(목요모임) [June 12, 2014]_Thursday Meeting Topic

[Scarlet]

How are you ! Englisholic members !~

Nowadays, so many of you worried about the job market !~

This week we will talk about promising future and following career pathes.

According to the research results, we will face the low chance for the future job market

due to the computeriazaion in many job sector.

However, there are still chances for certain fields with a bright job opportunity.

Let's check out our majoring field or career whether it is safe in the next decades or not.

And why don't we make a plans for our future more strategically !~

Hope you have a great discussion !~

With LUV

Scarlett

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 Useful Words & Phrases

1. do some preliminary research : 사전조사를 하다

2. be back to square one : 원점으로 돌아오다. 

3. be dumbfounded : 기가 막히다. 

4. play cheap(petty) tricks : 잔머리 굴리다. 잔꾀를 부리다. 

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 Small talk materials - 10 New Breakthrough Technologies 2014 | MIT Technology Review

파이 서비스가 종료되어
더이상 콘텐츠를 노출 할 수 없습니다.

자세히보기

Technology news is full of incremental developments, but few of them are true milestones. Here we’re citing 10 that are. These advances from the past year all solve thorny problems or create powerful new ways of using technology. They are breakthroughs that will matter for years to come.

-The Editors-

< Agricultural Drones > Relatively cheap drones with advanced sensors and imaging capabilities are giving farmers new ways to increase yields and reduce crop damage.	< Ultraprivate Smartphones > New models built with security and privacy in mind reflect the Zeitgeist of the Snowden era.	< Brain Mapping > A new map, a decade in the works, shows structures of the brain in far greater detail than ever before, providing neuroscientists with a guide to its immense complexity.
< Neuromorphic Chips > Microprocessors configured more like brains than traditional chips could soon make computers far more astute about what’s going on around them.	< Genome Editing > The ability to create primates with intentional mutations could provide powerful new ways to study complex and genetically baffling brain disorders.	< Microscale 3-D Printing > Inks made from different types of materials, precisely applied, are greatly expanding the kinds of things that can be printed.
< Mobile Collaboration > The smartphone era is finally getting the productivity software it needs.	< Oculus RiftThirty > years after virtual-reality goggles and immersive virtual worlds made their debut, the technology finally seems poised for widespread use.	< Agile Robots > Computer scientists have created machines that have the balance and agility to walk and run across rough and uneven terrain, making them far more useful in navigating human environments.
< Smart Wind and Solar Power > Big data and artificial intelligence are producing ultra-accurate forecasts that will make it feasible to integrate much more renewable energy into the grid.

Article source : http://www.technologyreview.com/featuredstory/526496/ultraprivate-smartphones/

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Questions

Q1. [New Trends]_Have you ever heard about the 10 concepts above ?

Q2. [Describe the details]_What kinds of technology do you use the most these days? What is it?

       What is it used for? Plz tell me about it in as much detail as possible.  

Q3. [Share your experiences]_Plz tell me about the technology you've learned to use most recently.

       What kind of technology was it? How did you learn it? What did you do to be accustomed

       to the technology?

Q4. [Tell the trouble shooting process]_Problems always come up. Tell me about an experience you

       had when your technology was not working properly. What happened?

       How did you solve the problem? Tell me the story in detail.

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 Topic 1: Future economy: Many will lose jobs to computers

John Shinal, Special for USA TODAY 4:52 p.m. EDT March 21, 2014

More and more jobs are likely to be automated - and hence, fewer people will be needed to do them

Want a secure job in the future? Don't compete with software.

[Editor's note: This is the first in a series of New Tech Economy columns called:

Work in the 21st Century, which will appear here once a week in late March and April.]

Workers wanting secure employment in coming decades will need skills

that complement software applications, rather than compete with them.

Those who don't possess such skills face a nearly-50 percent chance of having their occupations replaced by automation, according to two University of Oxford professors who studied technology's impact on employment over the last 500 years.

The career fields seen losing the most jobs include not just relatively low-skilled occupations such as

telemarketing and retail sales, but also high-paying positions now held by accountants, auditors,

budget analysts, technical writers and insurance adjusters, among others.

All of those jobs face at least an 85 percent chance of being automated, say Carl Benedikt Frey and Michael Osborne in their 2013 paper, "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?"

The jobs most at risk all have one thing in common: they're in occupations "mainly consisting of tasks

following well-defined procedures that can easily be performed by sophisticated algorithms," the pair wrote.

Even some highly-educated, technical occupations face relatively bleak chances of seeing growing employment in their field, as ever-smarter computers become better at analyzing massive amounts of data, to support all kinds of business decision-making.

Mathematicians, for example, face a 47 percent chance of seeing their jobs automated, the same percentage for all current occupations as a whole.

But there is a bright side to the new research out of Oxford, especially for those in occupations which software can't yet perform.

The jobs that will persist in the future include those that either take advantage of uniquely-human traits – such as manual dexterity, creativity and emotional intelligence – or that improve the lives of other humans directly in a face-to-face setting.

For example, dentists, nutritionists, athletic trainers, podiatrists, elementary school teachers and occupational, recreational and mental health therapists all have a less than 1 percent chance of being replaced by computer software, say Frey and Osborne. For similar reasons, firefighters have a much lower chance of being replaced by software than pilots, even though the latter have arguably more technical skills.

The first occupation is relatively secure (at least for now) because no computer can yet determine in an instant whether to lead other humans into a deadly blaze or merely spray water on it instead.

Conversely, as drones spread from military to civilian business uses, there will be less of a need for human pilots, despite the quick thinking and bravery their occupation requires.

There's another, less academic way of seeing which occupations are most at risk of automation, of course.

That is to make a survey of industries that have already suffered job losses due to innovation from growing technology companies, then predict where they will innovate next.

Amazon.com CEO Jeff Bezos, for example, has kept his company's sales growing for two decades thanks to rapid, frequent innovation. New ideas such as using so-called server farms -- huge warehouses jammed with Internet servers – have allowed Amazon to compile and analyze large amounts of data on its customers' purchasing habits.

With that knowledge, Amazon has been able to tailor its users' online experiences and suggest similar purchases in the future.

Because of this kind of software-powered automation, sales growth in the books, music and movie businesses has moved online, just as sales of hotel rooms and plane seats are also doing, thanks to flourishing Web travel sites like Priceline.com.

Now that Amazon's Bezos has shown off the first of his planned delivery drones, the writing is on the wall for workers at freight companies such as FedEx and UPS.

Shipping clerks, for example, face a 98 percent chance of seeing their jobs automated, according to the Oxford University researchers.The days of delivery drivers (and cabbies) are also numbered, thanks to Google's driverless cars and other automated vehicles of the future.

Likewise, as new real estate Web sites such as Zillow and Trulia create savvier buyers and sellers, they're reducing the need for professional market expertise. Real estate appraisers and brokers, for example, both face a better-than-85 percent chance of future job losses.

Regardless of their industry, workers of the future should begin learning how to add value that complements software-powered automation, before their jobs are replaced by it.

 Article source ; http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/columnist/2014/03/21/software-tech-economy-work/6707457/

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Questions

Q1. After reading this article, what ideas come into your mind ?

Q2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of "Too much automation of the social system" ?

Q3. From the book "The third industrial revolution : how lateral power is transforming energy,

       the economy, and the world" witten by Jemy Rifkin, author anticipate that  due to the automation

       of various works, people will have more time to do the philosophic debate on various issue like

       "Socrates".

       Do you agree with this opinion ? Can you figure out what will come next as changes 

       after automation?

Q4. What is your job? Do you think your job is safe enough?

       Or your job is at risk to be replaced by the software-powered automation? 

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 Topic 2: Jobs of the future

What will you be doing for a living in 10 years' time? The chances are it won't be what you're doing now,

and it may be something that doesn't yet exist. Ian Wylie looks ahead to 2020

<Some of the Promising jobs of the Future !~ >

Name of job	Definition of the job
Digital architect	Designs a selection of virtual buildings for advertisers and retailers to market their products
Home carer	Helps care for elderly people in their own homes
Elderly well-being consultant	Elderly well-being consultant
Body part maker	Creates living body parts for athletes and soldiers
Nano-medic	Creates very small implants for health monitoring and self-medication
Vertical farmer	Farms crops upwards rather than across flat fields to save space
Waste data handler	Disposes of your data waste in a responsible way
Climate controller	Manages and modifies weather patterns
Avatar manager	Designs and manages holograms of virtual people
Memory augmentation surgeon	Helps preserve and improve memory in an ageing population
Time broker	Handles time banked by customers in lieu of money for goods or services
Personal branding manager	Develops and manages your personal brand
Child designer	Designs offspring that fit parental requirements
Omnipotence delimiter	Reins in our belief that anything is possible and we are all-powerful
Personal medical apothecary	Provides a bespoke range alternative therapies.
Haptic programmer	Develops technology around the science of touch, such as gloves that make your hand feel warm, or wrapped in velvet.

<Best paid jobs, over paid jobs and under paid jobs of today>

Source: Office for National Statistics  

It's January 2020. You've commuted to the office in your titanium flying car, to be greeted by a robotic receptionist. You travelate to your 3D, virtual, interactive desk which pours you a tall decaf and scans the morning's to-do list on to your retina …

Or maybe not. Just as we're still waiting for the paperless office to arrive, the workplace of the foreseeable future will probably still be open-plan, beige and soulless. But according to futurists, trade unionists and human resource specialists, there's a strong chance that in 10 years' time, your job will be very, very different. So, what better time than the start of a new decade to figure out which sectors, industries and jobs are destined for growth?

By 2020, the UK economy will be even more globalised. The transition from fossil fuels to alternative energy will be in full swing. Rapid development in China, India and elsewhere will place huge strain on resources.

The gaming generation will be middle-aged – and virtual services will be the basis for many jobs. There will still be real jobs to be had – but you may have to switch careers to find one.

"Start from the assumption that 2020 will look nothing like now," says Stephanie Bird, director of HR capability at the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development.

"We can't 'future-proof' careers," she says, "but we can 'future-adapt' them." So strap yourself in for our glimpse of the future.

1. Environmental Green jobs are arriving in two breeds: some focused on reducing human environmental impact, others to "greenwash" their organisation's image. But Ian Pearson, a futurist who established BT's futurology practice, recommends caution. "There are some key experiments taking place by organisations such as Nasa and Cern which could turn our thinking on the causes of climate change upside down." Job titles in 2020 Traceability manager Examines global supply chains and checks for suppliers that might be excessively pollutive or carbon-costly to buy from. Cloud controller Buys the planet time – maybe 25 years – in the fight against climate change, by increasing the ability of clouds to reflect solar radiation.	2. Renewable energy Alternative fuels – solar, wind, tidal, hydrogen – are going to be huge, although renewables might also see an influx of workers from the disappearing oil and gas industries. Nuclear too, will return, though a shortage of uranium might spoil that particular party. Job titles in 2020 Hydrogen fuel station manager Produces hydrogen on site, so will need science as well as retail skills. Uranium recycler Converts bomb-grade uranium from warheads into low-enriched uranium for use in nuclear power plants.
3. Advanced manufacturing The next decade will see the return of manufacturing in Britain, forecasts Tim Page, senior policy officer at the TUC. "The UK will identify niche sectors of manufacturing that are highly skilled and knowledge-intensive," he says, pointing to the government's recently announced strategy on composite materials as an example of the kind of state intervention needed to make it happen. Job titles in 2020 Mechatronical engineer Combines mechanical engineering, electronics, controls engineering and computers into the product design process. Metal skin consultant Manufactures self-healing composite materials for use on aircraft, ships and spacecraft.	4. Augmented reality When the internet, video gaming and 3D TV collide with the real world. "In just a few years' time, video visor extensions to your Bluetooth earpiece will give you a full 3D overlay of the high street you're walking down," says Pearson. "It will merge everything you can find on the web and all you can do on a computer game with everything you can do in the real world." Job titles in 2020 Digital architect Designs a range of virtual buildings for advertisers to market their products and services. Avatar design-security consultant Designs, creates and protects the virtual you.
5. Robots and artificial intelligence With search engines already guessing what we want almost before we ask, artificial intelligence will eliminate and transform many jobs by 2020. "We've just seen the NHS unveil a system that can predict the probability of a patient developing cancer," says Pearson. "Robots will take over the high-precision, high-value surgery, leaving surgeons redundant." Job titles in 2020 Personal bot mechanic Domestic assistants will work 24/7, but will still need the occasional tune-up. Powered exoskeleton engineer Designs wearable robots that assist and protect soldiers, construction and rescue workers or other people working in dangerous environments.	6. Business In the wake of the financial crisis, business will seek to build on more solid foundations, Page predicts. And "entrepreneurs" – an "overused word for a tired stratagem of creating a company, jumping through venture capital hoops and cashing out", says American futurist and author Faith Popcorn – will receive a long-overdue makeover. Job titles in 2020 Simplicity consultant Simplifies and streamlines processes, technologies and branding in an organisation. LocaPreneur Starts up a local bank, makes local cosmetics or soft drinks that are able to compete head-to-head with the big corporations that no one trusts any more.
7. Nanotech and biotech This could be the decade we witness an explosion of technological advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive science, collectively known as NBIC. As these fields expand and converge, opportunities will arise to reprogram our bodies' "software", extending life, reducing deaths and alleviating poverty. Job titles in 2020 Bioinformationist Scientist who marries genetic information with drug development and clinical techniques. Geomicrobiologist Pieces together bits of geology, environmental science and microbiology to figure how micro-organisms might help make new medicine or clean up pollution.	8. Social services Our ageing populations are already generating booms in home healthcare and nursing homes. But expect the growth to come at the sharp end of social services – nurses and carers – rather than in admin roles. Job titles in 2020 Experimental therapist Connects patients with new and emerging treatments and navigates them through the maze of patient services. Home companion-caretaker Enables people to stay in their homes and live with dignity.
9. Education As future-proof a sector as exists, with schools, universities and private providers expanding to keep pace with the accelerating need to train and retrain. Job titles in 2020 Online education broker Tailors a bespoke learning package for the client, dovetailing relevant modules from courses and syllabuses around the world. Space tour guide With Virgin Galactic planning commercial flights from 2011, space tourists will need cosmic enthusiasts to shed light on all that darkness.	10. Food The demand for organic, healthy, locally sourced food will continue to increase. But since sustainable agriculture is all about small-scale methods rather than big machines and fertilisers, the world will need more, not fewer agricultural workers – up to tens of millions of them, according to journalist and food guru Michael Pollan. Job titles in 2020 Farmer Agricultural entrepreneur as skilled in genetics as in marketing. Personal food shopper Enables clients to hit their recommended daily allowance targets for nutritional balance, food-miles and organic sourcing.

… and careers that could be at risk in 2020

If your current job relies purely on intellect and knowledge, assume that you won't be getting paid to do it by the end of this decade, warns Pearson. "It's the human side of your job – that's where you will still be able to add value."

• Hospital consultant Consultants can be replaced by a robot, but nurses can't, says Pearson. Nurses are making a huge mistake if they swap the most valuable part of their job, caring for the patient, in some misguided attempt to become more "professional", and effectively, cheap doctors.
• Shop assistant Will decline gradually as online shopping continues to grow and existing stores install self-service scanners and robotic shelf stackers.
• Union organiser Will become surplus to requirements unless unions arrest the trend of membership decline, and adapt to the needs of workers in knowledge, science and technology sectors.
• Construction worker "3D printing" techniques, in which solid objects can be constructed automatically from computer models, will enable buildings to be erected in a matter of hours.
• Soldier Why send men and women into combat when you can send a machine? The growing use of unmanned combat air vehicles suggest the job of fighter pilot may be the first to go.

But some jobs never go out of style …

• Lawyers While much of the knowledge side of the law can be automated, there will always be a need for lawyers with persuasive people skills to sway judges and juries, particularly in the growing areas of patent and intellectual property law.
• Politician OK, so some of them fiddle their expenses, but we'll never rid ourselves of the need to be governed and led.
• Writers The days of journalism (as we know it) may be numbered, but someone needs to write technical manuals for all these bots, rocket ships, prostheses and enhancements: all of these are new or evolving technologies, and none of them is exactly simple and self-explanatory. Someone needs to be there to write the manuals for these products, and that person could be you.
• Artists and entertainers The impact of CGI on actors presents some risk, but art will continue to change and evolve with technology, not disappear.
• Undertakers, prostitutes, tax collectors, religious leaders Because life, and death, go on.

Article Source : http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/9892011/10-well-paid-jobs-of-the-future.html#source=refresh

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Questions

Q1. What did you want to be when you were a child? Do you change your future job? 

      What do you want to be in the future? After reading this article, do you want to change your

      dicision for your job?

Q2.  From the article, It was said that "It's the human side of your job – that's where you will still

       be able to add value." Do you think your job is something to do with human side affairs?

       Or is it a just based on the knowled-oriented job that can be easily substituted by the machine?

Q3. Among the many job lists, plz rank the name of occupations according to your preperence.

Q4. From the  article, there will be not human being but machines in combat in the future like

       "IRONMAN 2". In the case of war between nations with machine and without machine,

        we can tell who the winner is. In this case, country with much wealth will be the winner. 

       Do you think what is better choice for our society?

       The War with machine soilder or human soilder?

Q5. Nowadays, we have just entered the aging society. And that's why we can find various

       health or personal care related to the old generations and each individual in the future job lists.

      For your old days, did you prepare any speacial plans such as a private pension system ?