히 기사 / 騎士 / knight) 들이 방탄복을 착용해야 했다
Just as knights in Europe should be protected by BODY-ARMOR.
so soldiers and police have to wear it.
유럽의 기사들이 방탄복에 의해 보호를 반아야 했듯
요즈음의 군인들과 경찰이 그것 (방탄복)을 착용하고 있다
(방탄조끼 / bulletproof vest, or flak jacket 방탄복과는 다름)
신생아의 세균 방지용 기름막과
전쟁에 나가는 군인들의 방탄복은 바람직한 것인데
Most of people condemn the BODY-ARMOR Korean lawmakers have worn.
대부분의 국민들은 국회의원들이 입고 있는 방탄복을 지탄한다
그러한 방탄복보다 더 중요한 것이
바로 psychological BODY-ARMOR (심리적 방탄복)이다.
며칠 전에 읽은 글 가운데
Psychological Body Armor
심리적 방탄복
Preparing to weather life's inevitable storms.
피할 수 없는 날씨의 폭풍을 준비함의 일부를 공유하고 싶다
The concept of psychological BODY ARMOR suggests that we can prepare ourselves
to cope more effectively with the hard things in life.
심리적 방탄복의 개념은 우리의 삶에서 겪어야 하는 난관들을
훨신 효과적으로 대처아기 위해 우리 자신을 준비할 수 있다
(Psychology Today, April 22, 2023)
왜냐하면 우리가 탄탄한 방탄복을 준비할 때
The perfect arrow named evil spirit is so strong that it can even pierce psychological BODY ARMOR..
악한 영이라는 이름의 완전한 화살은
너무 강해서 그것이 (이미 준비하고 있는) 심리적 방탄복을 뚫을 수 있기 때문이다
I wondr you already can protect yourself with psychological BODY ARMOR.
나는 당신이 심리적 방타복으로 당신자신을 보호할 수 있는지 의문이다
Vernix caseosa is a white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of the fetus during the last trimester of pregnancy.
(胎脂)
첫 삼개
The WHO recommends leaving vernix on your baby's skin for at least 6 hours but preferably 24 hours. If you're considering leaving it on for longer, ask your baby's healthcare provider how long it remains beneficial to leave the vernix coating on your baby's skin and how long to wait with your little one's first bath.
Reviewed by Vanessa Lancaster
flak jacket
KEY POINTS
The concept of psychological body armor suggests that we can prepare ourselves to cope more effectively with the hard things in life.
Psychological Body Armor™ is a science-based guide to wellness and personal health promotion.
Superfoods that will help you feel better, perform better, and fuel your Psychological Body Armor
☆ What is psychological body armor?
Body Armor (PBA). Everly defines PBA as a “unique. form of human resilience” that consists of two. essential pathways: proactive resilience (one's. immunity to crisis reactions) and reactive resilience
The perfect arrow is so strong that it can even pierce body armor.
Flak jackets are now generally considered to be inferior to body armor.
The police should be protected by body armour.
Body armor was chain mail or heavy quilted cotton.
like modern fabric body armor
it takes him about 10 minutes to slip into the body armor.
He wore a costume composed of dark body armor and a helmet resembling a gas mask.
☆
People may cultivate and build their psychological body armor to prepare for adversity, trauma, and life’s challenges.
Effective psychological body armor sets the occasion for an adaptive response to adversity rather than a pathological response.
courtesy of the Open Access policy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
courtesy of the Open Access policy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
“Our new Constitution is now established, everything seems to promise it will be durable; but, in this world, nothing is certain except death and taxes,” wrote Benjamin Franklin to French scientist Jean Baptiste Le Roy in November of 1789.1
This still rings true, some 234 years later. I would add a third inevitable feature of life. In addition to death and taxes, everyone faces personal adversity and significant challenges at various points in their lives. The sad truth is one cannot escape death. But the other two life certainties may be mitigated, at least to an extent.
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Smart investments and handling of income and wealth can minimize the tax burden. The psychological and emotional toll of adversity, trauma, and challenge may also be mitigated. In a recent book, psychologist Patrick Sweeney and colleagues describe the concept of psychological body armor.2 Psychological body armor comprises those personal skills and attributes that allow us to deal effectively with daily struggles and significant life challenges. Just as soldiers wear helmets and protective gear to protect against physical injury, the concept of psychological body armor suggests that we can prepare ourselves to cope more effectively with the hard things in life.
While adversity may be inevitable, how we respond to it depends on many factors. Psychologists have identified four trajectories in response to adversity.
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Michael D. Matthews Ph.D.
Michael D. Matthews Ph.D.
Head Strong
RESILIENCE
Psychological Body Armor
Preparing to weather life's inevitable storms.
Posted April 22, 2023
Reviewed by Vanessa Lancaster
KEY POINTS
The concept of psychological body armor suggests that we can prepare ourselves to cope more effectively with the hard things in life.
People may cultivate and build their psychological body armor to prepare for adversity, trauma, and life’s challenges.
Effective psychological body armor sets the occasion for an adaptive response to adversity rather than a pathological response.
courtesy of the Open Access policy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
courtesy of the Open Access policy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
“Our new Constitution is now established, everything seems to promise it will be durable; but, in this world, nothing is certain except death and taxes,” wrote Benjamin Franklin to French scientist Jean Baptiste Le Roy in November of 1789.1
This still rings true, some 234 years later. I would add a third inevitable feature of life. In addition to death and taxes, everyone faces personal adversity and significant challenges at various points in their lives. The sad truth is one cannot escape death. But the other two life certainties may be mitigated, at least to an extent.
article continues after advertisement
Smart investments and handling of income and wealth can minimize the tax burden. The psychological and emotional toll of adversity, trauma, and challenge may also be mitigated. In a recent book, psychologist Patrick Sweeney and colleagues describe the concept of psychological body armor.2 Psychological body armor comprises those personal skills and attributes that allow us to deal effectively with daily struggles and significant life challenges. Just as soldiers wear helmets and protective gear to protect against physical injury, the concept of psychological body armor suggests that we can prepare ourselves to cope more effectively with the hard things in life.
While adversity may be inevitable, how we respond to it depends on many factors. Psychologists have identified four trajectories in response to adversity. These are disorder, invulnerability, resilience, and growth. Disorder is defined as a decrease in functioning following adversity. Invulnerability occurs when functioning does not change because of adversity. Resilience refers to a temporary decrease in functioning followed by a return to baseline. And growth occurs when, following a temporary decrease in functioning, the person recovers not just to baseline but experiences an improvement in overall adjustment and well-being.3
armor (n.)
c. 1300, "mail, defensive covering worn in combat," also, generally, "means of protection," from Old French armeure "weapons, armor" (12c.), from Latin armatura "arms, equipment," from arma "weapons" (including defensive armor), literally "tools, implements (of war)," see arm (n.2). Figurative use in English is from mid-14c.
The meaning "military equipment generally," especially siege engines, is from late 14c. The word might have died with jousting if not for 19c. transference to metal-sheathed combat machinery beginning with U.S. Civil War ironclads (the word first is attested in this sense in an 1855 report from the U.S. Congressional Committee on Naval Affairs). The meaning "protective envelope of an animal" is from c. 1600.
armor (v.)
"to cover with armor or armor-plate," mid-15c., from armor (n.). Related: Armored; armoring.
Which of these four trajectories follow trauma and adversity depends very much on what Sweeney and his colleagues call psychological body armor. Psychological body armor consists of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors that enable a person to react in an adaptive way to adversity. A good example is the psychological trait of hardiness. Hardiness is a psychological attribute associated with adaptive responses to stress, trauma, and adversity. Hardiness has three components, commonly referred to as the three C's—challenge, commitment, and control.
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Challenge refers to how a person frames adversity. Instead of viewing it as a threat to personal well-being, they see it as a chance to demonstrate personal competence and learn new skills while overcoming that threat. Commitment refers to the ability to stick to one’s goals and ambitions regardless of current circumstances, not giving up easily, and persisting with high effort despite setbacks. Finally, control refers to the person's sense of agency in dealing with life events.
People who believe that their actions determine the outcome of events fare better psychologically than those who believe they have no control over their lives. Over 40 years of research have demonstrated that high hardiness is associated with various positive life outcomes.4
Another piece of psychological body armor is grit. Grit refers to the passionate pursuit of long-term goals. Early grit research focused on its relationship to achieving success in difficult tasks. For example, West Point cadets high in grit are more likely to complete cadet basic training, make higher academic grades, perform better physically and in military training, and graduate from West Point four years after entering than their less gritty counterparts.5
THE BASICS
What Is Resilience?
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Emerging evidence suggests that grit may also play a key role in resilience and adaptability. Gritty people push through setbacks, do not give up easily, and therefore position themselves to achieve important and valued goals. Achieving important goals provides and reinforces self-esteem and confidence. This cycles back and fuels efforts to achieve new goals and objectives. This “virtuous cycle” builds meaning and purpose in a person’s life. Meaning and purpose are associated with positive life outcomes and adaptations.6
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Identifying your unique character strengths and learning how to apply them to achieve difficult goals or to remain resilient also contributes to which of the four trajectories that may ensue following adversity, trauma, or challenge. Peterson and Seligman identified 24 distinct character strengths, which they classify into one of six moral virtues—wisdom, courage, justice, humanity, temperance, and transcendence. Everyone has a unique hierarchy of character strengths, ranging from their strongest to their weakest. Identifying one’s highest five- or six-character strengths and then learning to use them to deal with life challenges intentionally has been associated with lower depression and higher well-being.7
Effective psychological body armor includes the ability to match specific character strengths to specific situations. This is analogous to a toolbox. A toolbox contains a variety of implements necessary to complete diverse types of tasks. A toolbox containing only a hammer would be of little use. Similarly, people who learn to view the 24 character strengths as different tools appropriate to different situations respond more adaptively to whatever challenge may present itself. While many people may rely primarily on their five or six highest character strengths, there may be circumstances in life where strengths that are lower on one’s hierarchy rise in importance.
RESILIENCE ESSENTIAL READS
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Self-Acceptance: You Cannot Be Anyone Else
For example, a scientist might rely on character strengths of curiosity, love of learning, and perspective in their work. At home, this same scientist might learn to focus more on the strengths of humanity and temperance. And in response to existential crises, strengths from the moral virtue of transcendence, such as spirituality, may dominate. Thus, the person who learns to employ their full range of character strengths rather than relying on just one or two is poised to respond with an adaptive trajectory following adversity.
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I do not mean to imply that people who experience pathology in response to adversity are weak or responsible for their fate. Sometimes, the circumstances are too daunting in life, and the challenges appear insurmountable. Following significant adversity or trauma, people who experience the pathology trajectory should seek psychological assistance. But well-being is more than the absence of pathology. Therefore, in addition to traditional therapy, training on enhancing psychological body armor may help the person return to baseline functioning and, perhaps, provide an opportunity for personal growth.
Those who lead others in dangerous situations where adversity is common to have a responsibility to provide training programs to build psychological body armor among their followers. They can do this through formal training programs, mentoring, and modeling hardiness, grit, and character strengths. They should also build and maintain a positive organizational climate. Moreover, leaders should encourage and enable good physical fitness, adequate sleep, and good nutritional habits to build overall well-being. Combined with psychological body armor, these attributes may help prepare members of the organization to respond with an adaptive trajectory to adversity.
Note: The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not reflect the position of the United States Military Academy, the Department of the Army, or the Department of Defense.
These are disorder, invulnerability,