역사 1999년 - 인도네시아 잠수함이 호주/뉴질랜드 수상함을 뇌격할 뻔 함

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https://bityl.co/6tIV (SUBMARINE MATTERS)

1999년 동티모르 분쟁 도중 인도네시아 해군의 209급 잠수함 (KRI 카크라나 KRI 낭갈라 중 한 척)이 호주나 뉴질랜드 수상함을 뇌격할 뻔 했다고 합니다. 

호주가 동티모르 사태에 개입하며 HMAS 카님블라함을 INTERFET 사령부로 지정해 (아직 인도네시아의 영해였던) 동티모르 해역에 파견했는데, 당시 해역엔 209급 잠수함 1척이 통상 초계임무를 수행하고 있었으며, 동티모르의 수도 딜리를 향해 이동중인 미확인 수상함과 여러 번 접촉했다고. 

잠수함 심도까지 부상해 살펴본 결과, 수상함은 HMAS 카님블라함 및 뉴질랜드의 프리깃 HMNZS 캔터베리와 HMNZS 테 카하 함이었습니다. 

잠수함 함장은 어뢰발사 준비를 명했고, 뉴질랜드 호위함 역시 잠수함의 존재를 알아챘지만 잠수함의 정확한 위치를 잡지 못해 경어뢰를 발사하지 못했습니다. 

상황이 진행되던 중 HMAS 카님블라에 승함한 사령관이 호주 정부에 상황을 보고했고, 호주 정부가 인도네시아 정부와 긴급히 접촉해 INTERFET 소속 함정이 딜리까지 안전하게 통과할 수 있도록 허가해줄 것을 요구했습니다. 

자카르타 해군본부가 잠수함에 어뢰를 발사하거나 호위선단을 방해하지 않도록 명령했고, 그 뒤 잠수함은 부상해서 딜리까지의 항로를 추적했다고 하네요. 

Indonesian Sub Almost Torpedoed Aus-NZ Ships 1999

An Indonesian Cakra-class submarine (KRI Cakra or KRI Nanggala (tragically sunk alone in 2021) was involved in the following confrontation with Australian and New Zealand warships in 1999. Source: the operational history of Indonesia’s 2 Cakra class submarines - 1999 East Timor (ET) Crisis. 

GEO POLITICAL BACKGROUND

Tiny ET (see map below) a former Portuguese colony, was brutally invaded by Indonesia in 1975. ET is less than 700km from Australia and borders Indonesian West Timor. 

By early 1999 UN, US and Australian political pressure forced Indonesia to accept an an August 30, 1999 Referendum in which ET voters overwhelming favoured rapid  independence from Indonesia. 

After the Referendum, rightwing, moderately Muslim, military officers who (under the surface) still dominate Indonesia were outraged ET was to secede from Indonesia. In contrast ET was and remains a Catholic Latin leftwing country.

Indonesia was concerned other islands of the difficult to control Indonesia Archipelago (like almost majority Christian West Papua/West Irian) would be encouraged by ET's success.  

Immediately after the August 30, 1999, Referendum Indonesian rightwing military leaders launched a "militia" (thugs paid by the Indonesian military) offensive to crush East Timorese independence. The UN, US and Australia objected to this new Indonesian militar action. 

By late 1999 relations between Indonesia and its southern neighbour, Australia, were extreme.

INDONESIAN NEAR TORPEDOING OF AUS/NZ SHIPS

As Australia was the closest democratic military power trusted by the UN-US, Australia rapidly led an air and sea liberation of ET in late 1999. Naturally this led to some confrontations with Indonesia naval and army and active INTERFET suppression of Indonesia Army paid militia forces in/around ET. 

Royal Australian Navy (RAN) transport vessel, HMAS Kanimbla, was to serve as an INTERFET command post. 

As HMAS Kanimbla approached the coast of East Timor, it entered what were technically still Indonesian waters. One of the two Indonesian Cakra-class submarines (KRI Cakra or KRI Nanggal) was conducting routine patrol duties in the Timor Sea, when the Cakra-class sub's sonar detected several unidentified surface ships moving towards Dili.

The Cakra-class submarine commander ordered his sub to submerge to periscope depth for potential action. The unidentified surface ships turned out to be HMAS Kanimbla and the Royal New Zealand Navy's frigates HMNZS Canterbury and HMNZS Te Kaha. 

The submarine captain ordered preparations for firing torpedoes.[3] The New Zealand frigates were aware of the presence of the submarine and could have eventually sunk it with their own lightweight anti-submarine torpedoes, but initially they were unable to determine the sub's exact position. 

At that point, the commander of HMAS Kanimbla communicated with the Australian government regarding the situation. The Australian government (in Canberra) emergency contacted the Indonesian government (in Jakarta) requesting permission for the INTERFET vessels to enter Indonesian waters to continue passage to Dili, capital of East Timor.[3] 

Fortunately naval headquarters in Jakarta ordered the submarine not to obstruct/torpedo the convoy. This averted the open warfare between Australia and Indonesia that submarine torpedo damage or sinking of an Australian or New Zealand ship (and Aus NZ retaliation) would have triggered. The submarine then surfaced (to show non-aggressive goodwill) but continued to shadow the convoy for the rest of the convoy's passage to Dili.[3]

[백선호]

2001년 Contemporary Southeast Asia의 논문 내용과 같은 사건을 인도네시아의 시점에서 본 것이네요.

http://cafe.daum.net/NTDS/5q4/544