4/22)COSMIC CODE (YIJING / I Ching): Science of Divination and Art of Philosophy

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COSMIC CODE (YIJING / I Ching): Science of Divination and Art of Philosophy

"Philosophy is written in this grand book - I mean universe - which stands continuously open to our gaze, but which cannot be understood unless one first learns to comprehend the language in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and its characters are triangles, circles and other geometric figures, without which it is humanly impossible to understand a single word of it; without these, one is wandering about in a dark labyrinth." - Galileo (1623)

 

Big Bang

Is this the “Mother of all Explosions” ?

Is the Universe a fractal ?

As Science progresses it is confounded by the fractal nature of its environment and even the reticulate fractal systems of our internal system (bronchi) and everything that are seemingly chaotic are explainable by fractal mathematics discovered by Mandelbrot(Set). As you become fractally aware, you will be astounded by the fractal nature of all naturally occurring phenomena in sunflowers, rivers, mountains, coastlines and branches in trees and veins in leaves.

As Galileo has postulated, the universe, if we are able to decipher what it means, in terms of its greatness, its godliness, its incomprehensible and chaotic nature, we have to be able understand the language it is written in and the language is “Mathematics”  and its character are triangle, circles and geometric figures which in turns lead us to the metaphysical world of  “sacred geometry”.

As the field of “metaphysics” and “quantum science”  meets, we rediscovered an even more ancient metaphysical language that help us decipher the cosmic code in the East called YiJing(I Ching) and its character is in the form binary code, which is the language of our modern computer.

The language of “zero & one” or “on & off” or “Yin & Yang”  is also the building blocks of triangles circles and geometric figures which we find in “sacred geometry” and as the geometry is the basis for the formation of  “Visica Picis” , “Seed of Life” , “Flower of Life” , “Fruit of Life”.

Links :  - Fractal Wisdom

Both DNA and I Ching describe reality. With DNA Western scientists have gone so deep into the matter that they found a level that was expressing life in a way men could understand how it works.

Thousands of years ago Chinese philosophy found a metaphysical and magical instrument, the I Ching, that also describes life. Western scientist zoomed in and Chinese philosophy zoomed out.

There is still a lot of work to be done to join these 2 different ways of looking at reality.  But Chinese Medicine and Western science have a common structure at the basis of their systems. I will end with a quotation of Ken Wilber, a Western philosopher who already wrote about the bridge between Western and Eastern culture. From his book Paradigm Wars:     “The world has got do what the world has got to do. Just we had to farm the physical – by learning agriculture and then industry – before we could collectively move to the mental, so now we have to farm the mental – information and computers and technology – before we go beyond it to the spiritual. All in its own time. Frankly I think the world is moving along at a handsome clip”.

Used literature:

The I Ching or Book of Changes by Richard Wilhelm and Cay F. Baynes

DNA and the I Ching – Tao of life by Johnson F.Yan

The I Ching & the Genetic Code – The hidden code to life by Dr. Martin Schonberger

Yi Jing by Wu Jing-Nuan

Tao of chaos by Katya Walters

Paradigm Wars by Ken Wilber

Mandate of Heaven by Steve Marshall

Frank Roosen from Tilburg, the Netherlands May 2007

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The cosmic code of the Book of Change (Yijing / I-Ching) was recorded by simple-minded ancients, who observed the integrity of all aspects of life, discovered the laws behind the diversity of nature, and created a way of harmonious living with nature. Nature was their teacher. By embracing the patterns of nature in the center, their philosophy, they were able to make their lives predictable. Once the center is found, completeness is accomplished.

The fundamental principles of the Yijing have guided philosophers, politicians, mystics, alchemists, diviners, scientists, and mathematicians. 

“The process on earth-blossom and fruit, growth and decay can be calculated if we know the laws of change, we can precalculate in regard to it…The future likewise develops in accordance with calculated numbers. If these numbers are known, future events can be calculated with perfect certainty.” –Shao Yong

The main idea of the Yijing is to be firm in yielding the mind. The Yijing reveals the science of divination and the art of philosophy through an intricate mathematical cosmology that forges astrology and geomancy into the heart (which governs the body, expresses through the face, and projects through the palm) of humanity, which learns to understand the truth of reality. The cosmic code of the Yijing oracle reveals prophetic messages, which guides humanity back to divinity by following the way (truth) of nature (neidan).

?         Divination: to reveal the laws of the movement of nature in order to shape fate

?         Philosophy: to know the way of transformation into the divine

The unchanging truth of heaven is that everything under it changes.

The Yijing is discussed in terms of history, systems, mathematics, fundamental concepts, sixty-four hexagrams, coin and yarrow stick methods of hexagram divination, plum blossom numerology, astrology, and the genetic code.

MATHEMATICS:

Yijing mathematical principles are thought of as the key to the universe, or the forces that control the patterns of heaven and earth. Today, Yijingmathematics is verbatim with the binary system.

Since prediction and calculation have the same meaning in Chinese (suan), they did not distinguish between numerology and mathematics. (see ‘cosmology' section)

Binary System:

·            Same mathematical system is expressed in the structural variation of the genetic code

·            Gottfried Wilhelm Liebnitz (17^th c.CE): father of calculus, discovered the binary system from Father Joachin Bouvet, a Jesuit priest in China, who introduced Fu Xi's Early Heaven Array of the 64 hexagrams

·            Same mathematical system which is the basis of computer language

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS:

The fundamental concepts of the Yijing identify the karmic parameters of spiritual cultivation.

1)  The hexagrams evolved from the primal forces of yin and yang, derived from the Universal Creative manifesting itself.

2)  The hexagrams symbolically represent all possible situations and conditions relating to human, animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms.

3)  The hexagrams can, with proper understanding and interpretation, be used for any matter a man can think of.

4)  The basic laws and patterns of the Universal Creative are in, or are generated by the Former Heaven Sequence of trigrams.

5)  The basic laws and patterns are made manifest in the universe in accordance with the Later Heaven Sequence of trigrams.

6)  Heaven, Man and Earth are coequal partners in the spiritual development of man through his experiences.

7)  The influences of Heaven and Earth are always fixed and predictable (from human's realm of perception). This is the revelation of the hexagrams.

8)  Man has free will: freedom of choice in what he thinks, does, or says.

9)  Predictions pertain to the material realm in accordance with natural laws. Since man has free will, which operates in the spiritual realm, predictions can be modified.

10)  Astrological forecasts can be modified by karma and one's free will.

11)  Karma returns to the originator in Universal Time. It often overrides free will in the material realm.

12)  Karma is not inevitable. Man can develop himself mentally and enter the realm of spirit through refinement and purification. The realm of spirit overrides and supersedes the material realm in which karma operates.

13)  Man manifests divine will when he works in harmony with nature (the laws of heaven and earth).

14)  Man progresses spiritually as he further discerns the laws of heaven and earth, and consciously uses them.

15)  The Yijing is a fundamental guide for spiritual development.

16)  Auspiciousness can be increased through spiritual cultivation according to the observation of lessons learned from the cycles of hexagrams which repeat throughout life. In other words, man does best for himself when acting selflessly, and acting in harmony with the laws of heaven and earth.

17)  There are no measurable changes in the laws of heaven and earth during an individual’s lifetime. Therefore, the laws affecting an individual at the moment of birth are the laws governing the individual's life.

18)  The influences existing at the time of birth are time, space, and the relative positions of everything in the universe at that moment. (In Yijing astrology, the sun is the most important factor.)

19)  An individual’s choice to enter life at a particular moment (birth) is an exercise of free will.

20)  People born in the same place at the same moment are referred to as 'time twins.'

21)  Only the individual knows him or herself best. This is part of the individual's freedom.

SIXTY-FOUR HEXAGRAMS: Patterns of Change

The transformation patterns of the sixty-four hexagrams are indicated by their logarithmic  evolution, timeless hexagrams, line representations, trigram representations, sources of interpretation, and hexagram interpretation.

Evolution: Pyramid Unfolding (see also ‘Cosmology')

The complexity of the Yijing symbols unfolds at an exponential rate (logarithm 2). Log 2 is used because 2 refers to the duality (liangyi) within unity. If the exponents are spheres, their exponential sequence forms a pyramid, which reflects Confucian hierarchy, and a quantitative existence.

2⁰  → 2¹ → 2² → 2³ → 2⁶   

REPRESENTATIONS FOR LOG2
Log2	Symbol	Dimensional Representation
(20=1)	Universal Creative: Great Absolute (taiyi)	Point
(21=2)	Two Forms (liangyi: yin-yang)	Line
(22=4)	Four Symbols: Digrams; Five Elements (sixiang; wuxing)	Plane: xy grid
(23=8)	Eight Trigrams (bagua)	Cube or sphere: xyz grid
(26=64)	Sixty-four Hexagrams	Space and Time

Algebraically: (a = yang; b = yin); (see fig. )

2 = (a + b)

1) taiyi: (a + b)⁰  = 1

2) liangyi: (a + b)¹ = a + b

3) sixiang: (a + b)² = a² ab + ba + b²

4) bagua: (a + b)³ = (a² + ab + ba + b²) + (a + b) = (a³ + 3a²b + 3ab² + b³)

= a³ + a²b + a²b + a²b + ab² + ab² + ab² + b³

5) 64 hexagrams: (a + b)⁶ = a⁶ + 6a⁵b + 15a⁴b² + 20a³b³ + 15a²b⁴ + 6ab⁵ + b⁶

Evolutionary Representations:

·         Symbol (xiang): liangyi, sixiang, bagua

·         Philosophy (li): accurate forecasting based on the hexagram images, judgments, and commentaries generated by its contributors

·         Number (shu): binary; log 2

Yijing Schools:

·         Nili jia (Han Dynasty): emphasized li

·         Xiangshu jia (Song Dynasty): researched trigrams and hexagrams and found relationships between mathematical symbol and philosophy; emphasized xiang, shu, and li

·         Daojia: used Yijing principles to explain and direct meditation (neidan)

·         Chanpu jia: used Yijing principles for divination (predicting the future)

Timeless Hexagrams: Polar Opposite Hexagrams

Timeless hexagrams, or polar opposite hexagrams, establish an axis-grid that distinguishes each hexagram by quadrant. The cardinal hexagrams mimic the cardinal trigrams of the early heaven sequence. Thus, the quadrants established by the timeless hexagrams determine the each hexagram’s location according to the four phases of energy.

1)   Heaven (S): Qian

2)   Earth (N): Kun

29)  The Abyss/Mastering Pitfalls (W): Kan

30)  Fire (E): Li

Yao Representations: Place of Line

The place where a line is positioned within a symbol (ie. liangyi, sixiang, bagua) is a yao. Line representations are interpreted primarily according to their numerological sequence in the given hexagram. Distinctions can be made as trigram lines, hexagram lines, most favorable lines, line actions, ruling line, outside lines, or line correspondence.

YAO REPRESENTATIONS OF A HEXAGRAM
Yao	Society	Human Body	Human Face	Space-Time
1	Masses	Feet, lower leg	Chin	Length
2	Technicians, scientists, skilled workers	Thighs	Cheek	Width
3	Bureaucrats, politicians, administrators	Hips, lower abdomen	Nose	Height
4	Ministers, advisors	Upper abdomen	Ear	Past
5	Leader	Chest	Eye	Present
6	Sage, saint	Neck, head	Forehead	Future

Yin and Yang Lines:

Quality:

·            Continuous: yang

·            Broken: yin

Number from bottom (inside):

·            Odd numbered lines: yang

·            Even numbered lines: yin

Most Favorable Lines:

·            Lines 2 and 5 (rulers)

·            Line 5 < 2 < 4 < 1 < 3 < 6

·             

Line Actions:

·            Occur from bottom to top

·            Principle Action: lines 2, 3, 4 and 5

·             

Ruling Line:

·            Line 5

·            Single yang or yin line amongst 5 lines of opposite polarity

Outside Lines:

·            Line 1: considerations before the activity can commence

·            Line 6: decline after the peak of activity

·             

Line Correspondence:

·            1 ≫ 4 (minister)

·            2 ≫ 5 (ruler)

·            3 ≫ 6

·            Favorable: if upper of two corresponding lines is yang and lower is yin; man leading woman

·            Neutral: if corresponding lines have same polarity

·            Unfavorable: upper line is yin while lower is yang

·             

Trigram Lines:

·            Lower: earth

·            Middle: man

·            Upper: heaven

·             

Hexagram Lines:

·            Lines 1 and 2: earth

·            Lines 3 and 4: man

·            Lines 5 and 6: heaven

·             

·             

Trigram Representations:

A hexagram consists of 2 primary and 2 nuclear trigrams that overlap.

Primary Trigrams:

·            Upper: lines 4, 5, 6

·            Lower: lines 1, 2, 3

·             

Nuclear Trigrams:

·            Upper: lines 3, 4, 5

·            Lower: lines 2, 3, 4

Sources of Interpretation:

Sources of hexagram and line interpretations sprout from indigenous Confucian sociological ideology and Taoist natural philosophy and alchemical practicum.

Hexagram:

·            C: Confucius: Humanity (man in the world of man); trigram imagery

·            L: Liu Yiming, Translation: Ecology (man in the world of nature)

·            E: Liu Yiming, Explantion (Thomas Cleary's paraphrase): Spiritual Alchemy (man in the world of heaven, Tao)

·             

Lines:

·            L: Liu Yiming Translation

·            E: Explanation (my paraphrase of Thomas Cleary’s translation of Liu Yiming's explanation)

Hexagram Interpretations: 1-64

Odd hexagrams are heavenly following their source from Qian, while even hexagrams are earthly following their source from Kun.

Lotus Space ... 2005

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Modern Scientific Interpretation of Evolution & Cosmology

Fig 32: Comparison of the evolution of the universe from the big bang and the evolution of life on Earth shows that life has existed for a full third of the universes lifetime and is a long-term, stable feature of cosmic evolution. Astronomical events, such as asteroid and cometary impacts and nearby supernovae have always played amajor role in causing mass extinctions accompanied by volcanism possibly as a secondary consequence of the impacts themselves. However the advent of so-called human civilization is threatening in the next century to cause a mass extinction more serious than the cretaceous-tertiary event that wiped out the dinosaurs. Theprocess is caused both by direct impacts such as deforestation and habitat destruction and by genetically modifying the very species upon which we depend withoutconserving their naturally viable forms, so that our future becomes brittle and fragile, dependent on maintaining artificial growing environments and high-tech food distribution processes which would be disabled globally by the slightest of astronomical disturbances, leading directly towards human extinction. For a single species to cause a mass extinction of life's diversity, possibly lasting 10million years in one century is thus terminal folly. It is compounded by the ever increasing value biological resources have in the genetic epoch. There is thus a paramount need for us to rediscover our relationship with the cosmos and to take the responsibility to regenerate genetic and biological diversity to sustain our own future generations.

 

Links:  Beyond Darwin  - 1    2

Human Family Tree - 10 Adams, 18 Eves

Links:

Earth's Timeline

Cyclology

BioCosmology

Mandelbrot Set

Biology of Belief

Biological Chip In Our Cells

Living Internet Inside Us

 http://www.nyior.com/acupuncturenewyork-www/Articles/Math_Iching.htm

I Ching and the Binary Numeric System

The title “I Ching” implies three meanings:
1] Simplicity – the fundamental law underlying everything in the universe is plain and simple no matter how complex it may appear to be.
2] Transformation – everything in the universe is continually changing.
3] Persistence – a fundamental principle, a law that does not vary or change in space and time. 

There is no documentation on the history of the I Ching. It is known that ancient Chinese scientists and scholars investigated the phenomena in the universe and discovered a commonality of laws and patterns governing all aspects of life. The origins of the I Ching was born from the desire to deduce the future based on knowledge of the natural operation of these laws and patterns which could be determined and predicted objectively.

These laws and patterns were recorded symbolically in a series of solid or broken lines. These solid and broken lines represent the primal energies of qi and the Yin/Yang. The broken line represents the Yin force and the solid represents the Yang force. The basic symbolic unit is a trigram, a combination of the three solid or broken lines. There are eight basic trigrams. By combining two trigrams the hexagram is formed, the total combinations possible is 64. These lines, trigrams, and hexagrams symbolize the forces of action and change and all the phenomena of the universe.

Tradition credits the inventor of the trigrams to Fu Xi, the first of Three Sovereigns who were said to be god-kings or demigods and used their magical powers to improve the lives of their people. It is said that he discovered these symbols carved on the back of a turtle. In ancient China, there was a huge flood. The people tried to offer some sacrifice to the river god of one of the flooding rivers, the Lo River, to calm his anger. Then, there emerged from the water a turtle with a curious figure/pattern on its shell; circular dots of numbers were arranged in a three by three nine-grid pattern such that the sum of the numbers in each row, column and diagonal was the same: 15. This 3x3 pattern later came to be known as a "magic square".

I Ching and the Binary Numeric System

The combination of solid and broke lines forming the trigrams and hexagrams corresponds to the binary system of arithmetic, the same system used in computer programming. This mathematical interpretation was discovered by German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646-1716) who was the inventor of base-two, or binary arithmetic.

“Leibnitz believed that his mathematical system demonstrated God’s existence: All combinations arise from the Creator and nothing. In other words, God creates everything from nothing. Leibnitz was corresponding with a Jesuit missionary in China, Father Joachim Bouvet at the time. In1701, hoping to entice the Chinese to accept Christianity with his mystical calculations, Leibnitz sent Bouvet a copy of his published work on binary arithmetic. Bouvet recognized a connection between Leibnitz’s system and the I Ching’s symbols and sent him a circular arrangement of the hexagrams composed by Song dynasty philosopher Shao Yong. Remarkably, Yong’s arrangement was a mirror image of Liebnitz’s base-two system from 0 to 63.”[1]

Yin (broken line) = 0
Yang (solid line) = 1

Following the rules of binary arithmetic and reading the trigrams from the bottom line up:
yin/yin/yang = 001 or binary number one
yin/yang/yin = 010 or binary number 2
yin/yang/yang – 011 or binary number 3, etc...

Shao Yang believed “The Supreme Ultimate is a unity which does not move. It produces a duality, and this duality is spirituality. Spirituality produces numbers, the numbers produce emblems (symbols), and the emblems produce implements (things).” [1]

Scholars who have studied the I Ching have discovered similar laws in the science of the Mayan people [2] and in present day physics [3].

[1] The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Feng Shui, Elizabeth Moran and Val Biktashev, Alpha Books, Macmillan Co., NY, pg. 77.
[2] The Mayan Factor - Path Beyond Technology, Jose Arguelles, Bear & Company, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
[3] The Tao of Physics, Fritjof Capra, 3rd ed., Shambhala Publications Inc., Boston.

http://www.miyokographix.com/iching.html

Binary and Octal Numbers 
Ba Gua and Yi Jing Numbers
Yi Jing Page

Chinese Yi Jing [I Ching] employs binary and octal numbering systems.Here is brief description of the binary and octal numbers.

---

In binary numbering system, 2 possible numbers can be expressed with "one binary digit" :0
1Of course, it is entirely arbitrary to adopt "0" and "1" as the symbols for these two possible numbers. In Yi Jing, we use "broken line" and "solid line" to represent the two numbers 0 and 1 respectively - like this:

0
1
In English, the name of the symbol "0" is "zero", and the name of the symbol "1" is "one." In Ba Gua, the name of the symbol "0" in "ying", and the name of the symbol is "yang." Furthermore, instead of calling these two symols "zero" and "one", we may choose to call them "one" and "two", which we often do when we speak of these as part of "digital numbers."

---

Using two binary digits, there are 4 possible numbers:00
01
10
11The Yi Jing symbol representations are:

00
01
10
11

The two binary numbers are place horizontally and should be read from left to right.
The Bagua numbers are placed on a vertical line, and should be read from bottom up

---

Going up to three binary digits, there are 8 possible numbers:000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111These 8 numbers can be expressed in decimal system. We may choose to use these 8 numbers to represent 0 to 7; or to repsent 1 to 8. See below:000 0  1
001 1  2
010 2  3
011 3  4
100 4  5
101 5  6
110 6  7
111 7  8

Binary	Digital		Yi Jing symbol	Ba Gua Name
000	0	1		kun1
001	1	2		gen4
010	2	3		kan3
011	3	4		sun4
100	4	5		zhen
101	5	6		li2
110	6	7		dui1
111	7	8		qian2

This is what modern mathematicians call the "octal numbers" and Yi Jing calls "Ba Gua."

Both words, "octal" and "Ba", stand for 8.

---

---

Finally, 8 times 8 equals 64. 
This requires either 6-digit binary numbers, or 2-digit octal numbers.As it turns out, 6 binary digit numbers are awkward to use. So we use two-digit octal numbers in Yi Jing (Ba Gua).Instead of writing a long list of 64 numbers, it is better to put the numbers in a square with 8 x 8 = 64 cells.The row number represents one octal number, and the column number represents one octal number.

		u p p e r
l o w e r		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
		9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
		17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
		25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
		33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40
		41	42	43	44	45	46	47	48
		49	50	51	52	53	54	55	56
		57	58	59	60	61	62	63	64

http://www.chinapage.com/classic/iching/binary.html

¹ (I-Ching : Book of Changes)

		¹퇱 (I-Ching or Book of Changes) is an ancient scripture about natural phenomena and subsequently used for divination. It is now shrouded in mystery mainly because most people pay attention only to those part involving supernatural believe, which helps them to seek fortune and to avoid mis-fortune by randomly picking some sticks and attaching them to some meanings. The followings is an attempt to re-introduce the aspect on the philosophical thinking. It is a good example of the holistic approach to understand the nature and things - the opposition to reductionism so predominant in modern science.
Figure 01 I-Ching, Authors [view large image]	Figure 02 The 64 Trigrams  [view large image]

Similar to all academic endeavors, The content in I-Ching is the collective wisdom over many years by many individuals. It is usually only a few or just one of them who would organize all the knowledge into one whole piece. I-Ching is no different in this respect. There are three main contributors quoted up and down the Chinese history.

The Legendary Fu Xi (ρ역 , ~ 3000 BCE) - He is reputed to be the very original ancestor of all Chinese, who not only introduced fire, tools and hunting, ... etc but also retained a serpent tail in the lower half of his body. I-Ching is just one of his inventions based on the desire to understand the natural environment. He envisioned an empty cosmos in the very beginning (can be considered as 20 in binary), the sky and earth emerged from this nothingness forming the Ying/Yang (낢/때) and the opposition of everything (hence 21, the middle circle inside the big circle in Figure 01). With the four seasons in mind, he further expanded the idea to 4 symbols (the binary now becomes 22, as shown by the second ring in Figure 01). It was not too difficult to encompass the eight directions as well (which are represented by the first ring in Figure 01, and the binary number is just 23). It is clear from the above scenario that I-Ching was conceived purely by observation of the nature. Emperor Zhou-Man (쯕ㅵㆍ , ~ 1300 BCE) - He further developed the number of symbols to 64 = 26and added meaning to each symbols. That was when divination was introduced into the I-Ching. These symbols are shown in Figure 02 in a tablet form (the numerals denote the actual sequence). He invented this system while being locked up in jail for eight years by a wicked king. Confucius (ㅥ쨖, ~ 500 BCE) - He made further interpretation into the symbols with his own brand of moral values. Another sage in the same period actually had the wisdom to observe that "Those who know I-Ching would not do divination" (�쨖좬죣돕¹ぬㄳ짺죥).

The philosophical implication of I-Ching has been explored over the next 2000 years by many scholars. The followings are the essence established by their investigations.


• Change - The trajectory of events can take different forms. It can be very regular like the day light hours in the cycle of four seasons, or can be very irregular such as the bull/bear market in stock exchange. But the essential feature is its changing value and the pattern of up and down as shown by the sine curve in Figure 03.

Unchange - There are patterns of events such as the four seasons cycles that never change, so is the laws of nature (the blue straight line in Figure 03), or to be more specific - the philosophy of I-Ching. Actually, unchange can be found among the changing. For example, the sequence of the event can be unchanged; such as Spring inevitably comes after Winter. Conversely, change could be found among unchange. Using the four seasons again as an example, Spring may come early or late if temperature is used as the gauge. At the end, the "change/unchage" perspective really depends on the "point of view".

Figure 03 I-Ching Patterns [view large image]

Ying/Yang (or Opposition) - This is just a corollary of the cyclic change, which implies up must accompany with down, winter is opposite to summer ... etc.

• Application - The I-Ching pattern in Figure 03 can be applied to a variety of situations as shown by Table 01 below. The time scale is very flexible depending on different events or (evolution of) system, while the vertical scale is very qualitative without a numerical grid.

Event/System	Category	Pattern	High Level	Time Scale
Four Seasons	Nature	Regular cycles	Summer	1 year cycle
Stock Exchange	Financial	Irregular cycles	Tops of bull market	Years
Global Climate	Geology	Irregular cycles	Warming periods	Millions of years
Stellar Evolution	Astronomy	1 cycle	Main sequence phase	Billions of years
Life Span (Human)	Biology	1 cycle	~ 25 years old	Tens of years
Dynasty	History	1 cycle	Zenith of prosperity	Hundreds of years
Scientific Theories	Physics	Almost constant, subjected to modification	N/A	Close to eternity
I-Ching	Philosophy	Near constant, subjected to interpretations	N/A	Eternity in some aspects
Pythagorean Theroem	Mathematics	Constant	N/A	Eternity

Table 01 I-Ching Patterns

		Table 01 shows that I-Ching covers a variety fields in a few patterns. While its applicability seems to be unlimited, it fails to provide further detail or insight into the events or systems. Modern holistic method uses non-linear equations to link together many parts such as in the world model (Figure 04), in which many causes (constructive as well as destructive) are considered together via the logistic equations to predict the state of world in the next 200 years. The picture derived from this way is still very general providing only a rough estimate. The methods of reductionism have to be employed to look into the components inside the crude perception in our daily experience. For example, the DNA sequence can be derived only by combining the knowledge from chemistry, biology, and physics (Figure 05). This elaborate way is very
Figure 04 World Model[view large image]	Figure 05 DNA Sequencing [view large image]	different from the general view of I-Ching. It is not a matter of better or worse - it is just different ways of thinking in different circumstances.

^¶ Turn on the Traditional Chinese (Big 5) encoding in the browser to view the Chinese characters in this page.

http://universe-review.ca/R00-00-IChing.htm