현재진행형보다는 객관적 서술(more impersonal than the continuous)
I am leaving tonight.(떠나기로 결심함) I leave tonight.(계획의 일부)
현재진행형보다는 formal함(more formal than the continuous)
Our new branch opens next week.
습관적 행동은 현재형을 씀(이때는 진행형으로 대치하지 못함)
My train leaves at six.
의지미래(future with intention, will/be going to)
will + 동사의 원형: 결정 순간의 의지를 나타냄
A: The phone is ringing. B: I'll answer it.
I'll have cress soup and steak, please. (식당에서 주문할 경우 즉석에서 정하므로 미래형을 씀, 아래의 예와 비교)
be going to: 이미 결정된 행위를 나타냄. 이때 will은 못씀. 위의 상황에서 다른 친구가 동참하여, What are you having?하고 물으면,
I am having/going to have cress soup and steak.
단순미래(future without intention): 현재진행형(2,3인칭에서 의지를 나타내지 않으며, 1인칭에서는 의지를 암시한다.)
가까운 미래의 예정(definite arrangement in the near future)
I am taking an exam in October. Bob and Bill are meeting tonight.
이동을 나타내는 동사는 현재진행형이 미래를 대신한다(with verbs of movement from one place to another)
I am leaving tonight.(확정된 약속이 없음)
cf. 진행형을 쓰지 못하는 동사
They will be there tomorrow. We will think it over.
TOM: Would you like to come to the opera tonight? ANN: I'd love to. Shall I meet you there? TOM: No, I'll call for you. About seven? ANN: OK.
Later, Ann, telling a friend about this plan, will say:
Tom is taking/is going to take me to the opra tonight. He's calling/is going to call for me at seven.
the future tense(will/tense)
1인칭 will, shall
will(의지미래) I will wait for you. shall(단순미래) We shall know the result next week. I shall see Tom tomorrow.(학교에 가면 만날 수 있음)
대화에서는 shall 대신 will을 쓰는데, I will see Tom tomorrow는 의지가 들어 있으므로, I'll be seeing Tom tomorrow로 대신한다. 그러나 의문문에서 아직도 shall을 쓴다. Shall we take a taxi?(제안) What shall I do with your mail?(요청) Where shall we be this time next year?(생각)
약속의 shall(determination, promise)
You shall have a sweet. We shall win. I shall be there, I promise you.(will도 가능함)
미래시제의 용법
미래에 대한 화자의 의견 또는 가정
We will find them at the hotel. They'll (probably) wait for us.
미래의 습관적 행위
Spring will come again. Birds will build nests.
(조건, 시간, 목적을 나타내는) 부사절
If I drop this glass, it will break. I'm putting this letter on top of the file so that he'll read it first. When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt.
I/we will: 의도
I'll wait for you.
won't
I've invited him but he won't come. (He refuses to come/I don't think he'll come.
will vs. want/wish/would like
will: an intention + a decision want/wish/would like: a desire
I'd like: I'll have/take의 대용으로 자주 쓰임. I'd like/I'll have cress soup please. Would you like a drink?/Will you have a drink?