동적 수축(dynamic contraction)
等張性收縮, iso tonic contraction
等速性收縮, iso kinetic contraction
정적 수축( Static contraction)
等尺性收縮, iso metric contraction
Isotonic exerciseIn an isotonic contraction, tension rises and the jugular muscle's length changes. Lifting an object off a desk, walking, and running involve isotonic contractions. There are two types of isotonic contractions: (1) concentric and (2) eccentric. In a concentric contraction, the muscle tension exceeds the resistance and the muscle shortens. In eccentric, the muscle lengthens due to force greater than which the muscle can produce. ConcentricThis type is typical of most exercise. The external force on the muscle is less than the force the muscle is generating - a shortening contraction. The effect is visible during the classic bicep curl. EccentricThere are two main features to note regarding eccentric contractions. First, the absolute tensions achieved are very high relative to the muscle's maximum tetanic tension generating capacity (you can set down a much heavier object than you can lift). Second, the absolute tension is relatively independent of lengthening velocity. This suggests that skeletal muscles are very resistant to lengthening. Muscle injury and soreness are selectively associated with eccentric contraction (Frid?n et al. 1984; Evans et al. 1985; Frid?n and Lieber, 1992). However, muscle strengthening may be greatest using exercises that involve eccentric contractions.
Isometric exercise Isometric exercise or "isometrics" are a type of strength training in which the joint angle and muscle length do not change during contraction (compared to concentric or eccentric contractions, called isotonic movements). Isometrics are done in static positions, rather than being dynamic through a range of motion. The joint and muscle are either worked against an immovable force(overcoming isometric) or are held in a static position while opposed by resistance (yielding isometric).
Isometric exercise is a form of exercise involving the static contraction of a muscle without any visible movement in the angle of the joint. This is reflected in the name; the term "isometric" combines the prefix "iso" (same) with "metric" (distance), meaning that in these exercises the length of the muscle does not change,[1] as compared to isotonic contractions ("tonus" means "strain" in Latin) in which the contraction strength does not change but the joint angle does.
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