(토요모임) [June, 11, 2016] Saturday meeting topic

[Scarlet]

Howdy ! 

It's me Scarlett !   

This week we have 3 topics. 

◈ Lifestyle : Successful life 

- 8 Traits You Need to Be Successful (Your IQ Isn't One of Them)

- 10 psychological insights into how people interact that could affect your success in life

◈ Leadership : These Masters subjects will give you the biggest pay boost

◈ Welfare : Is an income a basic right?

Hope you enjoy the topics. 

With luv 

Scarlett

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8 Traits You Need to Be Successful 

(Your IQ Isn't One of Them)

According to research, personality traits are more accurate predictors of success

than actual intelligence levels.

SUCCESS Staff  February 25, 2016

Is it possible that intelligence is overrated? Although a natural touch for acquiring and making sense of knowledge is undoubtedly a valuable trait in our professional and personal lives, research has shown that there are far more important factors at play when it comes to succeeding at our goals and duties. In fact, the Carnegie Institute of Technology claims that 85 percent of financial success can be attributed to people skills rather than raw brain power. And it makes sense that people prefer to do business with those they trust.

Elsewhere, Dr. Arthur E. Poropat identified five personality traits which—taking intelligence levels into account—can be shown to improve test results. Studying is of course recommended, but conscientiousness, openness, agreeableness, extraversion and emotional stability can also pay off with higher grades.

In the workplace, team-thinking and personal development should be key priorities, not afterthoughts to acquiring technical knowledge. Emotional awareness toward yourself, your colleagues and your clients sits at the core of an effective professional development strategy. In order to do that you need to do two things:

 Know yourself. Manage your emotions, identify potential areas of improvement through training or research, take failure or mistakes as lessons and aim to grow.

 Know others. Listen for their ideas and needs, work with these in mind even if you disagree with them, let your teammates and your customers see your passion.

Curiosity is a vastly underrated attribute that brings understanding, widens horizons and encourages fellowship. Taking time to study and develop the personality traits highlighted in the infographic below is a good sign in itself: These so-called "soft skills" are in fact fundamental to thriving in the business world. An open mind is endlessly more valuable than one rigidly stuffed with facts and unable to adapt to circumstances.

Article source : http://www.success.com/article/8-traits-you-need-to-be-successful-your-iq-isnt-one-of-them

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10 psychological insights into how people interact that 

could affect your success in life

Shana Lebowitz/ Jun. 3, 2016, 4:21 PM

Psychologists are like detectives — always looking below the surface of everyday interactions to find out what people are really thinking and feeling.

And over the past few decades, they've begun to solve hundreds of mysteries: How will your interviewer react if you answer a question about drugs honestly? How do you get someone who thinks differently to see your point of view?

Below, we've listed 10 of those incredible insights. Read on to learn more about yourself, your friends, your coworkers — and how to foster the best relationships with all of them.

1. A bad impression can be changed

For a long time, scientists thought that bad first impressions were near-impossible to change. Even if the person believed they liked you, they might still dislike you on a subconscious level.

Recent research suggests otherwise. If you give the person a chance to see your behavior in a new light, you have a chance at changing their subconscious eval‎uations of you.

For example, say you ignore an acquaintance on the street because you just had a massive fight with your partner and aren't in the mood to talk. Later you find out that the acquaintance thinks you're a jerk. You might want to get in touch with her and explain that you normally love talking to her, but you'd just finished sobbing and didn't want to embarrass yourself or her.

2. The first judgment people make is whether you're trustworthy

According to Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy, people ask themselves two questions when they first meet you:

• Can I trust this person?

• Can I respect this person?

In other words, they want to know if you're warm and/or competent.

Writing in her 2015 book "Presence," Cuddy says warmth is the more important factor in how people eval‎uate you — after they establish that you're trustworthy, they can look for evidence of your competence.

3. We prefer people who share personal information

Recent research suggests that it's generally better to reveal even potentially embarrassing information than to try concealing it.

As Business Insider's Erin Brodwin reports, "When others can tell we might be hiding something — or at least not telling the full truth — they tend to perceive us as less trustworthy than people who reveal more about themselves."

In one experiment, participants played the roles of job seekers and employers. Job seekers were asked to fill out a questionnaire asking whether they'd ever done drugs, and to imagine that they had. Most chose to withhold information about which drugs they'd used and how often.

But here's the kicker: Employers were more likely to want to hire those who'd answered "yes" than those who hadn't answered at all.

4. Extroverts win people over by mimicking them

Extroverts' secret is out: They get people to like them by copying their body language.

At least, that's according to a recent study, in which experimenters filmed interactions between female volunteers. Everyone was told that they would be collaborating on a task with another person, but half were told that the task had the best results when they got along well with their partners.

Results showed that people who described themselves as more extroverted did a better job at building rapport with their partners, but only when they were told that it was important to get along well. In these cases, their strategy for rapport-building seemed to be mimicking their partners' body language.

5. People who speak quickly do a better job of persuading those who disagree with them

If you're trying to persuade someone to see your point of view, you don't want to give them too much time to think critically about your arguments. So speak quickly.

In one study, researchers had undergrads — most of whom supported a lower drinking age — listen to a message about a law that raised the legal age for purchasing and consuming alcohol from 19 to 21. Then some students heard a speech in favor of the law, while others heard a speech opposing it.

When students heard the argument opposing the law (a perspective like theirs), they were more likely to agree with it the slower it was delivered. But when they heard the argument supporting the law (a perspective unlike theirs), they were more likely to agree with the message the faster it was delivered.

6. We're often biased to see overweight people as less capable

A growing body of research suggests that weight bias has powerful effects in the workplace.

In one experiment, men and women rated digital resumes that included photographs of non-obese people and digitally altered photographs of those same people as obese.  

Results showed that obese job candidates were deemed significantly less competent than non-obese candidates. Interestingly, even overweight participants showed a bias against obese candidates.

Other research has found that overweight people are perceived as less productive, more prone to interpersonal problems, lazy, and less intelligent. They also tend to earn less than others.

7. Certain 'dark' personality traits are linked to professional success

Scientists say people who score high on measures of narcissism and Machiavellianism (a willingness to manipulate and exploit other people) are more likely to get ahead.

Specifically, those who display narcissistic traits earn higher salaries, while those who display Machiavellian traits are more likely to hold leadership positions and be satisfied with their careers.

That's possibly because those high in Machiavellianism have a strong desire for status, while those high in narcissism make good first impressions, especially in job interviews.

8. We hold other people to harsher standards than we hold ourselves

Psychologists call it the "fundamental attribution error": We assume that other people's behaviors are the result of personality flaws, while our own behaviors are attributable to situational factors.

For example, your coworker turns in a project late and you assume he's a slacker. The next week, you turn in a project late and you tell yourself it's because you were preoccupied with relationship issues.

9. It's a given that personalities will clash at work

According to Tim Ursiny, a business psychologist and the founder of Advantage Coaching, people tend to fall into one of four categories:

• Dominant people are impulsive and skeptical; they are direct and prefer immediate results.

• Conscientious people are methodical and skeptical; they are detail-oriented and analytical.

• Influential people are impulsive and warm; they enjoy group work and generate enthusiasm.

• Steady people are methodical and warm; they are patient and seek harmony.

In the workplace, dominant personalities clash with steady personalities, and conscientious personalities clash with influential personalities. Ursiny said the first step to reducing conflict is figuring out what personality type you are.

You can take the official assessment here, or look at the traits listed under each personality type and see which description fits you best.

10. People are more likely to remember a smiling face at a networking event

If you want people to remember you after one meeting, it's best to match your facial expression‎ to the tone of the event.

So if you're at a lively conference, you'll want to smile. One study found that participants were more likely to remember smiling faces alongside a party scene than fearful faces alongside a party scene.

It's possible that the combination of two happy images could enhance people's ability to pay attention, or that a smiling face encourages people to bind together the image and its context.

Article source : http://uk.businessinsider.com/psychological-insights-into-how-people-interact-at-work-2016-6?utm_content=buffer734ad&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer

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<Questions> 

Q1. What is your definition for successful figure? What components are required for successful life? 

Q2. Do you have any skills or abilities you want to develop? What are you doing to enhance your skills? 

Q3. Are you passionate to reach your goals? Are you tenacious to stick to your goals? 

Q4. According to an article, there are 8 important things for success to reach your goals. How about you? Do you have below factors?

  

- Self regulation  - Growth mindset - Resilience - Passion

- Empathy - Conscientiousness - Openess to experience - Social skills

Q5. Please share your table members' first impression ! Could you tell us his/her strength? 

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These Masters subjects will give you the biggest pay boost

Written by Matthew Nitch Smith/ Finance Writer, Business Insider/ Published Tuesday 17 May 2016

Masters degrees are expensive, and the decision to do one shouldn't be taken lightly.

In the UK, they often cost over £7,000 ($10,136), and for many students they involve studying at the same time as holding down a full or part-time job.

Salary benchmarking site Emolument.com has analysed 23,866 graduate salaries by subject to show which masters result in the biggest pay boost over just doing a bachelors degree.

The list may give potential students concerned about future salaries an idea of whether a masters course in a particular subject is worth signing up for.

Check out the list below.

17. Humanities — 2% increase

Bachelors average pay: £43,000 ($62,000)

Masters average pay: £44,000 ($64,000)

Humanities — which includes theology, history, geography and politics — may be fascinating subjects to study, but doing a masters in them may not be worth the cost. Strangely, average wages actually decline for PhD students to £40,000.

16. Economics — 4% increase

Bank of England Governor Mark Carney.

Bachelors average pay: £67,000 ($97,000)

Masters average pay: £70,000 ($101,000)

For a tough subject, economics masters don't see much of a pay bump, although bachelor salaries are already very high. For the real money, students should go one further and do a PhD: average wages from that rise to £79,000.

15. Fine Arts & Design — 6% increase

Bachelors average pay: £31,000 ($45,000)

Masters average pay: £33,000 ($48,000)

Arts and design are hugely competitive professional worlds, and sadly the average pay isn't high even you take the plunge and do a masters. The subjects are best pursued beyond the undergrad level only if you have a passion for them.

14. Modern Language — 7% increase

Bachelors average pay: £41,000 ($59,000)

Masters average pay: £44,000 ($64,000)

Being multi-lingual is a major draw to certain employers. That said, a masters in modern languages only sees a slight bump in average pay, suggesting it's better to get out after a bachelors and use you skills in the real world.

13. Engineering — 11% increase

Bachelors average pay: £44,000 ($64,000)

Masters average pay: £49,000 ($71,000)

Engineering is a complex subject, and masters students see a nice bump in average pay accordingly. If they're willing go the full distance and do a PhD, earnings skyrocket to an average of £61,000.

12. Media, Marketing & Communication — 11% increase

Bachelors average pay: £36,000 ($52,000)

Masters average pay: £40,000 ($58,000)

The world of media, marketing and comms is a hard environment to stand out in, which is reflected in the relatively low average pay. The masters pay bump wouldn't cover the costs, so students may find it best to get into the real world sooner than later.

11. Chemistry and Natural Sciences — 12% increase

Bachelors average pay: £41,000 ($59,000)

Masters average pay: £46,000 ($66,000)

Chemistry graduates may not earn as much money as some people expect, but masters students see a nice pay bump. Surprisingly, PhD students don't — so best to get into the real labs after the masters if you're concerned about money.

10. Architecture — 13% increase

Bachelors average pay: £37,000 ($53,000)

Masters average pay: £42,000 ($61,000)

Architecture is a tough profession that demands practicality and creativity, so masters students see a nice bump for going further. Top architects in the UK can earn over £80,000.

9. Purchasing & Supply Chain — 14% increase

Bachelors average pay: £36,000 ($52,000)

Masters average pay: £41,000 ($59,000)

Some people may have never even heard of this subject, but it's an important part of business that also examines impacts of regulation and technology. As with any in-depth subject, masters students willing to go further see a decent pay boost.

8. English Literature — 17% increase

Bachelors average pay: £35,000 ($51,000)

Masters average pay: £41,000 ($59,000)

Literature masters students see a big pay jump over their Bachelor peers thanks to increased analytical skills and more original research, but it's worth noting that the base level of average pay is still lower than most of the other subjects on this list.

7. Computer Sciences — 21% increase

Bachelors average pay: £42,000 ($61,000)

Masters average pay: £51,000 ($74,000)

Computer Sciences, which can involve the creation of automotive systems and even robots, demands an incredibly sharp brain, and a lot of education. Anyone taking the subject should go all the way: PhD students earn £61,000 on average.

6. Management & Strategy — 24% increase

Bachelors average pay: £42,000 ($61,000)

Masters average pay: £52,000 ($75,000)

Good management isn't necessarily innate — it can be learned. Management and strategy masters grads see a huge pay bump that's well worth the cost, while PhD grads earn an even bigger £65,000.

5. Mathematics & Statistics — 25% increase

Bachelors average pay: £60,000 ($87,000)

Masters average pay: £75,000 ($108,000)

Mathematics isn't a subject for the faint-hearted, but those who do a Bachelors should invest in a masters — especially as PhD students earn an astonishing average of £112,000, which is the highest figure for any graduate class on the list.

4. Law — 28% increase

Bachelors average pay: £47,000 ($68,000)

Masters average pay: £60,000 ($87,000)

Good lawyers are always in the demand all over the world. For anyone serious about the profession, a masters should be at least the level to aim for, but those who do a PhD as well go on to earn a very nice average of £86,000.

3. Physics, Life Sciences and Healthcare — 28% increase

Bachelors average pay: £36,000 ($52,000)

Masters average pay: £46,000 ($66,000)

The pay bump in physics or healthcare makes doing a masters practically essential. Like chemistry, a PhD in physics may be unnecessary unless you really love the subject: that only takes the average salary to £50,000.

2. Education — 34% increase

Bachelors average pay: £29,000 ($42,000)

Masters average pay: £39,000 ($56,000)

The base pay for teachers may not be huge, but masters graduates in education enjoy the second biggest pay boost on the list. The course isn't just about teaching, but the study of education all over the world, and how it can be improved.

1. Philosophy — 45% increase

Bachelors average pay: £42,000 ($61,000)

Masters average pay: £61,000 ($80,000)

Philosophy may seem an abstract subject, but students can make serious money: particularly if they do a masters, which gives them the biggest pay increase on the list. While many graduates won't become actual philosophers, the knowledge lends itself to many well-paying professions thanks to its focus logic, analysis and problem-solving.

Article source : https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/05/these-masters-subjects-will-give-you-the-biggest-pay-boost?utm_content=buffer2584e&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer

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<Questions> 

Q1. What is your major? Why did you choose your major? 

Q2. According to an article, your study plan for graduate school can be more beneficial than your thought. If you can expect more salary increase than your investment on degree, would you study more? 

Q3. Why do you want to study more? What is your motive? 

Q4. Do you have any field you want to study more to achieve career development? 

Q5. What is your life goals? Do you need more knowledge background to reach your own goals ?

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Is an income a basic right?

Rethinking the welfare state> Basically flawed

Proponents of a basic income underestimate how disruptive it would be

Jun 4th 2016 | From the print edition

WORK is one of society’s most important institutions. It is the main mechanism through which spending power is allocated. It provides people with meaning, structure and identity. Yet work is a less generous, and less certain, provider of these benefits than it once was. Since 2000 economic growth across the rich world has failed to generate decent pay increases for most workers. Now there is growing fear of a more fundamental threat to the world of work: the possibility that new technologies, from machine learning to driverless cars, will cause havoc to employment.

Such worries have revived interest in an old idea: the payment of a “universal basic income”, an unconditional government payment given to all citizens, as a supplement to or replacement for wages (see article). On June 5th Swiss citizens will decide in a referendum whether to require their government to adopt a basic income. Finland and the Netherlands are planning limited experiments in which some citizens are paid a monthly income of roughly €1,000 ($1,100). People from all points on the ideological spectrum, from trade unionists to libertarians, are supporters. It is an idea whose day may come. But not soon.

The basic income is an answer to a problem that has not yet materialised. Worries that technological advance would mean the end of employment have, thus far, always proved misguided; as jobs on the farm were destroyed, work in the factory was created. Today’s angst over robots and artificial intelligence may well turn out to be another in a long line of such scares. A much-quoted study suggesting that 47% of today’s jobs could be automated in the next two decades looks too gloomy, for example (see article). Machines may one day be a match for many workers at most tasks. But that is not a reason to rush to adopt a basic income immediately.

If the need for a basic income is unproven, the costs are certain. Its universality is designed to encourage citizens to think of the payment as a basic right. However, universality also means that the policy would be fantastically costly. An economy as rich as America’s could afford to pay citizens a basic income worth about $10,000 a year if it began collecting about as much tax as a share of GDP as Germany (35%, as opposed to the current 26%) and replaced all other welfare programmes (including Social Security, or pensions, but not including health care) with the basic-income payment.

Such a big jump in the size of the state should make anyone wary. Even if levied efficiently, on an immovable asset like land, tax rises on this scale would have unpredictable effects on growth and wealth creation. Yet an income of $10,000 is still extremely low: it would leave many poorer people, such as those who rely on the state pension, worse off than they are now—at the same time as billionaires started getting more money from the state.

A universal basic income would also destroy the conditionality on which modern welfare states are built. During an experiment with a basic-income-like programme in Manitoba, Canada, most people continued to work. But over time, the stigma against leaving the workforce would surely erode: large segments of society could drift into an alienated idleness. Tensions between those who continue to work and pay taxes and those opting out weaken the current system; under a basic income, they could rip the welfare state apart.

Household income inequality: ladders to climb

Lastly, a basic income would make it almost impossible for countries to have open borders. The right to an income would encourage rich-world governments either to shut the doors to immigrants, or to create second-class citizenries without access to state support.

Basic questions

Make no mistake: modern welfare states leave plenty to be desired. Disability benefits are for many people an unsatisfactory version of a basic income, providing those who will no longer work with enough to get by. But rather than upend society with radical welfare reforms premised on a job-killing technological revolution that has not yet happened, governments should make better use of the tools they already have.

Labour-market reforms—to crack down on occupational licensing, say—would boost employment growth. More generous wage subsidies, such as an earned-income tax credit, would help people stay out of poverty. Long-overdue public investment in infrastructure would foster demand. Relaxing planning restrictions would create jobs in construction, and homes for workers in places with robust economies.

A universal basic income might just make sense in a world of technological upheaval. But before governments begin planning for a world without work, they should strive to make today’s system function better.

From the print edition: Leaders

Article source : http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21699907-proponents-basic-income-underestimate-how-disruptive-it-would-be-basically-flawed?fsrc=scn/fb/te/pe/ed/basicallyflawed

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<Questions> 

Q1. Have you ever heard about the story which is 'Switzerland's referendums for basic income plan' ? Do you think 'basic income' concept is required for our society? 

Q2. Are you satisfied with your salary status? 

Q3. What do you need money? or work? 

Q4. How much money is your monthly living cost?

[eliii]

위에 질문을 답변을준비해서가면되는건가요?

[Scarlet]

올리신 글을 늦게 봤네요. 네 매주 목요일과 토요일에 올라오는 아티클을 읽고 관련 질문에 답변을 생각해 오시면 되요. 너무 부담스럽게 생각하지 마시고 가벼운 일상도 나누시고 관련 주제중 흥미가 가는 것은 멤버들과 토론도 즐겨보시길 :) 그럼 즐거운 주말 마무리 보내시고 담주 모임에서 뵈요 :)