active emotional coping/ passive emotional coping/ active problem coping/ passive problem coping
1-8 9-14 15-20 21-28
I try to do or think of some things that will make me feel happier, and allow myself to relax. 2 I try to adjust my mindset and allow myself to be happier. 3 I talk with classmates or friends, or disclose to my online friends. 4 I let myself calm down first and think of how to reconcile the negative emotions. 5 I eat and have fun to decrease the stress first. 6 I consider it to be a type of self-challenge. 7 I do usual things such as watching TV, reading comics, listening to music, sleeping, eating or going out to temporarily forget these frustrating things. 8 I tell myself to persevere.
9 I give up and blame God for being unfair when I face stress. 10 I make my friends uncomfortable when they provoke me when I am feeling down. 11 I do not give in when I argue with my friends. 12 I put my anger or fretful emotions on others. 13 I blame myself, retreat or shut myself away when I face stress. 14 I generalise that I have bad luck when I face stress.
15 I search and look for related data from the library or the Internet to do my homework. 16 I discuss issues with teachers, family, seniors or friends and classmates and ask for their opinions. 17 When I encounter conflicts in my academic study and activities, I will first arrange and plan. 18 I simplify the question and make it easy to solve. 19 I use a calm and optimistic attitude to think about how to cope with the problem. 20 I stay up finishing my homework until midnight.
21 I leave aside the problem first. 22 I passively let nature take its course. 23 I am used to leaving aside the problem and not handling it for the time being. 24 I decrease my standards and try again with the new standards. 25 I look for religious hope or comfort for my soul. 26 The numbers of classes I bunk are becoming more and more. 27 I make myself numb by drinking alcohol or drug abuse. I leave the problem aside. 28 I study the subjects I like better when I am in a class I do not like
For example, Active Coping in the inventory is measured with the following four statements:
I concentrate my efforts on doing something about it.
I take additional action to try to get rid of the problem.
I take direct action to get around the problem.
I do what has to be done, one step at a time.
2) 대처방식 (Coping Strategies Inventory-Short form, CSI-SF) 본 연구는 대처방식을 측정하기 위해 Tobin(1995)이 Lazarus와 Folkman의 Ways of Coping 척도를 바탕으로 개발한 CSI-SF 척도를 사용했다. CSI의 축약형인 CSI-SF는 관여 대처와 비관여 대처를 측정 하는 각각 8문항씩 총 16문항으로 구성되어 있으며, 5점 Likert 척도로 (1=전혀 그렇지 않다, 5=거의 항상 그렇다) 응답하도록 되어 있다. Tobin(1995)이 도구개발 시 신뢰도를 보면 Cronbach’α는 .90 이었다. 본 연구에서 Cronbach’α는 .81로 나타났다.
The following statement is about your coping style. Please answer based on how you handled your event. No Items Never Seldom Sometimes Often Almost Always
1 I make a plan of action and follow it. □ □ □ □ □ 2 I look for the silver lining or try to look on the bright side of things. □ □ □ □ □ 3 I try to spend time alone. □ □ □ □ □ 4 I hope the problem will take care of itself. □ □ □ □ □ 5 I try to let my emotions out. □ □ □ □ □ 6 I try to talk about it with a friend of family. □ □ □ □ □ 7 I try to put the problem out of my mind. □ □ □ □ □ 8 I tackle the problem head on. □ □ □ □ □
9 I step back from the situation and try to put things into perspective. □ □ □ □ □ 10 I tend to blame myself. □ □ □ □ □ 11 I let my feelings out to reduce the stress. □ □ □ □ □ 12 I hope for a miracle. □ □ □ □ □ 13 I ask a close friend or relative that I respect for help or advice. □ □ □ □ □ 14 I try not to think about the problem. □ □ □ □ □ 15 I tend to criticize myself. □ □ □ □ □ 16 I keep my thoughts and feelings to myself.
심리적 안녕감 척도 (Flourishing Scale, FS) The following is about psychological well-being. Please mark “∨” to what you think or how you feel. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly Disagree Disagree Slightly Disagree Neither agree nor disagree Slightly Agree Agree Strongly Agree No Items 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1
I lead a purposeful and meaningful life. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 2 My social relationships are supportive and rewarding. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 3 I am engaged and interested in my daily activities. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 4 I actively contribute to the happiness and well-being of others. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 5 I am competent and capable in the activities that are important to me. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 6 I am a good person and live a good life. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 7 I am optimistic about my future. □ □ □ □ □ □ □ 8 People respect me.