2009년 EBS 어법 문제 모음집 (수능특강 + 10주 완성 + 파이널)
EBS 수능 특강
▬ Let's Check It Out! ▬
❏(A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Many social scientists have believed for some time (A)[that / what] birth order directly affects both personality and achievement in adult life. In fact, people have been using birth order to account for personality factors such as an aggressive behavior or a passive temperament. One might say, “Oh, I’m the eldest of three sisters, so I can’t help that I’m so overbearing,” or “I’m not very successful in business, because I’m the youngest child and thus less (B)[aggressively / aggressive] than my older brothers and sisters.” Recent studies, however, have proved this belief to be false. In other words, birth order may define your role within a family, but as you mature into adulthood, (C)[accepted / accepting]other social roles, birth order becomes insignificant.
(A) (B) (C)
① that aggressively accepting
② that aggressive accepting
③ that aggressive accepted
④ what aggressive accepted
⑤ what aggressively accepted
▬ Exercise ▬
1. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
The largest island in the world is Greenland, located between the North Atlantic and the Arctic Ocean. The island, (A) [although / despite] quite big, shares the habitat features of Northern America. On the other hand, the smallest island in the world is Bishop Rock. It lies at the most south-westerly part of the United Kingdom. It is one of 1,040 islands around Britain and only has a lighthouse on it. In the 13th century, people (B) [convicted / were convicted] of a serious crime were taken to Bishop Rock and left there with bread and water to be ravaged by the sea. Today, the rock is well-known as the point (C) [where / which] record-breaking attempts to cross the Atlantic are started or finished.
(A) (B) (C)
① although convicted where
② although were convicted which
③ despite convicted where
④ despite convicted which
⑤ despite were convicted where
2. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Researchers found out that the link between income and happiness is rather weak for most people. They conclude that once you have enough money to meet basic needs such as food and shelter, (A) [have / having] more money does little to increase your happiness and satisfaction with life. As a matter of fact, a recent study of 1,000 people in the United States found that people earning $1,000 or less a month were reported slightly happier than those (B) [who / whose] monthly income exceeded $4,000. Seeking happiness through the blind pursuit of material wealth may actually be doing the reverse. While people today have twice as much spending power as they (C) [did / were] in the 1950s, they are ten times more likely to be depressed.
(A) (B) (C)
① have who did
② have whose were
③ having who did
④ having whose did
⑤ having whose were
3. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
G. Gallup was the first scientist to (A) [recognize / be recognized] for uncovering information about non-human, primate self-awareness. In an experiment, he gave full-length mirrors to chimps that had never seen a mirror before. Initially, the chimps thought that their minor image was another, live chimp which for some reason got more (B) [aggressive / aggressively] in physical display. They continued to make threats for many hours, or even days. However, each chimp that was tested, after some time, began to show a type of behavior. They began to understand (C) [that / what] the mirror image was their own image. This became evident to researchers when the chimps began to investigate their body in the minor.
(A) (B) (C)
① recognize aggressive that
② recognize aggressive what
③ be recognized aggressive that
④ be recognized aggressively that
⑤ be recognized aggressively what
4. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Early people hunted with the bow for more than 8,000 years. It was one of humans' oldest weapons. It was an important discovery for people. It gave them a deadly weapon (A) [which / with which] they could kill their enemies. For a long time, the bow was just a bent stick and a string. In fact, more changes have taken place in the bow and arrow in the last twenty-five years (B) [as / than] for thousands of years. Today's bow is forceful. It is as exact as a gun. Plus, little strength (C) [needs / is needed] to draw the string. Modern bows also have fine sights. An expert can hit a bull's-eye many times in a row from a good distance away.
(A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C)
① which as needs ② which than needs
③ which than is needed ④ with as is needed
⑤ with than is needed
5. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Unfortunately, the culprits behind much of our anger ― lack of time, annoying spam mail, and mega-levels of stress ― are not likely to resolve (A) [them / themselves] anytime soon. A traffic jam, a frozen computer, or a misplaced set of car keys is annoying. To act upon the angry feelings (B) [those / whose] situations provoke, however, is an exercise in futility. Shouting, fuming, or leaning on the car horn won't make traffic begin to flow, the screen unlock, or keys materialize. Patience, on the other hand, is a highly practical virtue. People who take the time to cool down before responding to an anger-producing situation (C) [are / is] far less likely to say or do something they will regret later.
(A) (B) (C)
① them those are
② them whose is
③ themselves those are
④ themselves whose are
⑤ themselves whose is
6. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
It is very difficult for people to alter their fundamental beliefs about the world. This is partly because they are extremely protective of their belief systems and derive much of their own sense of identity and security from (A) [it / them]. Another reason why people cling tightly to their beliefs is that they have been formulating them (B) [since / when] they were very young. Most people do not want to engage in the mental work involved in accepting a new idea. This is especially true if the new idea contrasts greatly with their current belief systems. The more fundamental the beliefs, the more difficult they are (C) [replaced / to replace].
(A) (B) (C)
① it since to replace
② it when replaced
③ them since replaced
④ them since to replace
⑤ them when replaced
05 어법 (2)
▬ Let's Check It Out! ▬
❏다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [2009년 수능 22번]
You may think that moving a short distance is so easy that you can do it in no time with ①little effort. You may decide to use your own car because you think that you don’t need the services of a moving company. Well, you might be wrong. You are under the false impression that you do not have as many items to pack as you really ②do. You find out ③too late that your car cannot carry as much as you thought it could. So, it takes you far more trips to your new home than you thought it would. There is also the possibility of ④damage your stuff, some of it valuable. All these things ⑤considered, it might be better to ask for the services of a moving company.
▬ Exercise ▬
1. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
For most students, financial resources are limited. To make your money ① go as far as possible, it is a good idea to keep track of your spending habits. Just keeping a record of where your money goes often leads to ② reducing unnecessary expenses. You are surprised to find out that it is the small purchases, such as snacks between meals and daily cups of coffee, that ③ ends up taking a big bite out of your budget. Once you know where your money goes, making a realistic spending plan and ④ sticking to it is the next step. List your sources of income and compare with your outgoing expenses. You will probably have to make some painful decisions, but it will help you form good spending habits that will make your life easier long after your school days ⑤ are finished.
2. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Musicals are different from operas in ① a number of ways. Musicals generally have a greater focus on spoken dialogue, on dancing, and on the use of popular music. Also, a musical is almost never performed in any ② but the language of its audience. Musicals produced in New York, for instance, are invariably ③ sung in English, even if they were originally written in another language. While an opera singer is primarily a singer and secondarily an actor, a musical singer is usually an actor, but not a professional singer. Composers of music for musicals have to take the limitations of ④ such performers into account, and theaters staging musicals generally use amplification of the actors' singing voices in a way that would normally ⑤ disapprove of in an operatic context.
3. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Deducing a reliably accurate birth date and life expectancy for the cosmic environment that we live in helps ① to put the human condition into perspective. In the last few decades, cosmologists have become increasingly confident in the dates ② that they have derived for the age of our universe. Current data suggest that our universe is about 14 billion years old, and cosmologists have found ③ that there is more than one method that leads them to this number. Not only do cosmologists estimate that the universe began about 14 billion years ago, ④ but they also have deduced that it will probably never end. They have determined that the universe is still accelerating "outward" with the force that was originally given to ⑤ them by the big bang explosion.
4. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
What happened to America's banks around the Great Depression ① illustrates the widespread consequences of bank failure. Banks ② tied to the stock market or foreign investment were badly weakened by the decline in stock prices. When nervous people withdrew money from banks, panic ③ set in. In 1929, 659 banks folded; in 1930, the total was 1,350. The Federal Reserve Board drastically raised interest rates, ④ tightening the money markets just when loosening was needed. As a result, many people who had taken out loans during the 1920s couldn't pay their debts back, ⑤ it forced more than 3,600 banks to shut their doors in 1931 and 1932. In short, it was a vicious cycle of financial losses.
5. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Self-disclosure is revealing personal information about oneself ① that others are unlikely to discover on their own. Meaningful self-disclosure includes three important elements. First of all, it must ② be done on purpose. If you accidentally mention to a friend ③ who you're thinking about quitting a job, that is not self-disclosure. Second, the information must be significant. Telling trivial facts, opinions, or feelings hardly ④counts as self-disclosure. The third requirement is that the information being shared is private. There's ⑤ nothing noteworthy about telling others that you are depressed or happy if they already know that.
6. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Many of us experience communication anxiety in certain situations, such as admitting to a touchy roommate that we forgot ① to mail the letters he or she asked us to mail, telling a spouse about a shopping spree, and ② alerting a boss to a major mistake we have made. Situational communication anxiety occurs ③ because of certain features of the situation, of course. Especially, we are likely to experience communication anxiety in novel situations - situations we're not ④ used to. If you have never before been called as a witness in a court case, for example, it will not be unusual for you to experience at least some anxiety when you ⑤ will be called.
EBS 10주 완성
❐ (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Babies quickly lose the ability to fall asleep by themselves. When we feel sleepy, we can lie down in bed and fall asleep within minutes. Babies can do this when they are first born. However, within days they begin to fall asleep in the midst of suckling at the breast or while dad's walking about with baby (A)[held / holds] in his arms. They also do so in the midst of some other activity that provides them with feelings of warmth, love, and comfort. They need to (B)[involve / be involved] in those activities again in order to fall asleep the next time they get sleepy, (C)[that / which] means, when they get tired but those sleep associations are absent, they start to cry.
(A) (B) (C)
① held …… involve …… that
② held …… be involved …… that
③ held …… be involved …… which
④ holds …… involve …… that
⑤ holds …… be involved …… which
01. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
The most important thing you get from a high school or college education is that you learn how to think. (A)[What / Whatever] you are going to do in life, quick and original thinking is rewarded. Another lasting benefit of a high school or college education is (B)[that / what] you learn how to learn and develop a love of learning. Do you think your learning process ends when you leave school? I can say learning goes on for the rest of your life. Magazines, radio, newspapers, TV, and the Internet can supply you with a wealth of information. If you get into the habit of tuning in to this flood of information and (C)[enjoying / to enjoy] your learning process, you will be learning for the rest of your life.
(A) (B) (C)
① What …… that …… enjoying
② What …… what …… to enjoy
③ What …… that …… to enjoy
④ Whatever …… what …… enjoying
⑤ Whatever …… that …… enjoying
02. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
According to lots of research studies, (A)[most / almost] parents use some form of punishment that involves inflicting physical pain when disciplining their children. At times, parents spank their children. But if they are not going to spank them when they are big and strong enough to physically overpower their parents, it seems that (B)[spank / spanking] them when they are small is somewhat thoughtless, and perhaps even cowardly. I only hope that they do so with broken hearts rather than out of anger. I wish that every country would follow the examples of Finland, Germany, and Sweden in making (C)[it / that] illegal to use corporal punishment at home or in schools.
(A) (B) (C)
① most …… spank …… it
② most …… spanking …… it
③ most …… spank …… that
④ almost …… spanking …… it
⑤ almost …… spank …… that
03. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Some governments seeking to restrict the free flow of ideas have attempted to (A)[extensive / extensively] limit their subjects' access to the Internet. But blocking online content is like stopping the flow of water. The Chinese government requires some search engines (B)[blocked / to block] content critical of the Communist Party. However, such censorship is ineffective and fails to restrict access to even the most threatening ideas. James Glassman notes with amusement that the Chinese government blocks access to certain websites, including (C)[one / that] of the Washington Post, but it doesn't block his own far more subversive free-market website.
(A) (B) (C)
① extensive …… to block …… that
② extensive …… blocked …… one
③ extensively …… to block …… that
④ extensively …… blocked …… one
⑤ extensively …… to block …… one
04. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
The best way to find a leopard is to look for the distinctive tail (A)[hang / hanging] over a branch. Camouflage spots mimic the dappling of shadow and light of the shaded areas preferred by leopards. Smaller than lions, leopards are bigger and stronger than cheetahs. Leopards use this strength to drag prey high into trees for safekeeping. With a range that still stretches from the Atlantic coast of Africa to the Pacific coast of Asia, leopards are the most widely (B)[distributed / distributing] great cat. While classified as endangered, they have proven more (C)[adaptable / adaptably] in the face of human expansion than cheetahs, lions, or tigers.
(A) (B) (C)
① hang …… distributed …… adaptable
② hang …… distributing …… adaptably
③ hanging …… distributed …… adaptably
④ hanging …… distributing …… adaptable
⑤ hanging …… distributed …… adaptable
05. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Young people yearn for freedom and independence. This is a part of the process of cutting the apron strings and (A [prepares / preparing] for adult life. Yet parents fail in their duty to their children if they let this tendency go unchecked and do not insist that children exercise their freedom in the context of responsibilities to parents, family, and friends. For the adult world (B)[that / where] a child so ardently desires to attain is also a world in which freedom is greatly modified by circumstances, by concrete obligations and limitations. Only in this real world of daily life, not in some ideal world, (C)[human freedom exists / does human freedom exist].
(A) (B) (C)
① prepares …… where …… human freedom exists
② prepares …… that …… does human freedom exist
③ preparing …… that …… does human freedom exist
④ preparing …… where …… human freedom exists
⑤ preparing …… that …… human freedom exists
06. (A), (B), (C)의 각 괄호 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Gift exchanges are usually reciprocal. If you receive a gift, you are obliged to repay it with (A)[another / the other] gift. Reciprocity typically results in a continuing sequence of giving, receiving, and repaying gifts. Breaking this obligation is seen as a slight or even a rejection of the other person involved in the exchange. Reciprocity is a binding mechanism in (B)[that / what] its continuance helps to hold friends and families together. Reciprocal exchanges generally do not redistribute a society's wealth in a way that causes some people (C)[becoming / to become] richer than others. Rather, they result in a circulation of goods and services.
(A) (B) (C)
① another …… that …… to become
② another …… what …… to become
③ the other …… that …… becoming
④ the other …… what …… becoming
⑤ the other …… that …… to become
3. 문법성 판단 (2)
❐ 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
An octopus is characterized by its eight arms, usually ①bearing suction cups. It has an almost entirely soft body with no internal skeleton. Many people think of an octopus as a human killer, but the reputation is a total myth. It attacks only small natural prey like clams, crabs, and lobsters, but a human being is too large ②to interest even the largest octopus. Even a giant among octopuses ③is much smaller than most people imagine. It weighs around 110 pounds and grows to a diameter of no more than 10 feet. Also, the octopus possesses ④such a tiny throat that it cannot even swallow large pieces of meat. It feeds instead by pouring digestive juices into its victims and then ⑤sucks up the soupy remains.
01. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Immanuel Kant, the influential eighteenth-century German philosopher, told us that for an act ①to have moral worth, it must be undertaken out of a sense of duty. When we act out of self-interest, then, we *preclude the possibility of our action ②being a moral one. According to Kant, if a person helps another because he feels inclined to do so — because it makes him happy — ③what he does has no moral value. Most of those philosophies and religions that advocate self-sacrifice as the foundation of morality, as Kant does, ④assumes that acting in one's self-interest inevitably leads to acting against the interests of others. It means that ⑤unless we fight our selfish inclinations, we will hurt others and disregard their needs.
*preclude 배제시키다, 불가능하게 하다
02. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
You probably can ①remember when you thought a 10-year-old was "old." You probably were 5 or 6 at the time. Similarly, to a ten-year-old, someone 21 seems "old." And so it keeps on going, with "old" ②gradually receding from the self. Often, the individual has become used to what he or she sees in the mirror. The changes have ③taken place very gradually for many years and each change has been accommodated. Consequently, it comes as a shock, when meeting a friend one has not seen in years, ④sees how much that person has changed. At school reunions, each person ⑤can hardly believe how much older the others appear!
03. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
The ultimate key to success in college is to make your college degree help you get ①where you want to go in life. If you realize that earning a college degree is an important step you must take ②to achieve your career goals, you will take responsibility for your studies. You'll become an active learner, applying the knowledge and skills to make yourself ③as a good student as possible. Chances are that you'll then discover that you enjoy learning for its own sake, and that even though you have to work hard, you'll be pleased ④at what you are doing. You'll know that you have taken charge of your life, and that the key to success ⑤lies in your hands and your heart.
04. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
During the Great Depression, President Hoover dined each night at the White House in regal splendor. He had thought about cutting back, but he decided it would be bad for the morale of the country. If he changed the custom one bit, it would seem a sign of lost confidence. So each evening Hoover entered the dining room in black tie, ①ready to consume seven full courses. Such behavior ②earned Hoover the reputation of being insensitive. Rumors that circulated around him ③were as painful as they were absurd. It was said, for instance, that dogs instinctively disliked him; that roses wilted in his hands; that he ④had ordered the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh's infant son in 1932. In reality, Hoover was doing all he could ⑤promote economic recovery. Still he was scorned.
05. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Though it is difficult to quantify internal states of mind and heart, it is still possible to evaluate our lives in terms of happiness and gain insight into ①how we can become happier. We could begin by recording our daily activities and ②evaluating them according to how pleasurable and meaningful they are. Devoting a few minutes at the end of each day ③to write down and reflecting upon how we spent our time can help us recognize important patterns. For example, we might realize that we spend a significant proportion of our time ④doing things that provide us with neither meaning nor pleasure. We can then evaluate our lives through the lens of happiness and decide ⑤to add more meaningful and pleasurable experiences.
06. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
At least ①since the New Deal of the 1930s, the Democratic Party, especially outside the South, has been aligned with a liberal ideology. Liberals encourage government action ②to solve economic and social problems but want the government to stay out of their personal and religious lives. The Republican Party, on the other hand, has been associated with a conservative perspective, looking to the government to provide social and moral order but ③to demand that the economy remain as free as possible in the distribution of material resources. This is not to say that all Democrats are equally liberal ④or that all Republicans are equally conservative. Each party ⑤has its more extreme members and its more moderate members.
EBS 파이널
1회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
Farmers have long preferred to (A) [raise / be raised] polled, or hornless cattle. These animals are much safer to deal with, and they are less likely to injure themselves or other cows. Traditionally, livestock breeders tried to meet this need by carefully studying polled animals and their offspring. They would selectively breed only those animals (B) [which / of which] they thought would be most likely to produce polled offspring. However, there are problems with this traditional method. For example, there are two types of polled cattle: homozygous and heterozygous. The one produces only polled calves. On the other hand, (C) [the other / another] can give birth to horned offspring.
(A) (B) (C)
① be raised which the other
② raise which the other
③ be raised which another
④ raise of which another
⑤ be raised of which another
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Many people start young with bodybuilding. The reason for this may be ① that it is best to develop the muscles to their fullest capacity while the muscles still have the capacity to grow more. Many young adults are interested in bodybuilding ② because they want to make their bodies bigger. Some of them enjoy the feeling of ③ getting bigger as they exercise. Females are also attracted to bodybuilding, but not as much as males. Young people are often drawn to bodybuilding as a result of trying to avoid the possibility of ④ being picked on in school. Bullying is a factor in driving more young adults ⑤ seek ways to defend themselves.
2회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
One of the joys of having your own container vegetable garden is harvesting crops as they ripen. It is best to allow your vegetables to ripen on the vine and pick (A) [it / them] at peak maturity for the best flavor. If you have a bunch of tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce, or other vegetables that ripen at the same time, (B) [keep / keeping] them in a cool place rather than let them sit on the vine too long. If you stagger planting vegetable plants a few weeks apart in the spring, you'll have a better chance of harvesting veggies throughout the summer rather than letting all of your tomatoes or cucumbers (C) [to ripen / ripen] all at once. By following these tips, you'll enjoy harvesting vegetables from your container garden all summer long!
(A) (B) (C)
① it keep to ripen
② it keeping ripen
③ them keep ripen
④ them keeping ripen
⑤ them keep to ripen
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Installing school water fountains, distributing water bottles in classrooms, and ① teaching the health benefits of water consumption can lower kids' risk for becoming overweight. In Germany some schools installed water fountains, kids got personal water bottles ② to fill at the start of the day, and teachers received lesson plans about the benefits of drinking water. At the end of the school year, kids in schools where water drinking was encouraged were 31% less likely to be overweight than ③ those in schools where water consumption wasn't encouraged. ④ Acknowledging that drinking fountains won't solve the obesity epidemic, but could be effective components of the solution, the researchers also noted that other studies have suggested that drinking water ⑤ increase the rate at which calories are burned.
3회
20. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
When planning a trip, a traveler should think ahead and pack wisely. He needs to determine (A) [how / what] the weather will probably be like and bring appropriate clothes. Some essentials to remember are an umbrella, a light raincoat, and comfortable shoes. Sample-size bottles of shampoo and hair spray are wonderful space savers. Another good way to carry health and beauty aids is to pour (B) [it / them] into empty, airtight film cans. The traveler should always remember to seal liquids and creams in plastic bags, and he shouldn't forget to bring extra bags. A small portable first-aid kit can be a great help. Other helpful items he can use (C) [include / including] folding scissors, needle and thread, and a flashlight with batteries.
(A) (B) (C)
① how it include
② how them including
③ what it include
④ what them include
⑤ how it including
21. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
The film Seven Years in Tibet ① was supposed to take place in Tibet. Unfortunately, the producer could not film it there, so he had the difficult task of looking for an alternative. He found a possible site in Argentina and decided to make it ② look like Tibet. The only problem was that he needed some yaks, ③ they are common in Tibet. But yaks only live in Central Asia. Fortunately, he found a yak farmer in the USA who sold him his herd. ④ Taking them to Argentina wasn't easy since each yak needed a passport with three photographs and a signature. However, this did not stop the producer and the film was shot in Argentina with real ⑤ live yaks.
4회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
Finally, I got the first project at work, and it was to analyze the "need" for commuter airline service subsidies in Arizona. I went into this task with great eagerness because I (A) [haven't / hadn't] had any opportunities to show off my ability before. I worked hard, and discovered that so little of the cost was paid for by the passengers. However, upon presenting the finding to the management, along with my recommendation (B) [that / what] the state should not get involved in such a venture, I was criticized. I was informed my task was not to ascertain 'whether' tax dollars would be committed to this program, but (C) [to advise / advising] on 'how' they ought to be dispensed. It was the moment all my efforts turned out to be in vain.
(A) (B) (C)
① haven't that to advise
② haven't that advising
③ haven't what to advise
④ hadn't what advising
⑤ hadn't that to advise
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
True greatness is shown by humility, not pride. As a ① seven-year-old, Richard Bernstein admired Jackie Robinson's athletic ability and courage as the first African-American man to play Major League baseball in the modern era. A few years later, ② while working at a small-town golf course, Bernstein was astonished to find ③ himself carrying the bag of his hero, Jackie Robinson. When rain postponed the game, Robinson held an umbrella over the two of them and shared his chocolate bar with the young caddy. ④ Written in The International Herald Tribune, Bernstein cited ⑤ that humble act of kindness as a mark of greatness he had never forgotten.
5회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
The non-use of a piano impairs the instrument in many ways. Tonal quality suffers, the keys turn yellow and the hammers become a target for hungry moths. The best thing you can do to keep a piano in good condition is simply (A) [play / played] it continuously, according to piano manufacturers. With human beings the story is much the same. Failure to develop and put to good use the abilities that life entrusts to each individual usually (B) [result / results] in a slow but sure deterioration of the human person. You should live fully, keep spiritually and mentally creative, not merely exist. Many people go through a whole lifetime without touching or putting to use the bit of greatness within them. The more you exercise your spiritual, mental, and physical faculties in daily living, the (C) [closer / more closely] you will be to fulfilling the very reason for your existence.
(A) (B) (C)
① play results closer
② play result more closely
③ play results more closely
④ played results closer
⑤ played result more closely
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
One of the main complaints of city residents, surprisingly, is a large number of stray dogs and cats roaming the streets. Government statistics ① shows that over 30 million dogs and cats are wandering through the streets and alleyways of the nation's cities. Each year, approximately a fifth of these animals ② are destroyed. A survey of 41 cities reports that as ③ much as 25 million dollars is spent annually to capture and kill strays. One city alone, Chicago, spends 1.6 million dollars a year to control ④ its animal population. New York, on the other hand, ⑤ which spends large amounts of money on other programs, does not appropriate tax money to animal control.
6회
20. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
Now that the twenty-first century has begun, it is clear (A) [that / what] the pace of life is ever increasing. Nevertheless, some people are consciously slowing down where food is concerned. They are embracing the idea of the importance of good food and meaningful companionship at the table. People are also taking more interest in how food is grown, how it is prepared, and even how and with whom (B) [it / they] is eaten. All of these issues are part of an international food movement known as the 'Slow Food' movement. "The Slow Food movement is (C) [committing / committed] to the restoration of a traditional joy, the joy of the table," says a member of the Slow Food organization.
(A) (B) (C)
① that it committing
② that it committed
③ that they committed
④ what they committing
⑤ what they committed
21. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Teaser ads are the front runners of an advertising campaign. They refer to brief advertisements ① designing to tease the public by offering only bits of hints without apparent information. They don't reveal either the sponsor of the ad or the product ② being advertised. Their purpose is to arouse curiosity and ③ get widespread attention for the campaign that follows. In order ④ for a teaser campaign to be effective, it must be widely publicized through some media vehicles so as to reach a great many people. Teaser ads are ⑤ often used in the introduction of a major motion picture or a new product.
7회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
For the whole of the modern age, the capitalistic economy has been founded on the very idea of exchanging things in markets. The word market (A) [appeared / has appeared] in the English language in the twelfth century and referred to the physical space set aside for sellers and buyers to exchange goods and livestock. By the late eighteenth century, the term had become separated from any geographic reference and was being used to (B) [describe / describing] the abstract process of selling and buying things. However, so many people of the world we know have been still bound up in the process of selling and buying things in the marketplace (C) [that / what] they can't imagine any other way of exchanging things.
(A) (B) (C)
① appeared describe that
② has appeared describe what
③ appeared describing what
④ appeared describe what
⑤ has appeared describing that
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법 상 틀린 것은?
The conductor of the Philadelphia Orchestra felt that the string section ① would sound best if every player were given the freedom to choose the bowings. Finally the bows of the Philadelphia Orchestra went in all different directions at once, which ② were one of the components of the incredibly rich "Philadelphia Sound." But free bowing has its disadvantages. First, free bowing makes it difficult for an entire string section ③ to play with the same interpretation. Second, if you're drawing the bow up and the person next to you ④ draws the bow down, you're likely to bump into one another. Because of these disadvantages, free bowing lost its appeal among most orchestras. Today, it is used only in isolated situations ⑤ where a particularly rich sound is called for.
8회
21. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
Minerals are substances found in the environment that (A) [is / are] essential to the body's function. Minerals by themselves are inactive chemical elements like the calcium in a rock or iron in a pan. But in the body, they are used to (B) [regulate / regulating] a wide range of body processes from building strong bones to transmitting nerve impulses. They are also important to the body's structure. Minerals cannot be made in the body, and except for iron, the body does not tend to store them. Most minerals are also quickly used or lost in waste products. This is (C) [because / why] you must eat mineral-rich foods regularly to refill your supply.
(A) (B) (C)
① is regulate because
② is regulating why
③ are regulate because
④ are regulate why
⑤ are regulating because
22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것은?
One sunny day, a strange fellow showed up in Nura's preschool class. Everything he did was silly and weird. When he pulled out his box ① labeled "Warning: Crazy Shoes Inside," the kids knew something wonderful awaited them. In the box he had invisible shoes, and sure enough, when he ② put them on, his feet went crazy. The kids screamed with laughter. He invited them to try on the invisible shoes and ③ watch their own feet go crazy. Now it was Nura's turn. ④ Despite her feet hardly moved, she had a full smile on her face, and her classmates cheered her as they did to others. The fact that Nura wore leg braces seemed unimportant; perfect legs ⑤ weren't needed to wear crazy shoes.
9회
20. (A), (B), (C)의 각 네모 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 적절한 것은?
For me, leafing through the pages of a photo album is almost like time travel. As a child, I spent hours carefully assembling albums of all my cherished photos. (A) [Placing / Placed] the pictures on the floor of my room, I'd consider the events and the unfolding of the memory. Thinking about the captions was an undertaking in (B) [itself / themselves]. Should they simply declare the subject and date, as in "Mom and Dad, 1959," or should they offer a unique perspective, as in "Another Fashion First"? If a picture is worth a thousand words, then a picture (C) [which / in which] evokes our precious memories is also worth a thousand hours of memories and conversations to us.
(A) (B) (C)
① Placing itself which
② Placing themselves in which
③ Placing itself in which
④ Placed itself which
⑤ Placed themselves in which
21. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
During Thomas Jefferson's presidency, he and a group of travelers were crossing a river that had overflowed ① its banks. Each man crossed on horseback fighting for his life. A lone traveler watched the group ② get across the river and then asked President Jefferson to take him across. The president agreed without hesitation, the man climbed on, and the two made it ③ safely to the other side of the river, where somebody asked him: "Why did you select the President to ask this favor?" ④ Admitting he had no idea it was the President of the United States who had carried him safely across, the man was shocked. "All I know," he said, "is ⑤ what on some of your faces was written the answer 'No' and on some of them was the answer 'Yes.' His was a 'Yes' face."