이스라엘 라트런(LATRUN)의 탱크(기갑) 기념관/박물관 방문기

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이스라엘 라트런(LATRUN)의 탱크 기념관/박물관 방문기

ㅇ 일시 : 2014. 12. 13.(토)

ㅇ 장소 : 텔아비브 근교, 로드시(Lod city) - www.yadlashiryon.com

Yad La'Shiryon LATRUN (야드 라쉬리욘 라트런)

Memorial site and the Armored Corps museum in Latrun

--> Yad Lashiryon Site Foreword The Yad Lashiryon Memorial at Latrun is the Armored Corps’ Memorial Site. Here, the Armored Corps remembers its fallen comrades, every hour of every day, all four thousand nine hundred and sixty-five together and each individual - their personalities as individuals and as fighters, how they lived and how they died. The Armored Corps honors each of the fallen both on a personal basis and as part of a whole. Visitors to Yad LaShiryon meet the figures of the fallen: their names, their faces, their smiles, their ranks, their units, their acts, their achievements, the sum of their lives and their stories as individuals. In the background, visitors coming to pay their respects to the fallen of the Armored Corps meet their military and professional world, the world of the armored brigades and their soldiers in the IDF. Here they will find a display of the Armored Corps battle heritage, from the earliest days of the state and up to present times, the decisive role of armored forces soldiers in every victory and the special qualities of the men in the tanks. The site is imbued with the spirit of the Armored Corps, its commanders and soldiers. This spirit was not created in a single day. Many people took part in creating it, each in his generation, and each in his own way, in building up the force, in the battles and in routine security. Part of the spirit of the Armored Corps has been carved from the special qualities of its commanders and soldiers, men of merit, outstanding figures, throughout the years of the state’s existence and in every period of the corps. However, another part of the Armored Corps spirit has been shaped from the special tradition of the Jewish soldier throughout the generations. The site at Latrun is at a focal point of Jewish combat from time immemorial. In the Ayalon Valley Joshua Bin-Nun met his enemies, at nearby Emmaus Judah the Maccabi confronted his foes, here we battled for the road to Jerusalem in the War of Independence, and here we fought once and for all in the Six Day War. General view of yadlashiryon site What is Yad Lashiryon Site in Latrun? Yad Lashiryon is located in Latrun, near highway No.1between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv-Jaffa. The site’s uniqueness is rooted in its place in history: It was the site of the Biblical battles of Joshua Bin-Nun against the Amorite kings; in the book of Joshua it says: ‘Sun, stand still upon Giv’on; and moon, in the valley of Ayalon’ (Joshua 10:12). This area was also a battlefield in the time of the Maccabis, the site of Judah the Maccabi’s battle against the army of Antiochus and his commander Gorgias, in which he defeated them and drove them to the sea. In the book of Proverbs it says: ‘For with wise advice shalt thou make war’ (Proverbs 24:6) The 7th Division - the second armored division to be set up during the War of Independence - fought here at Latrun to open the way through to besieged Jerusalem. These battles decided the fate of the War of Independence with the freeing of our capital city. The area was recaptured from the Jordanian army during the Six Day War. Yad LaShiryon serves as an active commemoration of all the fallen members of the Armored Forces in all of Israel’s wars. Here the traditions of the Armored Corps and the tales of heroism of its fighters and units are preserved and recalled for the younger generation and for all visitors to the site. Yad LaShiryon serves as a warm home, a preparatory school for young, graduate and adult soldiers of the armored forces. What does the site include?  야드 라쉬리욘 유적지(고지)에는 무엇이 있을까? § First and foremost, there is a Memorial complex, with the Wall of Names on which are inscribed the names of all 4,965 fallen soldiers of the Armored Corps in all of Israel’s wars; the Gate of Courage on which photographs of the fallen are projected, twenty-four hours a day throughout the year; the Armor’s Tears Tower created by artist Danny Karavan; the Daily memorial stand where a memorial service is held for all those who fell on each particular day, according to the Hebrew date; the Statue of Biography giving information about each fallen soldier; and “The bind of Life” Synagogue where memorial prayers are held. - 이스라엘의 모든 전쟁에서 전사한 기갑군 4,965명의 이름이 벽에 새겨져 있으며, 여러가지 종합 기념관이다. § Merkava Auditorium - an impressive hall where a presentation of the Armored Corps is projected simultaneously on nine screens. - 메르카바 강당 - 기갑군에 대한 프레젠테이션이 9개의 스크린으로 동시에 전시되어 있다. § The AFV's (Armored Fighting Vehicles) Museum with a spectacular display of over 150 armored vehicles. - 150여개 이상의 환상적인 탱크들이 전시되어 있는 전투기갑차량(탱크) 박물관이다. § HERITAGE - Education Campus for Ethical Values and Nature. The Campus provides 250 students with full residential conditions, and those who study here will include soldiers, students and Jewish youth from abroad. Even now, extensive educational activities are conducted there for soldiers and school-age pupils, inculcating them with a knowledge and love of Israel and teaching them about Israel’s military heritage, commemorating fallen armored soldiers, field studies, studies of bird migration, and more. - 유산- 윤리적 가치와 자연에 대한 교육의 장 § The Armored Brigades Park - with brigade level monuments honoring and relating the story of the soldiers. - 기갑여단 공원 - 군인의 이야기와 관련된 명예로운 여단의 순간들... § The Trail of Time Museum - under construction. The museum will present the role of the Armored Corps in Israel’s battles and will conclude with a tank crew under war experience. - 시간의 여정 박물관 - 이스라엘 전투에서 기갑군의 역할을 전시할 것이며, 전쟁의 경험을 통해 탱크 승무원들이 결정할 것입니다. § The Allied Forces Monument - a salute by the Israeli Armored Corps to the Allied armored forces who defeated the Nazi war machine in World War 2. This is the only monument of this kind in the world. The memorial is comprised of three World War 2 vintage tanks (American, Russian, and British), resting on a mound of gigantic stones, and alongside is a series of flags from all the countries that fought the Nazi enemy. - 동맹군 기념비 - 이스라엘 기간군이 2차대전때 나치군을 격퇴한 동맹군에 경의를 표함. 세계적으로 유일한 기념물임. 3가지 형태의 2차대전시 구형 탱크들(미제, 러시아제, 영국제)로 구성되어 있으며, 나치군과 싸운 모든 국가들의 국기가 진열되어 있음. § The Museum of Jewish Soldier in World War 2 - to be set up in the shadow of the Allied Forces Monument and enveloping it, preserving the legacy and telling the heroic story of the Jewish soldiers in the Allied Forces during World War 2. For the meantime there is an Exhibition of the Jewish Soldier in World War 2 (400 sq. m.). - 2차대전 시 이스라엘 군인의 박물관 § The Hall of Valor, in honor of The Armor Corps soldiers who were decorated with Valor Medal during the Israeli wars, the stories of these soldiers. - 용맹실 - 이스라엘 전쟁시 용감한 영웅 메달을 받은 기갑군인의 명예를 위하여. § The Hall of Commanders, telling the stories of all the commanders of the Israeli Armored Corps since the establishment of Israel in 1948. - 지휘관실 - 1948년 이스라엘 독립 후 이스라엘 기갑군의 모든 지휘관들에 대한 이야기가 있다. § The Out-door Exhibition of the Yom-Kippur war in 1973. - 1973년 욤-키퍼 전쟁 기념관(야외) § Observation balcony, enabling all-around view of Latrun surrounding and including metal boars telling the history of Latrun area battles since Joshua Ben-Nun (the mid 13th century BC) up to The Six Day War in 1967. - 발코니 관람 - 옥상에서 13세기부터 1967년 6일전쟁까지 라트런 지역의 위치와 역사를 조망할 수 있음. § Data Center, including big library and multi-media documents regarding the Israeli Armor Corps and armor in the world. - 자료보관소 - 이스라엘 기갑군과 전세계 기갑군에 관한 멀티미디어 자료 § Amphitheater for up to 10,000 seats used for conferences, assemblies, ceremonies and so forth. - 계단식 원형 관람석 - 각종 회의, 의식 등을 할 때 사용되며, 10,000석 보유 General view of yadlashiryon site Main activities at Yad Lashiryon The Yad Lashiryon site has 350,000 visitors a year, 70,000 of them schoolchildren of all ages, major foreign delegations and tourists from Israel and abroad. Schools hold a rich variety of activities including tours on the subject of commemoration and heritage, memorial services, activities relating to knowledge of the country and nature, specializing in ornithology, camping and field skills, and activities relating to Jewish history in the region. Other activities include school and army course graduation ceremonies, assemblies of army units and civilian bodies, marches relating to heritage, history, land and nature, conferences and training courses for military units and civilian organizations, including teachers in the education system. All the above events are preceded by a tour of the site, with time and attention devoted to the subject of commemorating the fallen comrades. Sincerely, Major General (Ret.) Chaim Erez Chairman, Yad LaShiryon - The Armor Corps Memorial Site. To contact the “Yad Lashiryon” Association: Tel.: +972-8-9255268 Fax: +972-8-9255186 E-mail: yadlashiryon@gmail.com Internet site www.yadlashiryon.com Mailing address: Yad LaShiryon in Latrun M.P. Shimshon 99762

라트런(LATRUN) 고지는 평야를 넓게 바라볼 수 있는 평야 한 가운데에 높이 위치하고 있으며, 이스라엘이 독립할 때까지 여러번 점령을 시도하였으나, 한번도 점령하지 못한 요새이다. 이스라엘이 독립할 때, 영국군이 물려줌으로써 무혈입성으로 차지하게 되었으며, 위의 사진가운데 보이는 건물은 사령부 본부였으며, 독립 후 경찰청으로 사용하다가 지금은 박물관 본관 건물로 사용되고 있다.

입구에 위치한 박물관 관리사무소

파란만장한 역사가 느겨지는 박물관 본관 건물

야외 전시장에는 150여대 이상의 각기 다른 전 세계의 각 전쟁시기별 탱크들이 진열되어 있다.

탱크만 전시한 박물관으로는 전 세계에서 제일 큰 곳이라고 한다.

박물관 내부에 전시된 모형들

1960년대부터 프랑스가 이스라엘에는 탱크를 수출하지 않겠다는 발표를 하자, 이스라엘에서는 자체적으로 탱크를 개발/생산하기 시작하였으며, 오른쪽 아래에서부터 이스라엘에서 개발한 탱크. 오른쪽 맨 아래쪽부터 위쪽 순으로 최초 개발한 메르카바 MK1, 메르카바 MK2, 메르카바 MK3 순이며, 국기 게양대 뒤쪽에 있는 탱크가 현재 이스라엘에서 사용중이 최신 메르카바 MK4 전차(탱크)이다.

박물관 옥상에서 촬영한 모습 - 주변을 모두 내려보고 관찰할 수 있다.

오른쪽에 있는 이스라엘군 탱크를 자세히 보면 몇가지 특징이 있다.

사진에서 보면, 적의 공격으로부터 바퀴 궤도를 보호하는 측면 보호대가 장착되어 있다.

사진에서 보면, 적의 공격으로부터 바퀴 궤도를 보호하는 측면 보호대가 장착되어 있다.

또한 특이한 것은 RPG 로켓 방어용 쇠사슬(chain)과 쇠공(ball)이 장착되어 있다.

이러한 형태는 세계적으로 유래가 없는 특이한 형상이다. 이 모두가 이들이 전쟁 실전 경험을

통해 얻은 교훈으로 보완하고 적용한 것이다.

궤도차량이므로, 바퀴궤도 손상되면 수리에 상당한 시간이 걸린 뿐만 아니라,

신속한 기동 및 정상적인 무기체계의 기능 발휘가 곤란하므로 이러한 보완장치가

필요했던 것이다.

바퀴 궤도의 측면 보호커버를 장탈한 상태

 

늪지대나 강을 건널때 끌고 가서 설치하고 교량같이 지나갈 수 있는 것

T-72 Tank, 3인용, 41톤, 780마력

20세기 후반 과학의 결정체라고 말할 수 있는 소련의 'T-72'와 같은 최첨단 탱크

Standartpantzer Leopard 1, 4인승, 40톤, 830마력

Chieftain Mk3, 4인승, 55톤, 720마력

Pz 61(Panzer 1961), 4인승, 38톤, 630마력

스위스가 독자개발한 Pz61 중전차

M3A1 STUART LIGHT TANK, 4인승, 12톤, 250마력

1942 년 5 월 부터 M3 형의 한단계 진보형으로 미국에서 생산한 M3A1 스튜어트 라이탱크

M47E1/E2 PATTON TANK, 4인승, 47톤, 750마력

Tank, CHARIOTEER, 3인승, 24.5톤, 640마력

노란색 탱크는 골란고원에서 시리아와 전투시 획득한 것이라고 한다.

PANZER PzKpfw IV ausf G, 5인승, 43톤, 300마력

사막 전투에 사용되는 탱크들은 색상이 흰색 또는 노랑색이다.

M52 SELF PROPELLED GUN, 5인승, 20톤, 500마력

사막 전투에 사용되는 탱크들은 색상이 흰색 또는 노랑색이다.

M107 SELF-PROPELLED GUN, 5인승, 28.1톤, 405마력

각종 전쟁에서 전사한 이스라엘 기갑군인들 명단

세계 최초의 탱크 : HOTCHKISS TANK H-39, 2인승, 120마력, 12톤

크기가 현대 승용차 모닝 정도되는듯...

Cromwell Tank Mk III & IV, 5인승, 27.5톤, 600마력