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(2014.6.10.) LONDON (AFP)
[1] A Russian supercomputer posing as a 13-year-old boy has convinced

judges that is human, becoming the first to pass the "Turing Test"

in a historic moment in aritficial intelligene, British scientists

said.

[2] The computer became the first in the world to be mistaken for a

real person more than 30 percent of the time, during a series of

five-minute keyboard conversations with humans conducted at the

Royal Society in London.

[3] The test was established in 1950 by Alan Turing, a World War II

British codebreaker and pioneer of computer science, in a journal

article about whether computers "think."

[4] At the competition on Saturday, five supercomputers - machines that

run massive numbers of processors to make high-speed calculations -

were presented with a series of unrestricted questions.

[5] Real people also answered the questions, and the judges had to

decide who was human and who was not.

[6] The Russian computer program, which simulated a 13-year-old boy

named Eugene Goostman, persuaded the judges 33 percent of the time

that  it was a human.

[7] "In the field of artificial intelligence there is no more iconic

and controversial milestone than the Turing Test, when a computer

convinces a sufficient number of intterrogators into believing that

it is not a machine but rather is a human," said professor Kevin

Warwick of the University of Reading, west of London, who organized

the competition.

[8] He said that while some experts claim that the Turing Test had

already been passed, the Royal Society experiment went further than

others - including in  the random nature of the questions - and was

independently verified.

[9] "We are therefore proud to declare that Alan Turing's Test was

passed for the first time on Saturday," Warwick said.

The Russian creator of "Eugene," U.S.-based scientist Valdimir

Veselov, said the result was a "remarkable achievement."

[10] "We spent a lot of time developing a character with a believable

personality," he said.

[11] "This year we improved the 'dialog controller' which makes the

conversation far more human-like when compared to programs that

just answer questions.

[12] "Going forward we plan to make Eugene smarter and continue working

on improving what we refer to as 'conversation logic.'"

[13] Turing, who played a major role in breaking the "Enigma" code used

by Nazi Germany, is often hailed as a genius who laid the

groundwork for modern computing.

[14] But he ended his life in sadness, committing suicide in 1954 at

the age of 41, two years after being convicted of the then crime of

homosexuality.

[15] He was awarded a posthumous pardon by Queen Elizabeth II in

December 2013 follwoing a long campaign by supporters.

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