Thanksgiving for Deliverance from Death
I love the LORD, because He has heard
My voice and my supplications.
2Because He has inclined His ear to me,
Therefore I will call upon Him as long as I live.
3The pains of death surrounded me,
And the pangs of Sheol laid hold of me;
I found trouble and sorrow.
4Then I called upon the name of the LORD:
“O LORD, I implore You, deliver my soul!”
5Gracious is the LORD, and righteous;
Yes, our God is merciful.
6The LORD preserves the simple;
I was brought low, and He saved me.
7Return to your rest, O my soul,
For the LORD has dealt bountifully with you.
8For You have delivered my soul from death,
My eyes from tears,
And my feet from falling.
9I will walk before the LORD
In the land of the living.
10I believed, therefore I spoke,
“I am greatly afflicted.”
11I said in my haste,
“All men are liars.”
12What shall I render to the LORD
For all His benefits toward me?
13I will take up the cup of salvation,
And call upon the name of the LORD.
14I will pay my vows to the LORD
Now in the presence of all His people.
15Precious in the sight of the LORD
Is the death of His saints.
16O LORD, truly I am Your servant;
I am Your servant, the son of Your maidservant;
You have loosed my bonds.
17I will offer to You the sacrifice of thanksgiving,
And will call upon the name of the LORD.
18I will pay my vows to the LORD
Now in the presence of all His people,
19In the courts of the LORD’s house,
In the midst of you, O Jerusalem.
Praise the LORD!
Let All Peoples Praise the LORD
Praise the LORD, all you Gentiles!
Laud Him, all you peoples!
2For His merciful kindness is great toward us,
And the truth of the LORD endures forever.
Praise the LORD!
Praise to God for His Everlasting Mercy
Oh, give thanks to the LORD, for He is good!
For His mercy endures forever.
2Let Israel now say,
“His mercy endures forever.”
3Let the house of Aaron now say,
“His mercy endures forever.”
4Let those who fear the LORD now say,
“His mercy endures forever.”
5I called on the LORD in distress;
The LORD answered me and set me in a broad place.
6The LORD is on my side;
I will not fear.
What can man do to me?
7The LORD is for me among those who help me;
Therefore I shall see my desire on those who hate me.
8It is better to trust in the LORD
Than to put confidence in man.
9It is better to trust in the LORD
Than to put confidence in princes.
10All nations surrounded me,
But in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.
11They surrounded me,
Yes, they surrounded me;
But in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.
12They surrounded me like bees;
They were quenched like a fire of thorns;
For in the name of the LORD I will destroy them.
13You pushed me violently, that I might fall,
But the LORD helped me.
14The LORD is my strength and song,
And He has become my salvation.a
15The voice of rejoicing and salvation
Is in the tents of the righteous;
The right hand of the LORD does valiantly.
16The right hand of the LORD is exalted;
The right hand of the LORD does valiantly.
17I shall not die, but live,
And declare the works of the LORD.
18The LORD has chastened me severely,
But He has not given me over to death.
19Open to me the gates of righteousness;
I will go through them,
And I will praise the LORD.
20This is the gate of the LORD,
Through which the righteous shall enter.
21I will praise You,
For You have answered me,
And have become my salvation.
22The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief cornerstone.
23This was the LORD’s doing;
It is marvelous in our eyes.
24This is the day the LORD has made;
We will rejoice and be glad in it.
25Save now, I pray, O LORD;
O LORD, I pray, send now prosperity.
26Blessed is he who comes in the name of the LORD!
We have blessed you from the house of the LORD.
27God is the LORD,
And He has given us light;
Bind the sacrifice with cords to the horns of the altar.
28You are my God, and I will praise You;
You are my God, I will exalt You.
29Oh, give thanks to the LORD, for He is good!
For His mercy endures forever.
Meditations on the Excellencies of the Word of God
ALEPH
Blessed are the undefiled in the way,
Who walk in the law of the LORD!
2Blessed are those who keep His testimonies,
Who seek Him with the whole heart!
3They also do no iniquity;
They walk in His ways.
4You have commanded us
To keep Your precepts diligently.
5Oh, that my ways were directed
To keep Your statutes!
6Then I would not be ashamed,
When I look into all Your commandments.
7I will praise You with uprightness of heart,
When I learn Your righteous judgments.
8I will keep Your statutes;
Oh, do not forsake me utterly!
BETH
9How can a young man cleanse his way?
By taking heed according to Your word.
10With my whole heart I have sought You;
Oh, let me not wander from Your commandments!
11Your word I have hidden in my heart,
That I might not sin against You.
12Blessed are You, O LORD!
Teach me Your statutes.
13With my lips I have declared
All the judgments of Your mouth.
14I have rejoiced in the way of Your testimonies,
As much as in all riches.
15I will meditate on Your precepts,
And contemplate Your ways.
16I will delight myself in Your statutes;
I will not forget Your word.
GIMEL
17Deal bountifully with Your servant,
That I may live and keep Your word.
18Open my eyes, that I may see
Wondrous things from Your law.
19I am a stranger in the earth;
Do not hide Your commandments from me.
20My soul breaks with longing
For Your judgments at all times.
21You rebuke the proud—the cursed,
Who stray from Your commandments.
22Remove from me reproach and contempt,
For I have kept Your testimonies.
23Princes also sit and speak against me,
But Your servant meditates on Your statutes.
24Your testimonies also are my delight
And my counselors.
DALETH
25My soul clings to the dust;
Revive me according to Your word.
26I have declared my ways, and You answered me;
Teach me Your statutes.
27Make me understand the way of Your precepts;
So shall I meditate on Your wonderful works.
28My soul melts from heaviness;
Strengthen me according to Your word.
29Remove from me the way of lying,
And grant me Your law graciously.
30I have chosen the way of truth;
Your judgments I have laid before me.
31I cling to Your testimonies;
O LORD, do not put me to shame!
32I will run the course of Your commandments,
For You shall enlarge my heart.
HE
33Teach me, O LORD, the way of Your statutes,
And I shall keep it to the end.
34Give me understanding, and I shall keep Your law;
Indeed, I shall observe it with my whole heart.
35Make me walk in the path of Your commandments,
For I delight in it.
36Incline my heart to Your testimonies,
And not to covetousness.
37Turn away my eyes from looking at worthless things,
And revive me in Your way.a
38Establish Your word to Your servant,
Who is devoted to fearing You.
39Turn away my reproach which I dread,
For Your judgments are good.
40Behold, I long for Your precepts;
Revive me in Your righteousness.
WAW
41Let Your mercies come also to me, O LORD—
Your salvation according to Your word.
42So shall I have an answer for him who reproaches me,
For I trust in Your word.
43And take not the word of truth utterly out of my mouth,
For I have hoped in Your ordinances.
44So shall I keep Your law continually,
Forever and ever.
45And I will walk at liberty,
For I seek Your precepts.
46I will speak of Your testimonies also before kings,
And will not be ashamed.
47And I will delight myself in Your commandments,
Which I love.
48My hands also I will lift up to Your commandments,
Which I love,
And I will meditate on Your statutes.
ZAYIN
49Remember the word to Your servant,
Upon which You have caused me to hope.
50This is my comfort in my affliction,
For Your word has given me life.
51The proud have me in great derision,
Yet I do not turn aside from Your law.
52I remembered Your judgments of old, O LORD,
And have comforted myself.
53Indignation has taken hold of me
Because of the wicked, who forsake Your law.
54Your statutes have been my songs
In the house of my pilgrimage.
55I remember Your name in the night, O LORD,
And I keep Your law.
56This has become mine,
Because I kept Your precepts.
HETH
57You are my portion, O LORD;
I have said that I would keep Your words.
58I entreated Your favor with my whole heart;
Be merciful to me according to Your word.
59I thought about my ways,
And turned my feet to Your testimonies.
60I made haste, and did not delay
To keep Your commandments.
61The cords of the wicked have bound me,
But I have not forgotten Your law.
62At midnight I will rise to give thanks to You,
Because of Your righteous judgments.
63I am a companion of all who fear You,
And of those who keep Your precepts.
64The earth, O LORD, is full of Your mercy;
Teach me Your statutes.
TETH
65You have dealt well with Your servant,
O LORD, according to Your word.
66Teach me good judgment and knowledge,
For I believe Your commandments.
67Before I was afflicted I went astray,
But now I keep Your word.
68You are good, and do good;
Teach me Your statutes.
69The proud have forged a lie against me,
But I will keep Your precepts with my whole heart.
70Their heart is as fat as grease,
But I delight in Your law.
71It is good for me that I have been afflicted,
That I may learn Your statutes.
72The law of Your mouth is better to me
Than thousands of coins of gold and silver.
YOD
73Your hands have made me and fashioned me;
Give me understanding, that I may learn Your commandments.
74Those who fear You will be glad when they see me,
Because I have hoped in Your word.
75I know, O LORD, that Your judgments are right,
And that in faithfulness You have afflicted me.
76Let, I pray, Your merciful kindness be for my comfort,
According to Your word to Your servant.
77Let Your tender mercies come to me, that I may live;
For Your law is my delight.
78Let the proud be ashamed,
For they treated me wrongfully with falsehood;
But I will meditate on Your precepts.
79Let those who fear You turn to me,
Those who know Your testimonies.
80Let my heart be blameless regarding Your statutes,
That I may not be ashamed.
KAPH
81My soul faints for Your salvation,
But I hope in Your word.
82My eyes fail from searching Your word,
Saying, “When will You comfort me?”
83For I have become like a wineskin in smoke,
Yet I do not forget Your statutes.
84How many are the days of Your servant?
When will You execute judgment on those who persecute me?
85The proud have dug pits for me,
Which is not according to Your law.
86All Your commandments are faithful;
They persecute me wrongfully;
Help me!
87They almost made an end of me on earth,
But I did not forsake Your precepts.
88Revive me according to Your lovingkindness,
So that I may keep the testimony of Your mouth.
LAMED
89Forever, O LORD,
Your word is settled in heaven.
90Your faithfulness endures to all generations;
You established the earth, and it abides.
91They continue this day according to Your ordinances,
For all are Your servants.
92Unless Your law had been my delight,
I would then have perished in my affliction.
93I will never forget Your precepts,
For by them You have given me life.
94I am Yours, save me;
For I have sought Your precepts.
95The wicked wait for me to destroy me,
But I will consider Your testimonies.
96I have seen the consummation of all perfection,
But Your commandment is exceedingly broad.
MEM
97Oh, how I love Your law!
It is my meditation all the day.
98You, through Your commandments, make me wiser than my enemies;
For they are ever with me.
99I have more understanding than all my teachers,
For Your testimonies are my meditation.
100I understand more than the ancients,
Because I keep Your precepts.
101I have restrained my feet from every evil way,
That I may keep Your word.
102I have not departed from Your judgments,
For You Yourself have taught me.
103How sweet are Your words to my taste,
Sweeter than honey to my mouth!
104Through Your precepts I get understanding;
Therefore I hate every false way.
NUN
105Your word is a lamp to my feet
And a light to my path.
106I have sworn and confirmed
That I will keep Your righteous judgments.
107I am afflicted very much;
Revive me, O LORD, according to Your word.
108Accept, I pray, the freewill offerings of my mouth, O LORD,
And teach me Your judgments.
109My life is continually in my hand,
Yet I do not forget Your law.
110The wicked have laid a snare for me,
Yet I have not strayed from Your precepts.
111Your testimonies I have taken as a heritage forever,
For they are the rejoicing of my heart.
112I have inclined my heart to perform Your statutes
Forever, to the very end.
SAMEK
113I hate the double-minded,
But I love Your law.
114You are my hiding place and my shield;
I hope in Your word.
115Depart from me, you evildoers,
For I will keep the commandments of my God!
116Uphold me according to Your word, that I may live;
And do not let me be ashamed of my hope.
117Hold me up, and I shall be safe,
And I shall observe Your statutes continually.
118You reject all those who stray from Your statutes,
For their deceit is falsehood.
119You put away all the wicked of the earth like dross;
Therefore I love Your testimonies.
120My flesh trembles for fear of You,
And I am afraid of Your judgments.
AYIN
121I have done justice and righteousness;
Do not leave me to my oppressors.
122Be surety for Your servant for good;
Do not let the proud oppress me.
123My eyes fail from seeking Your salvation
And Your righteous word.
124Deal with Your servant according to Your mercy,
And teach me Your statutes.
125I am Your servant;
Give me understanding,
That I may know Your testimonies.
126It is time for You to act, O LORD,
For they have regarded Your law as void.
127Therefore I love Your commandments
More than gold, yes, than fine gold!
128Therefore all Your precepts concerning all things
I consider to be right;
I hate every false way.
PE
129Your testimonies are wonderful;
Therefore my soul keeps them.
130The entrance of Your words gives light;
It gives understanding to the simple.
131I opened my mouth and panted,
For I longed for Your commandments.
132Look upon me and be merciful to me,
As Your custom is toward those who love Your name.
133Direct my steps by Your word,
And let no iniquity have dominion over me.
134Redeem me from the oppression of man,
That I may keep Your precepts.
135Make Your face shine upon Your servant,
And teach me Your statutes.
136Rivers of water run down from my eyes,
Because men do not keep Your law.
TSADDE
137Righteous are You, O LORD,
And upright are Your judgments.
138Your testimonies, which You have commanded,
Are righteous and very faithful.
139My zeal has consumed me,
Because my enemies have forgotten Your words.
140Your word is very pure;
Therefore Your servant loves it.
141I am small and despised,
Yet I do not forget Your precepts.
142Your righteousness is an everlasting righteousness,
And Your law is truth.
143Trouble and anguish have overtaken me,
Yet Your commandments are my delights.
144The righteousness of Your testimonies is everlasting;
Give me understanding, and I shall live.
QOPH
145I cry out with my whole heart;
Hear me, O LORD!
I will keep Your statutes.
146I cry out to You;
Save me, and I will keep Your testimonies.
147I rise before the dawning of the morning,
And cry for help;
I hope in Your word.
148My eyes are awake through the night watches,
That I may meditate on Your word.
149Hear my voice according to Your lovingkindness;
O LORD, revive me according to Your justice.
150They draw near who follow after wickedness;
They are far from Your law.
151You are near, O LORD,
And all Your commandments are truth.
152Concerning Your testimonies,
I have known of old that You have founded them forever.
RESH
153Consider my affliction and deliver me,
For I do not forget Your law.
154Plead my cause and redeem me;
Revive me according to Your word.
155Salvation is far from the wicked,
For they do not seek Your statutes.
156Great are Your tender mercies, O LORD;
Revive me according to Your judgments.
157Many are my persecutors and my enemies,
Yet I do not turn from Your testimonies.
158I see the treacherous, and am disgusted,
Because they do not keep Your word.
159Consider how I love Your precepts;
Revive me, O LORD, according to Your lovingkindness.
160The entirety of Your word is truth,
And every one of Your righteous judgments endures forever.
SHIN
161Princes persecute me without a cause,
But my heart stands in awe of Your word.
162I rejoice at Your word
As one who finds great treasure.
163I hate and abhor lying,
But I love Your law.
164Seven times a day I praise You,
Because of Your righteous judgments.
165Great peace have those who love Your law,
And nothing causes them to stumble.
166LORD, I hope for Your salvation,
And I do Your commandments.
167My soul keeps Your testimonies,
And I love them exceedingly.
168I keep Your precepts and Your testimonies,
For all my ways are before You.
TAU
169Let my cry come before You, O LORD;
Give me understanding according to Your word.
170Let my supplication come before You;
Deliver me according to Your word.
171My lips shall utter praise,
For You teach me Your statutes.
172My tongue shall speak of Your word,
For all Your commandments are righteousness.
173Let Your hand become my help,
For I have chosen Your precepts.
174I long for Your salvation, O LORD,
And Your law is my delight.
175Let my soul live, and it shall praise You;
And let Your judgments help me.
176I have gone astray like a lost sheep;
Seek Your servant,
For I do not forget Your commandments.
Plea for Relief from Bitter Foes
A Song of Ascents.
In my distress I cried to the LORD,
And He heard me.
2Deliver my soul, O LORD, from lying lips
And from a deceitful tongue.
3What shall be given to you,
Or what shall be done to you,
You false tongue?
4Sharp arrows of the warrior,
With coals of the broom tree!
5Woe is me, that I dwell in Meshech,
That I dwell among the tents of Kedar!
6My soul has dwelt too long
With one who hates peace.
7I am for peace;
But when I speak, they are for war.
God the Help of Those Who Seek Him
A Song of Ascents.
I will lift up my eyes to the hills—
From whence comes my help?
2My help comes from the LORD,
Who made heaven and earth.
3He will not allow your foot to be moved;
He who keeps you will not slumber.
4Behold, He who keeps Israel
Shall neither slumber nor sleep.
5The LORD is your keeper;
The LORD is your shade at your right hand.
6The sun shall not strike you by day,
Nor the moon by night.
7The LORD shall preserve you from all evil;
He shall preserve your soul.
8The LORD shall preserve your going out and your coming in
From this time forth, and even forevermore.
The Joy of Going to the House of the LORD
A Song of Ascents. Of David.
I was glad when they said to me,
“Let us go into the house of the LORD.”
2Our feet have been standing
Within your gates, O Jerusalem!
3Jerusalem is built
As a city that is compact together,
4Where the tribes go up,
The tribes of the LORD,
To the Testimony of Israel,
To give thanks to the name of the LORD.
5For thrones are set there for judgment,
The thrones of the house of David.
6Pray for the peace of Jerusalem:
“May they prosper who love you.
7Peace be within your walls,
Prosperity within your palaces.”
8For the sake of my brethren and companions,
I will now say, “Peace be within you.”
9Because of the house of the LORD our God
I will seek your good.
Prayer for Relief from Contempt
A Song of Ascents.
Unto You I lift up my eyes,
O You who dwell in the heavens.
2Behold, as the eyes of servants look to the hand of their masters,
As the eyes of a maid to the hand of her mistress,
So our eyes look to the LORD our God,
Until He has mercy on us.
3Have mercy on us, O LORD, have mercy on us!
For we are exceedingly filled with contempt.
4Our soul is exceedingly filled
With the scorn of those who are at ease,
With the contempt of the proud.
The LORD the Defense of His People
A Song of Ascents. Of David.
“If it had not been the LORD who was on our side,”
Let Israel now say—
2“If it had not been the LORD who was on our side,
When men rose up against us,
3Then they would have swallowed us alive,
When their wrath was kindled against us;
4Then the waters would have overwhelmed us,
The stream would have gone over our soul;
5Then the swollen waters
Would have gone over our soul.”
6Blessed be the LORD,
Who has not given us as prey to their teeth.
7Our soul has escaped as a bird from the snare of the fowlers;a
The snare is broken, and we have escaped.
8Our help is in the name of the LORD,
Who made heaven and earth.
The LORD the Strength of His People
A Song of Ascents.
Those who trust in the LORD
Are like Mount Zion,
Which cannot be moved, but abides forever.
2As the mountains surround Jerusalem,
So the LORD surrounds His people
From this time forth and forever.
3For the scepter of wickedness shall not rest
On the land allotted to the righteous,
Lest the righteous reach out their hands to iniquity.
4Do good, O LORD, to those who are good,
And to those who are upright in their hearts.
5As for such as turn aside to their crooked ways,
The LORD shall lead them away
With the workers of iniquity.
Peace be upon Israel!
A Joyful Return to Zion
A Song of Ascents.
When the LORD brought back the captivity of Zion,
We were like those who dream.
2Then our mouth was filled with laughter,
And our tongue with singing.
Then they said among the nations,
“The LORD has done great things for them.”
3The LORD has done great things for us,
And we are glad.
4Bring back our captivity, O LORD,
As the streams in the South.
5Those who sow in tears
Shall reap in joy.
6He who continually goes forth weeping,
Bearing seed for sowing,
Shall doubtless come again with rejoicing,
Bringing his sheaves with him.
Laboring and Prospering with the LORD
A Song of Ascents. Of Solomon.
Unless the LORD builds the house,
They labor in vain who build it;
Unless the LORD guards the city,
The watchman stays awake in vain.
2It is vain for you to rise up early,
To sit up late,
To eat the bread of sorrows;
For so He gives His beloved sleep.
3Behold, children are a heritage from the LORD,
The fruit of the womb is a reward.
4Like arrows in the hand of a warrior,
So are the children of one’s youth.
5Happy is the man who has his quiver full of them;
They shall not be ashamed,
But shall speak with their enemies in the gate.
Blessings of Those Who Fear the LORD
A Song of Ascents.
Blessed is every one who fears the LORD,
Who walks in His ways.
2When you eat the labor of your hands,
You shall be happy, and it shall be well with you.
3Your wife shall be like a fruitful vine
In the very heart of your house,
Your children like olive plants
All around your table.
4Behold, thus shall the man be blessed
Who fears the LORD.
5The LORD bless you out of Zion,
And may you see the good of Jerusalem
All the days of your life.
6Yes, may you see your children’s children.
Peace be upon Israel!
Song of Victory over Zion’s Enemies
Song of Ascents.
“Many a time they have afflicted me from my youth,”
Let Israel now say—
2“Many a time they have afflicted me from my youth;
Yet they have not prevailed against me.
3The plowers plowed on my back;
They made their furrows long.”
4The LORD is righteous;
He has cut in pieces the cords of the wicked.
5Let all those who hate Zion
Be put to shame and turned back.
6Let them be as the grass on the housetops,
Which withers before it grows up,
7With which the reaper does not fill his hand,
Nor he who binds sheaves, his arms.
8Neither let those who pass by them say,
“The blessing of the LORD be upon you;
We bless you in the name of the LORD!”
Waiting for the Redemption of the LORD
A Song of Ascents.
Out of the depths I have cried to You, O LORD;
2Lord, hear my voice!
Let Your ears be attentive
To the voice of my supplications.
3If You, LORD, should mark iniquities,
O Lord, who could stand?
4But there is forgiveness with You,
That You may be feared.
5I wait for the LORD, my soul waits,
And in His word I do hope.
6My soul waits for the Lord
More than those who watch for the morning—
Yes, more than those who watch for the morning.
7O Israel, hope in the LORD;
For with the LORD there is mercy,
And with Him is abundant redemption.
8And He shall redeem Israel
From all his iniquities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------不尙賢, 使民不爭,
不貴難得之貨, 使民不爲盜,
不見可欲, 使民心不亂,
是以聖人之治,
虛其心, 實其腹, 弱其志, 强其骨,
常使民無知無欲, 使夫智者不敢爲也,
爲無爲, 則無不治.
大成若缺, 其用不弊,
大盈若沖, 其用不窮,
大直若屈, 大巧若拙, 大辯若訥,
躁勝寒, 靜勝熱, 淸靜爲天下正.
致虛極, 守靜篤,
萬物竝作, 吾以觀復,
夫物芸芸, 各復歸其根,
歸根曰靜, 是謂復命,
復命曰常, 知常曰明,
不知常, 妄作凶,
知常容, 容乃公, 公乃王, 王乃天, 天乃道,
道乃久, 沒身不殆.
道常無爲而無不爲,
侯王若能守之, 萬物將自化,
化而欲作, 吾將鎭之以無名之樸,
無名之樸, 夫亦將無欲, 不欲以靜, 天下將自定.
重爲輕根, 靜爲躁君,
是以聖人終日行不離輜重, 雖有榮觀, 燕處超然,
柰何萬乘之主, 而以身輕天下,
輕則失本, 躁則失君.
絶聖棄智, 民利百倍,
絶仁棄義, 民復孝慈,
絶巧棄利, 盜賊無有,
此三者以爲文不足,
故令有所屬,
見素抱樸, 少私寡欲.
絶學無憂,
唯之與阿, 相去幾何,
善之與惡, 相去若何,
人之所畏, 不可不畏, 荒兮其未央哉,
衆人熙熙, 如享太牢, 如春登臺,
衆人皆有餘, 而我獨若遺, 我愚人之心也哉, 沌沌兮,
俗人昭昭, 我獨昏昏,
俗人察察, 我獨悶悶,
澹兮其若海, 飂兮若無止,
衆人皆有以, 而我獨頑似鄙,
我獨異於人, 而貴食母.
載營魄抱一, 能無離乎,
專氣致柔, 能嬰兒乎,
滌除玄覽, 能無疵乎,
愛民治國, 能無知乎,
天門開闔, 能無雌乎,
明白四達, 能無爲乎,
生之畜之,
生而不有, 爲而不恃, 長而不宰,
是謂玄德.
知其雄, 守其雌, 爲天下谿,
爲天下谿, 常德不離, 復歸於嬰兒,
知其白, 守其黑, 爲天下式,
爲天下式, 常德不忒, 復歸於無極,
知其榮, 守其辱, 爲天下谷,
爲天下谷, 常德乃足, 復歸於樸,
樸散則爲器. 聖人用之, 則爲官長,
故大制不割.
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