IN LOGICAL REASONING, LSAT BASICS
There’s no doubt that vocabulary on the LSAT can be very challenging. On the LSAT, you’ll find some words that are not only difficult, but will reappear time after time. Also, some of these words are tricky not just because they’re high-level, but because their meaning on the LSAT is not exactly how we use it in everyday talk. With the top 20 tricky LSAT words below, you can be prepared for test day!
1. Some (and other quantity indicator words)
Words like “some” are usually understood to mean 2-3 of anything.
But on the LSAT, it specifically means “at least one.” Take a look at this example.
Imagine on the test, you read:
“Some
of the tests were misprinted.” You should know that, on the
LSAT, this means “at least one of the tests was misprinted.” When dealing with
the logical reasoning section, be sure to know this particular meaning of “some,”
and know that its logical opposite is “none.” The same goes for other quantity
indicators like “most, all, few” etc.
2. Follows
The word “follows” can often be found in the logical reasoning section. You’ll see it in questions like, “Which one of the following choices follows logically from the passage?”
Normally, “follows” means “comes after” or “results.” But when we’re dealing with logic on the LSAT, we should look at this word more strictly. Especially on must be true questions, you’ll be checking to see if you can logically conclude an idea based on connecting logical statements.
Often on must be true questions, the conclusion that “follows” could be found by connecting conditional statements. Or, it’s the contrapositive of the original statements.
3. At Least
On the LSAT, especially within the logic games section, be on the lookout for the phrase “at least.” In grouping games, for example, you might find a sentence like, “At least two people work in the purple group.” If you read that too quickly, you might read it simply as, “Two people work in the purple group.” Of course, this can lead to plenty of trouble when you reach a question that asks, “What is the maximum number of people who can work in the purple group?” At first you might think to yourself, “Two is the obvious answer, why are they asking about a maximum?” Then, late in the game, you’ll realize that you skipped over that dreaded phrase “at least!”
Remember that “at least” means at that level or beyond.
The same trickiness applies to phrases like “at least as early,” or “at least as fast as.” In the first sentence, this leaves the possibility that a game piece can be exactly as early as the other. Or, it can be later, but not earlier.
4. Infer
To infer is to “deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements.” This is another way of asking you to find conclusions (usually) from connected conditional statements or contrapositives.
5. Undermines
Remember that “undermines” means “weakens.” This is important when looking out for weaken questions.
6. The Only
“The only” is an extremely tricky phrase on the LSAT. It can so easily be confused with “only,” which tells you that something is a necessary condition. However, “the only” indicates sufficient conditions. Because it’s so similar, it’s very important to watch out for it, and pay attention to the context of the sentence.
For example, “The only qualified applicants have taken this test.” This can be diagrammed as Qualified –> Test.
7. Perhaps (and other qualifiers)
Words like “perhaps,” and other qualifier words like “typically,” “often,” and “somewhat” can be very tricky on the logical reasoning section.
The following vocabulary words can be found in the logical reasoning section or in reading passages.
8. Alleviate – verb – to make better
“We must be able to alleviate economic injustice to those who have been wronged.
9. Plurality – noun – the number of votes cast for a candidate who receives more than any other but does not receive an absolute majority
10. Recapitulate – to summarize and give the main points of something(Not to be confused with “capitulate,” a verb that means to surrender or yield)
“In the end, the author recapitulates his points of the last three chapters.”
11. Per Capita – adv and adj – for each person
“Per capita earnings in the city of Jacksonville went down this year.”
12. Catalyst – noun something that causes an important event to happen
“The economic collapse was the catalyst for worldwide political unrest.”
13. Rhetoric – noun – using language effectively to please or persuade
“Inflammatory rhetoric is dangerous to civility in the political atmosphere.”
14. Psychoactive – adj. affecting the mind or mood or other mental processes
“The recent study on psychoactive drugs was approved by 8 out of 10 doctors at the Institute for Mental Health.”
15. Paradigm – noun – a theory or a group of ideas about how something should be done, made, or thought about
“Dr. Carmen’s book was so influential and radical that it has resulted in a complete shift in our paradigm.”
16. Invariably – adj – always
“He invariably goes out for coffee after work on Tuesdays.”
17. Categorical – adj – absolute, definite, unconditional
“My disapproval of his methods is categorical.”
“I categorically deny taking her money.”
18. Implicitly – adj – without ever expressing so clearly
“He implicitly expressed his interest in the deal by nodding
silently.”
“Some students implicitly indicate disapproval of a professor by not offering
praise or even constructive criticism.”
19. Admonish– verb- to warn or reprimand someone firmly.
“After breaking several employee rules, Mrs. Stanford was admonished by her peers and her supervisor.”
20. Framework– noun- a basic structure underlying a system, concept, or text
“We have to decide how our organization will use its framework for change.”
Some vocabulary definitions are from www.easydefine.com, Google, and the Merriam-Webster dictionary
With this guide and lessons from Magoosh LSAT Prep, you should be well on your way to a top LSAT score!
LSAT Vocabulary (556)
Here is the complete list of LSAT
Vocabulary. The Law School Admission Test (LSAT) is a half-day, standardized
test administered four times each year at designated testing centres throughout
the world. All American Bar Association (ABA)-approved law schools, most
Canadian law schools and many other law schools require applicants to take the
LSAT as part of their admission process. It provides a standard measure of
acquired reading and verbal reasoning skills that law schools can use as one of
several factors in assessing applicants. In the United States, Canada, the
Caribbean and some other countries, the LSAT is administered on a Saturday,
except in June, when it is generally administered on a Monday. For Saturday
Sabbath observers, the test is also administered on a weekday following
Saturday administrations. Many law schools require that the LSAT be taken by
December for admission the following fall. However, taking the test earlier—in
June or September—is often advised. Some schools place greater weight than
others on the LSAT. Most law schools do evaluate your full range of
credentials.
1. Absolve
2. Abstract
3. Accessible
4. Accidental
5. Accommodate
6. Acidity
7. Acknowledge
8. Acoustic
9. Acquit
10. Acrimony
11. Advent
12. Adverse
13. Aerate
14. Aesthetic
15. Affable
16. Affinity
17. Affluence
18. Alleviate
19. Altruistic
20. Ambiguous
21. Ambivalence
22. Ameliorate
23. Amenable
24. Ample
25. Antagonism
26. Antiquated
27. Apathy
28. Appellate
29. Apprehension
30. Apprenticeship
31. Appropriate
32. Appropriate
33. Arbiter
34. Arcane
35. Aristocracy
36. Arrogance
37. Ascribe
38. Aspire
39. Assert
40. Assumption
41. Attain
42. Authentic
43. Autonomous
44. Avant-Garde
45. Aversion
46.
Avert
47. Bebop
48. Beneficial
49. Benevolent
50. Benign
51. Betray
52. Biogenic
53. Blight
54. Blithe
55. Blunt
56. Brittle
57. Buoyant
58.
Bureaucratic
59. Candour
60. Cannibalism
61. Captivate
62. Caricature
63. Censor
64. Charcoal
65. Charlatan
66. Chauvinism
67. Chronicle
68. Circumscribe
69. Circumspect
70. Cite
71. Cliché
72. Coalesce
73. Coercion
74. Coherency
75. Commendation
76. Commensurate
77. Compliance
78. Component
79. Compromise
80. Concede
81. Conception
82. Condone
83. Conformity
84. Congenial
85. Consensus
86. Consistency
87. Console
88. Consolidation
89. Consternation
90. Contentious
91. Contingency
92. Convention
93. Corrosion
94. Countervailing
95. Culpability
96. Curtail
97.
Cynical
98. Daringly
99. Dawdle
100.Dazzle
101.Deceptive
102.Defamation
103.Defiance
104.Degenerate
105.Delineate
106.Delinquency
107.Delinquent
108.Demean
109.Demoralize
110.Demote
111.Denounce
112.Depict
113.Deplete
114.Deplore
115.Derision
116.Derivative
117.Desecration
118.Despoliation
119.Despotism
120.Detached
121.Deterrent
122.Devise
123.Didactic
124.Digression
125.Discern
126.Discernible
127.Disclaimer
128.Disclose
129.Discord
130.Discount
131.Discretionary
132.Disinterested
133.Disinterment
134.Dismiss
135.Disparage
136.Disparate
137.Dispel
138.Disperse
139.Dissent
140.Dissipate
141.Distinction
142.Divergent
143.Divulge
144.Docile
145.Doctrine
146.Dogmatic
147.Dogmatically
148.Draconian
149.Dwelling
150.Eclipse
151.Edifice
152.Elated
153.Elude
154.Elusive
155.Embellish
156.Endeavour
157.Endorse
158.Enhance
159.Enigma
160.Ensemble
161.Entail
162.Enumerate
163.Erode
164.Erosion
165.Erratic
166.Erring
167.Erroneous
168.Eschew
169.Esoteric
170.Espouse
171.Espouse
172.Esteem
173.Exacerbate
174.Exacerbate
175.Excerpt
176.Exemplary
177.Expedite
178.Expertise
179.Explicit
180.Exploit
181.Facilitate
182.Facsimile
183.Fallacious
184.Farce
185.Fastidious
186.Feasible
187.Fervour
188.Flippant
189.Formidable
190.Forthright
191.Frail
192.Futile
193.Garrulous
194.Generate
195.Gill
196.Gluttonous
197.Grandiose
198.Granite
199.Gratify
200.Gregarious
201.Grudging
202.Haloes
203.Hamper
204.Heed
205.Herbaceous
206.Herbivorous
207.Hindrance
208.Hindrance
209.Hobble
210.Hostility
211.Hypocritical
212.Hypothetical
213.Iconoclastic
214.Immutable
215.Impair
216.Impede
217.Imperative
218.Imperceptible
219.Implacable
220.Implement
221.Implication
222.Implicit
223.Impoverish
224.Imprimatur
225.Impromptu
226.Inadvertently
227.Incarceration
228.Incongruity
229.Inconsequential
230.Inconsistency
231.Incorporate
232.Indict
233.Indifferent
234.Induce
235.Industrious
236.Inept
237.Infallible
238.Inflict
239.Ingenious
240.Ingenuous
241.Ingestion
242.Ingrate
243.Inherent
244.Inimical
245.Initiate
246.Innate
247.Innocuous
248.Inscrutable
249.Insightful
250.Intangible
251.Interdisciplinary
252.Interment
253.Intermittent
254.Intricacy
255.Intrinsically
256.Invariably
257.Irony
258.Irradiate
259.Irrationality
260.Irrigation
261.Japanese
262.Job
263.Joined
264.Judicious
265.Jumped
266.Jurisprudence
267.Just
268.Juvenile
269.Juxtapose
270.Keep
271.Kept
272.Key
273.Killed
274.Kind
275.Kinetic
276.King
277.Knew
278.Know
279.Known
280.Larceny
281.Largess
282.Laud
283.Legacy
284.Lethargy
285.Levity
286.Libel
287.Limb
288.Litigate
289.Loathe
290.Loquacious
291.Lucid
292.Lugubrious
293.Luminosity
294.Luminous
295.Malice
296.Manifold
297.Manoeuvre
298.Mantle
299.Meadow
300.Meek
301.Meticulous
302.Milieu
303.Minuscule
304.Misanthropic
305.Misconception
306.Misrepresent
307.Mitigate
308.Mock
309.Mollify
310.Monarchy
311.Monolithic
312.Monotony
313.Morass
314.Moribund
315.Morose
316.Mortify
317.Mudslinging
318.Multifarious
319.Mundane
320.Municipal
321.Munificent
322.Mutability
323.Myopia
324.Myriad
325.Mystic
326.Naiveté
327.Narcissism
328.Narcotic
329.Nebulous
330.Nefarious
331.Neologism
332.Nepotism
333.Nihilism
334.Nocturnal
335.Nominal
336.Nostalgia
337.Notorious
338.Nurture
339.Obnoxious
340.Obscure
341.Obtuse
342.Obviate
343.Officious
344.Oligarchy
345.Onerous
346.Opaque
347.Oppressive
348.Optimist
349.Opulent
350.Orthodox
351.Ostensible
352.Ostensibly
353.Ostentatious
354.Outmoded
355.Pacifist
356.Pacify
357.Paradox
358.Patina
359.Patronize
360.Paucity
361.Pedantic
362.Perfunctory
363.Perjury
364.Permafrost
365.Perpetual
366.Perpetuate
367.Personnel
368.Pervasive
369.Pessimism
370.Petulant
371.Phenomena
372.Philanthropist
373.Physiology
374.Pigment
375.Pitfall
376.Plagiarize
377.Plaintiff
378.Plumage
379.Polemic
380.Populous
381.Potency
382.Pragmatic
383.Precedent
384.Predator
385.Premise
386.Premonition
387.Prescription
388.Presumption
389.Preternatural
390.Prevail
391.Prey
392.Profound
393.Proliferation
394.Prolific
395.Prologue
396.Prominent
397.Promote
398.Promulgate
399.Propensity
400.Prophetic
401.Propound
402.Proscription
403.Prosperity
404.Protract
405.Proviso
406.Provocative
407.Prudent
408.Qualify
409.Qualitative
410.Quality
411.Quantify
412.Quantity
413.Querulous
414.Quixotic
415.Random
416.Rebut
417.Recluse
418.Rectify
419.Refugee
420.Refute
421.Regimen
422.Rehabilitate
423.Relinquish
424.Relinquish
425.Remedy
426.Remit
427.Remunerated
428.Renown
429.Repeal
430.Repertory
431.Repudiate
432.Reserved
433.Resolution
434.Resolve
435.Resort
436.Restraint
437.Retain
438.Reticent
439.Retribution
440.Reverent
441.Ruthless
442.Salutary
443.Satirize
444.Scant
445.Scavenge
446.Scrupulously
447.Scrutinize
448.Seclusion
449.Secular
450.Sediment
451.Seedbed
452.Serenity
453.Sever
454.Severity
455.Singular
456.Skeptical
457.Solidarity
458.Spawn
459.Sporadic
460.Sporadically
461.Stopgap
462.Stratagem
463.Subdued
464.Succession
465.Superficial
466.Superfluous
467.Supersede
468.Suppress
469.Surefootedness
470.Surpass
471.Surreal
472.Surreptitious
473.Susceptibility
474.Suspend
475.Sustain
476.Symmetry
477.Synthesis
478.Taciturn
479.Tedious
480.Temperament
481.Termination
482.Thwart
483.Titmouse
484.Torpor
485.Toxic
486.Transient
487.Transparent
488.Trepidation
489.Turbulence
490.Ubiquitous
491.Unconscionable
492.Unctuous
493.Undergird
494.Underpin
495.Uniform
496.Unremitting
497.Unwitting
498.Urbane
499.Usurp
500.Utilitarian
501.Utopia
502.Vacíllate
503.Vagrancy
504.Verisimilitude
505.Vernacular
506.Versatile
507.Versatility
508.Vestige
509.Vex
510.Viable
511.Vicarious
512.Vicissitude
513.Vignette
514.Vigour
515.Vilify
516.Vindicate
517.Vindictive
518.Virtuoso
519.Virulent
520.Visionary
521.Volatile
522.Wanton
523.Wary
524.Wayward
525.Wilful
526.Wistful
527.Withhold
528.Withstand
529.Xanthic
530.Xanthous
531.Xerography
532.Xeroma
533.Xeronate
534.Xeronic
535.Yacht
536.Yawn
537.Yearn
538.Yield
539.Yoga
540.Yoghourt
541.Yoghurt
542.Young
543.Youth
544.Yuma
545.Zeal
546.Zealous
547.Zenith
548.Zenithal
549.Zeolite
550.Zephyr
551.Zest
552.Zigzag
553.Zone
554.Zoology
555.Zurich
556.Zygote
148 Words Activities Assignments
mentally acute or penetratingly discerning 명민한, 총기있는
2. sapient
acutely insightful and wise 아주 지적인, 현명한, 박식한
3. zeal
a feeling of strong eagerness 열의, 열성
4. chicanery
the use of tricks to deceive someone 교묘한 속임수
5. wretched
deserving or inciting pity 몸 (기분)이 안 좋은, 비참한
6. volatile
liable to lead to sudden change or violence 변덕스러운
7. viscous
having a relatively high resistance to flow 끈적거리는, 점성이 있는
8. vex
disturb, especially by minor irritations 성가시게 (짜증나게) 하다
9. verbose
using or containing too many words 장황한
10. venerate
regard with feelings of respect and reverence 공경(숭배)하다
11. vacuous
devoid of matter 멍청한, 얼빠진
12. tyro
someone new to a field or activity 초보자
13. turpitude
a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice 대단히 부도덕한 행위
14. tractable
easily managed 다루기 쉬운
15. tortuous
marked by repeated turns and bends 길고 복잡한, 우여곡절이 많은
16. tirade
a speech of violent denunciation 장황한 비난, 장광설
17. diatribe
thunderous verbal attack (말이나 글로 된 통렬한) 비판(공격)
18. taciturn
habitually reserved and uncommunicative (성격이 ) 뚱한 (말수가 적은/무뚝뚝한)
19. tacit
implied by or inferred from actions or statements 암묵적인, 무언의
20. specious
plausible but false 허울만 그럴 듯한
21. sedulous
marked by care and persistent effort (자기 일에) 공을 들이는, 정성을 다하는
22. savant
a learned person 학자, 석학
23. saturnine
bitter or scornful 음침한
24. sate
fill to contentment (욕구를) 채우다, 충족시키다
25. sanguine
confidently optimistic and cheerful 낙관적인/자신감이 넘치는
26. sagacious
acutely insightful and wise 현명한
27. rarefy
lessen the density or solidity of 희박하게 하다
28. quiescence
a state of possibly temporary inaction or dormancy 정지, 무활동(inactivity); 침묵, 정적
29. pusillanimous
lacking in courage, strength, and resolution 겁 많은, 겁쟁이인
30. propitiate
make peace with 달래다
31. prodigal
recklessly wasteful (돈/시간/에너지/물자를)낭비하는
32. prevaricate
be deliberately ambiguous or unclear 얼버무리다
33. pragmatic
concerned with practical matters 실용적인
34. ponderous
having great mass and weight and unwieldiness 대단히 무거운, 크고 무거운
35. plethora
extreme excess 과다, 과잉
36. placate
cause to be more favorably inclined (화를) 달래다
37. phlegmatic
showing little emotion 침착한, 냉정한
38. petulant
easily irritated or annoyed 심술을 부리는, 심통 사나운
39. perfidious
tending to betray 믿을[신뢰할] 수 없는
40. pedantic
marked by a narrow focus on or display of learning 지나치게 규칙을 찾는[세세한 것에 얽매이는]
41. peccadillo
a petty misdeed 사소한 잘못[실수]
42. panegyric
formally expressing praise 칭찬하는 말[글]
43. ossified
set in a rigidly conventional pattern of behavior or beliefs 골화한, 뼈가 된; 경직화된, [속어] 곤드레가 된
44. occlude
block passage through (~을) 가리다[막다]
45. obviate
do away with (문제, 필요성을) 제거[배제]하다
46. obdurate
stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing 고집 센
47. noisome
causing or able to cause nausea (극도로) 역겨운[고약한]
48. nefarious
extremely wicked 범죄의, 비도덕적인
49. mitigate
lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of 완화(경감)시키다
50. misnomer
an incorrect or unsuitable name 부적절한 (부정확한) 명칭 (단어)
51. malevolent
wishing or appearing to wish evil to others 악의 있는, 악의적인
52. magnanimity
nobility and generosity of spirit 아량(이 넓음), 관대함, 담대함
53. lugubrious
excessively mournful 침울한
54. lucid
transparently clear; easily understandable 명쾌한, 명료한
55. loquacious
full of trivial conversation 말이 많은
56. leviathan
the largest or most massive thing of its kind 레비아단 (성서에 나오는 바다 속 괴물)
57. laudable
worthy of high praise (비록 성공하지 못한다 하더라도) 칭찬[감탄]할 만한
58. latent
potentially existing but not presently evident or realized 잠재하는, 잠복해 있는
59. laconic
brief and to the point 말을 많이 하지 않는, 할 말만 하는
60. irascible
quickly aroused to anger 화를 잘 내는
61. intransigent
impervious to pleas, persuasion, requests, or reason 고집스러운, 비협조적인
62. insular
relating to or characteristic of or situated on an island 배타적인, 편협한
63. insipid
lacking interest or significance or impact 맛[풍미]이 없는
64. insensible
barely able to be perceived 무감각한
65. innocuous
not injurious to physical or mental health 악의 없는
66. ingenuous
lacking in sophistication or worldliness 순진한, 천진한, 사람을 잘 믿는
67. ingenious
showing inventiveness and skill 기발한
68. infer
conclude by reasoning 추론하다
69. ineffable
defying expression or description 형언할 수 없는
70. indelible
not able to be removed or erased 잊을[지울] 수 없는
71. incorrigible
impervious to correction by punishment (나쁜 습관이) 고질적인, 구제 불능의
72. inchoate
only partly in existence; imperfectly formed 이제 시작 단계인
73. improvidence
a lack of prudence and care by someone in the management of resources 선견지명[지각]이 없음, 경솔함
74. imperious
having or showing arrogant superiority 고압적인
75. impecunious
not having enough money to pay for necessities 동전 한 푼 없는, 무일푼의
76. iconoclast
someone who attacks cherished ideas or institutions 우상 파괴자, 인습 타파주의자
77. headlong
with the upper or anterior part of the body foremost (머리부터) 거꾸로, 곤두박질쳐서
78. hapless
unfortunate and deserving pity 불운한, 불행한
79. guileless
innocent and free of deceit 아주 정직한, 속임수를 모르는
80. guile
shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception 간교한 속임수
81. gossamer
a gauze fabric with an extremely fine texture (아주 가는) 거미줄
82. garrulous
full of trivial conversation 수다스러운, 말이 많은
83. florid
elaborately or excessively ornamented 발그레한
84. fervid
characterized by intense emotion 열렬한
85. feign
make believe with the intent to deceive (감정/질병 등을) 가장하다[~인 척하다]
86. extant
still in existence; not extinct or destroyed or lost 현존[잔존]하는
87. exorbitant
greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation 과도한, 지나친
88. exculpate
pronounce not guilty of criminal charges 무죄를 입증[선언]하다
89. exacerbate
make worse (특히 질병/문제를) 악화시키다
90. eulogy
a formal expression of praise for someone who has died 찬양하는 연설[글], 찬사
91. esoteric
understandable only by an enlightened inner circle 소수만 이해하는[즐기는], 비전의
92. erudite
having or showing profound knowledge 학식 있는, 박식한
93. equivocal
open to two or more interpretations 모호한
94. ephemeral
anything short-lived, as an insect that lives only for a day 수명이 짧은, 단명하는
95. enigma
something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained 수수께끼 (같은 사람/것/일)
96. engender
call forth (어떤 감정/상황을) 낳다[불러일으키다]
97. enervate
weaken mentally or morally 기력을 떨어뜨리다
98. endemic
native to or confined to a certain region (특정 지역/집단) 고유의, 고질적인, 풍토적인
99. encomium
a formal expression of praise 찬사
100. emulate
strive to equal or match, especially by imitating (흠모하는 대상을) 모방하다[따라가다]
101. emollient
a substance with a soothing effect when applied to the skin (마음, 상황을) 진정시키는
102. effluent
water mixed with waste matter 특히 공장의) 폐수, 오수
103. efficacy
capacity or power to produce a desired result (특히 약이나 치료의) 효험
104. eclectic
selecting what seems best of various styles or ideas 절충적인, 다방면에 걸친
105. dogmatic
pertaining to a code of beliefs accepted as authoritative 독단적인
106. dogged
stubbornly unyielding 완강한, 끈덕진
107. dissemble
behave unnaturally or affectedly (진짜 감정/의도를) 숨기다, 가식적으로 꾸미다
108. dispassionate
unaffected by strong emotion or prejudice 감정에 좌우되지 않는
109. disparaging
expressive of low opinion 얕보는, 험담하는, 비난하는
110. disabuse
free somebody from an erroneous belief (오해, 틀린 생각 등을) 바로잡아 주다
111. diffident
showing modest reserve (자신감이 부족하여) 조심스러운, 소심한
112. desiccate
lacking vitality or spirit; lifeless 건조시키다, (식품을) 물기를 빼서 건물[가루]로 보관하다
113. descry
catch sight of (불현듯) 보게 되다
114. depredation
an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding 약탈
115. deprecation
a prayer to avert or remove some evil or disaster 반대, 불찬성, 항의; 애원, 탄원
116. deference
courteous regard for people's feelings 존중[경의](을 표하는 행동)
117. culpable
deserving blame or censure as being wrong or injurious 과실이 있는, 비난받을 만한
118. craven
lacking even the rudiments of courage; abjectly fearful 용기 없는, 비겁한
119. corporal
affecting the body as opposed to the mind or spirit 신체[육체]의 ; 상등병
120. corporeal
having material or physical form or substance 형체를 가진, 물질적인
121. conflagration
a very intense and uncontrolled fire 큰불, 대화재
122. complaisant
showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others 선뜻 남의 말을 듣는, 남의 뜻에 잘 따르는
123. chicanery
the use of tricks to deceive someone 교묘한 속임수
124. caustic
capable of destroying or eating away by chemical action 가성의, 부식성의
125. catalyst
substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction 촉매(제)
126. castigate
inflict severe punishment on 크게 책망하다, 혹평하다
127. caprice
a sudden desire (태도/행동의) 갑작스러운 변화
128. cadge
obtain or seek to obtain by wheedling 조르다, (졸라서) 얻어내다
129. buttress
a support usually of stone or brick (벽의) 지지대, 부벽
130. burgeon
grow and flourish 급성장[급등]하다
131. breach
an opening, especially a gap in a dike or fortification 위반
132. bombast
pompous or pretentious talk or writing 겉만 번드르르한 말
133. blandishment
flattery intended to persuade (복수형) 추종, 감언, (사람을 호리는) 수단
134. barefaced
with no effort to conceal 뻔뻔스러운
135. banal
repeated too often; overfamiliar through overuse 지극히 평범한, 따분한, 시시한
136. aver
declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true (사실이라고) 단언하다,[주장하다]
137. audacious
disposed to venture or take risks 대담한
138. attenuate
become weaker, in strength, value, or magnitude 약화시키다, 희석시키다
139. assuage
provide physical relief, as from pain (안 좋은 감정을) 누그러뜨리다[달래다]
140. antipathy
a feeling of intense dislike (강한) 반감
141. antediluvian
of or relating to the period before the biblical flood 아주 구식인
142. anomalous
deviating from the general or common order or type 변칙의, 이례적인
143. anachronism
locating something at a time when it couldn't have existed 시대착오적인 사람[관습/생각]
144. ambrosial
worthy of the gods 아주 맛 좋은; [시어] 향기로운, 신성한(divine)
145. ambiguous
having more than one possible meaning 애매모호한, 여러가지로 해석할 수 있는
146. aggrandize
embellish; increase the scope, power, or importance of 크게 하다, 확대하다(enlarge); 과장하다
147. abscond
run away, often taking something or somebody along (허가없이 떠날 수 없는 장소를) 무단이탈하다
148. aberrant
markedly different from an accepted norm 도리를 벗어난, 일탈적인
indigenous
native, originating in a place
subjective
relating to the mind as the subject of experience
paradox
seeming contradiction or an actual contradiction
anomalous
irregular, unusual
viscous
having a thick consistency, gelatinous
ephemeral
fleeting, or short life or duration
corroborate
to confirm or make certain
implicit
implied, tacitly understood
lucid
clear, understandable
prodigal
foolishly generous, not thrifty
feign
to pretend
specious
having the deceptive look of truth
arbitrary
random, capricious, impartial
intrepid
bold, fearless
antagonism
hostility, enmity
antipathy
strong feeling against, dislike for
dogma
firmly held disbelief
pertinent
clearly relevant
variance
difference, disagreement
incompatible
not well matched, unsuited
isolate
to separate and make alone or single
sever
to cut off completely
synthesis
the combination of diverse elements into one
engender
to create, foster
discrete
distinct, separate
disperse
to spread out
eccentric
unusual, strange
redundant
repetitive, and thus unnecessary
precursor
a necessary predecessor
defer
to postpone or to submit to another
catalyst
a thing that sets another in motion or causes change
disarm
to deprive of weapons or to win over, ingratiate
prone
inclined, or the position of lying face down
profound
deep, thoughtful
torque
rotational force, twist
digress
to move away from
diverge
to go apart in different directions
tangential
peripheral, no on the subject at hand
porous
having pores, having minute holes
plummet
to fall suddenly
circumlocution
excessive speaking, wordiness
perturb
to disquiet, upset
opaque
not transparent, not letting light through
impenetrable
unable to penetrate, pierced
desiccate
to dry out, dehydrate
phenomenon
an occurrence
tacit
unspoken yet understood
whimsy
caprice, a playful thing
abstract
theoretical or to summarize or a summary
inherent
in the essential nature of a thing
dubious
doubtful, questionable
platitude
a trite saying, bromide
fallacy
a logical flaw, mistake
demur
to hesitate, protest
assert
to state without need of proof
refute
to disprove, to argue against
inquisitive
curious, seeking knowledge
mundane
everything, pedestrain
coherent
intelligible, consistent
equivocal
wavering, vacillating
harangue
long, complaining speech
jargon
specialized vocabulary
succinct
concise, stating in few words
diffuse
to spread thinly, or scattered
articulate
well- spoken, intelligible, speak clearly and distinctly
garrulous
extremely talkative
orate
to make a speech, esp. pompously
laconic
few words, reticent
obscure
to hide or hidden, vague, not easily understood
chicanery
flim-flam, trickery
furtive
secret, sneaky
volatile
unstable, likely to explode or vaporize
extemporize
to speak spontaneously
zealot
one who has great enthusiasm esp for a cause
espouse
to take to oneself, to adopt a belief
provocative
tending to simulate
superfluous
excess, extra
expend
to use up
malevolent
evil, having evil intent
paragon
an ideal, perfect model
nullify
negate, make invalid
consummate
complete, accomplish, perfect, to a high degree
arduous
difficult, strenuous
felicity
happiness, pleasantness
prodigy
very talented child
guile
cunning, trickery
ingenious
extremely clever, original
imperative
necessary, immediately important
constrain
restrict, confine
suppress
keep secret, contain, inhibit
capitulate
give in, surrender
obsequious
sycophantic-flatter, fawning
placate
please, pacify
affluent
wealthy
zeal
fanatical enthusiasm
inhibit
restrain, forbid
plasticity
malleability, stretchiness
cynic
one who has an attitude of contempt, distrust
bolster
support
resolute
determined, faithful
connoisseur
one who appreciates fine things
decorous
in good taste, very proper
euphemism
mild word or phrase substituted for an offensive one
pedantic
overly scholarly
bombast
pompous speech
arrogant
overbearing, proud
misanthrope
one who hates humanity
jeer
taunt, deride
disingenuous
seemingly honest while not being so
propriety
appropriateness, social acceptability
heretic
one who holds unorthodox or unapproved beliefs
authentic
genuine, trustworthy
eradicate
to eliminate completely
gist
general meeting, essence
objective
empirically provable, existing independently
affiliation
connecting, association
apposite
relevant, to the point
antithesis
direct opposite
heterogeneous
mixed, made up of unlike elements
stereotype
generalized judgment of a group
paradigm
model, theoretical framework
precedent
earlier example setting a rule
conform
adapt or compliant with
correspond
to match, to conform, to parallel
dissent
to disagree
nuance
slight distinction
negligible
insignificant, not to be considered
trivial
minor, not important
subordinate
depending on, subservient
depletion
lessening
alloy
mixture esp of metal
eclectic
having varying elements
convoluted
intricate, coiled, twisted
inextricable
not able to be untangled
labyrinth
maze
multifarious
diverse, of great variety
consolidate
to join together, merge
component
essential element
shard
fragment esp glass or pottery
comprehensive
all inclusive
pervasive
throughout, in every part
plethora
multiplicity, excessive amount
fracas
riot, flight
gratuitous
uncalled for, not warranted
pandemonium
noisy chaos, bedlam
sporadic
occasional, infrequent
prologue
introductory passage
incipient
beginning, budding
definitive
authoritative
nexus
connection, center
sequential
in order, arranged serially
conflate
to blend together, esp a text
quorum
number of members of a governing body necessary in order to proceed
troupe
group of performers
intrinsic
essential nature of a thing
orthodox
adhering to a strict set of beliefs
maverick
intrepid person, innovator
aberrant
deviating from the norm
enumerate
to count
fusion
merging of diverse parts into a whole
dichotomy
separation into two parts
anachronism
a thing or person out of place in time
fledging
young, inexperienced
exigent
needing swift action
inopportune
not timely, inappropriate
alacrity
promptness, eagerness
adjourn
to suspend, as a meeting
prevalent
common, frequent
stasis
stagnation, equilibrium
labile
unstable, open to change
equilibrium
state of balance
riveting
commanding full attention, fascinating
cessation
stoppage, ceasing
relinquish
to let go of, give up
renegade
an outlaw, one who is unconventional
supersede
to supplant
reciprocate
to give and take, to return, to pay back
crusade
a zealous campaign for a cause
seminal
original or relating to seed or semen
endow
to grant, as a gift
nugatory
negligible, having no effect
unassailable
not questionable, not doubtable
flaccid
limp, drooping
dynamic
in motion
viable
capable of living, capable of working
proliferate
multiply, procreate
fallow
barren, not cultivated or sown
fabricate
to create
incubation
period of gestation
susceptible
prone to, open to
propensity
inclination
collaborate
to work together, cooperate
connive
to conspire, to be in secret sympathy with
synchronous
at the same time
recalcitrant
stubborn, defiant
bucolic
pastoral, relating to country life
ubiquitous
everywhere, in all places
acculturate
to adapt to a culture
colossus
giant statue, very large thing
dimension
property of space, as in height, width, depth
burgeon
to bloom, flourish
contigeous
adjacent with, borders touching
rift
a gap or fissure
recapitulate
to repeat, sum up
tenuous
not solid, weak
nadir
low point, point opposite the zenith
rudimentary
basic
recumbent
lying down, resting
buttress
supporting piece of a structure, strengthen, support
transpose
change from one place to mode to another
facade
false front
peripheral
outside, surrounding, auxiliary
nucleate
to cluster, to form a nucleus
strata
layer
lateral
sideways, on the side
amorphous
without shape, unclassifiable
ellipse
oval
tortuous
twisting, winding, tricky
obtuse
difficult to understand, unable to understand, stupid
striate
to stripe
constrict
to compress, constract
occlude
to obstruct, block up
dormant
asleep, inactive
halcyon
happy, prosperous, peaceful
placid
quiet, calm
stagnant
stale, foul, motionless
accelerate
speed up
precipitate
sudden or steep, rain, snow, to bring about suddenly
saunter
to walk in an easygoing swagger
amble
walk leisurely
reconnaissance
survey, esp military action
pulverize
smash into dust
avert
turn away, avoid
errant
wandering, traveling
converge
come together, merge
egress
exit
lactate
to produce milk
secrete
give off or to hide
welter
chaotic mess
cyclical
periodic and repeating
tepid
lukewarm, room temperature
pigment
coloring element in paint
spectrum
range of all colors, complete range
florid
flowery or reddish
iridescent
having shiny rainbow colors, shimmery
mosaic
picture made of many small parts such as tiles
pied
multi- colored and blotchy
stipple
speckle or fleck esp with paint, effect of many small dots
transcendental
abstract, supernatural
impalpable
not physical, not able to be touched
monolith
a single, huge structure, or a large organization acting as one force
hydrate
add water
emollient
lotion that moisturizes
ferrous
with iron
turbid
muddy, obscurd
arid
dry
aerate
to supply or combine with oxygen or air
resuscitate
to revive, renew
carrion
animal remains
demise
death, cessation
vapid
uninteresting, without liveliness
cloying
sweet, sentimental
pungent
strong tasting or smelling
redolent
aromatic, having an odor
ostensible
apparent, under pretext
discord
argument, strife
fatuous
foolish, silly
inane
silly, empty-headed
ludicrous
ridiculous, absurd
dilettante
amateur, dabbler
cogitate
to think hard, ponder
forage
look for food
peruse
study thoroughly
perspicacious
keen, mentally sharp
doctrine
creed, belief
naivete
unsophisticatedness, artlessness
belie
contradict, give false cover to
implausible
not believable
pontifical
like a pontiff, pope, extremely authoritative
falter
stumble, hesitate
relic
remnant, souvenir, venerated object
juggernaut
large vehicle that crushes anything in its path
proscribe
condemn, forbid
censure
disapprove, condemn, disapproval, condemnation
impunity
without fear of punishment
indictment
formal charge against a person
gourmand
one who likes to eat alot
ascetic
austere, disciplined
hedonist
one who lives for pleasure
profligate
extravagent, prodigal
obdurate
stubborn, unfeeling
altruism
unselfish behavior
quisling
traitor
veracity
truthfulness
probity
honesty
candor
straightforwardness, sincerity
artlessness
crudeness, naturalness
vituperate
scold with excessively harsh language
tirade
long, harsh, highly critical speech
reprobate
depraved, condemned
culpable
deserving of blame
castigate
scold severely
countenance
face, expression or allow to happen
approbation
praise, approval
adulation
admiration
travesty
mockery, parody
derision
scorning, ridicule
vindictive
vengeful, spiteful
truculent
ferocious, extremely harsh
affable
friendly, pleasant
urbane
sophisticated, wordly
lionize
make much of
aggrandize
praise greatly, make seem greater
effrontery
boldness
grandiloquent
having high sounding speech
spurious
false, fradulent
timorous
timid, fearful
redoubtable
formidable, illustrious
aesthetic
artistic, relating to beauty
unprepossessing
homely, plain
tentative
hesitantm, uncertain
discreet
having good judgment, prudent
daunt
subdue or tame
solicitude
over-attentive care, anxiety
disquiet
disturb or upset
commodious
having ample space
exacerbate
aggravate, make worse
contrite
sorry, repentant
levity
lightness, good humor
querulous
complaining, whining
pique
offense, resentment, provoke or excite
intuitive
known through immediate insight not gained through rational thought
sybil
witch
meticulous
extremely careful, fastidious
prescience
ability to foretell events
intelligible
understandable, comprehensible
limpid
clear, serene, transparent`
inadvertence
oversight, unwillingness
concede
to yield, grant
retract
take back, recant
ideology
set of beliefs
temperament
disposition, sensibility
peer
equal
chauvinist
extreme patriot, one who believes one group is superior to another
contend
fight with, oppose
scruple
have moral qualms about, moral principle
concur
agree
prattle
babble, as a child
oblivious
unknowing, unheeding
arcane
secret, esoteric
conundrum
riddle, puzzle
allusive
referring to or hinting t something esp in literature
elucidate
make clear, explain
flagrant
bold, open, apparent
salient
noticeable, prominent
erudition
knowledge, esp gained from books
proctor
one who supervises students at an exam
charade
pretense
hallmark
distinguishing mark
vestige
remnant, trace
tapestry
decorative wall hanging
vernacular
common speech, ordinary language
concise
exact
terse
short, curt
circuitous
round-about, indirect
superfluity
excess
verbiage
excessive wordiness
gregarious
outgoing, friendly
loquacioius
extremely talkative and articulate
prate
chatter, talk meaninglessly
voluble
fluent, talkative
discourse
conversation, long paper or speech on a subject
runic
like runes, mysterious, secret
reticent
not talkative
cryptic
encoded, secret, indecipherable
esoteric
hidden, available only to the initiate
eclipse
overshadowing, esp sun or moon
latent
potential, hidden quality
apocryphal
spurious, not genuine
dissemble
lie
prevaricate
lie
simulate
imitate, make seem real
hyperbole
excessive exaggeration
tout
solicit or promote
seine
fishnet
amenable
agreeable, obediant
diffident
shy, reserved
adamant
hard, unyielding, very hard stone
implacable
not able to be changed
intransigent
stubborn, uncompromising
obstinate
stubborn, unmoving
ambivalent
uncertain, having conflicting feelings
fluctuate
vary widely
caprice
impulsive action, whim
fickle
changeable, not constant
impromptu
spontaneous, spur of the moment
abscond
run away secretly
elusive
difficult to find or pin down
parry
fend off, dodge
shirk
neglect or ignore
aspiration
hope, ambition, breathing in
avarice
greed
proclivity
tendency
predestine
determined ahead of time
instigate
urge, incite
inveigle
acquire through sneakiness
piquant
spicy, as in hot sauce, stimulating, provocative
tantalize
tease, give taste of
profuse
plentiful