*** #3, #6번에 대한 테마와 구조 ***

[박정은]

#3

#3을 푸는 순서

1. Narrator가 이야기하는 Topic sentence를 적습니다

University가 만든 announcement인지, Student가 complain하는 letter인지

2. 만들거나 폐지한다면 왜 그러는지 이유를 알아낸다

Reading을 읽을 때

1. 읽기 전 narrator가 하는 말을 듣고 topic sentence 잡기 (university인지 student인지)

2. 제목 적고 topic sentence 파악

3. passage의 맨 밑에서 2번째 reason 잡고 (also라는 단어 유의해서 보기) 

4. 바로 위의 1st reason 잡기 (동의하거나 반대하는지 알아내기)

Listening을 들을 때

1. 주연과 조연 구분해서 듣기

주연 - Strong voice를 가졌고 의견을 내는 사람 (RC에 있지 않은 내용을 이야기 한다)
조연 - reading을 다시 읽어주는 사람 (topic sentence 이야기 해 줌)

-> topic sentence는 총 3번 언급해주니 놓치면 안되겠죠

#3 틀

 1. 동의했다면             1. 반대했다면                       2. 동의한다                       2. 반대한다

Announcement

#3 building a gym (2007년 6월 30일)

Reading Passage:
(Topic sentence) The university has a plan to build a sports center for students around campus. / Over the past a few years, the university has made enough money (two billion dollars) to invest on school facilities, so it is necessary to make it for all students. / (1st reason) The reason is that students and faculties need a better place to exercise when they have spare time for their health and research and development. / (2nd reason) We also want to meet a better relationship between the community and the university and attract more students every year by providing more convenient facilities.

sample

In this conversation, / the female student strongly disagrees with the announcement given by the president of the university / because she has different ideas for that. / First, she emphasizes that the university need to make up other facilities such as Student Center or Central Library first / because they’re too old for students to use. / Second, she thinks that building a new gym doesn’t seem to have a positive influence on the community / because the university sports teams have been losing more games than winning ones. / So, it’s not going to attract more people living in the community she thinks. / Also, she believes that the gym is still not bad to use. / That’s why she strongly suggests that the university should invest more money on its other facilities / to better meet everybody’s satisfaction.

Letter

#3 A Letter for the Use of Computer Lab Written by a Student (2008년 3월 30일)

Reading Passage:
From: Tommy Keith
To: the University President
Subject: The Use of Computer Lab

Dear the University President
Hello Mr. President! / This is Tommy Keith who is taking a course now in the department of Nature Science. / (Topic Sentence) Actually, I am so satisfied with everything you offer, but your computer lab. / What I would like to say is that the use of your computer lab has been inconvenient due to the lack of equipment and space to use since it was expanded, while trying to use it between classes. / In fact, I am so curious regarding how the student fees have been spent on and where you will invest the money on next. / (1st reason) In my point of view, / you have to make the computer lab larger than now to let more students use with ease and (2nd reason) put the rest of the money remaining into getting more computers for students’ better convenience

sample
In this conversation, / the male student strongly disagrees with the letter written by a student / because he believes that the student’s idea is somewhat wrong and too exaggerated. Actually, he says that / the size of the computer lab has been large enough for students to use so far and he emphasizes that / the original problem comes from its time limit to use.  In other words, there’s been no time limit to use, so (for example) “once” a student uses a computer, / the next student should wait for the next turn / until the student stops using it anymore. Therefore, he “insists” (that) the time schedule “should “be made specifically for better convenience. Second of all, he anticipates / expects / predicts (that) / if the university gets more computers in computer lab with the student fees, / students will pay more fees than before / in terms of its maintenance costs. Therefore, he is “not “in favor of / what the letter says for the computer lab

Taking a class

#3 New Library Policy (2008년 11월 30일)
Reading Passage:
(Topic sentence) University has a new policy for sign its central library. / Recently, each student has been able to check out 30 books with a student I.D. card. / (1st reason) However, we want to change the opportunity checking out from 30 to 10 in order to give more students more books fairly. / (2nd reason) Also, they have a plan to increase the number of copy machines for better convenience

sample
In this conversation, the male student strongly agrees with the new library policy, both decreasing the number of books for check-out, and increasing the number of copy machines for better satisfaction. / Actually, he gives his personal experience for holding his opinion. / When he had to write his term paper regarding “George Washington” about two years ago, (he says) it was very hard to find proper reading materials for that because most of those books I needed had been checked out already by other students. / That’s why he believes that if university has this kind of new regulation, every book can be circulated more frequently and eventually, students also will be very satisfied with the new rule. / Furthermore, he emphasizes that if there is more copy machines in library, students will use them very usefully because only a few pages of books are needed to use for their term papers. / In other words, he anticipates (that) students will make a copy of the books they need rather than (they) check them out. / That’s why he’s in favor of the new policy

Doing activity

#3 Purchasing a New Audio System” in School Newspaper (2007년 9월 8일)

Reading Passage:
(Topic sentence) University has a plan to make a purchase for a new audio system in order to let students enjoy watching a movie in student hall center. / (1st reason) They believe that they will make quite much money by selling tickets for the new facility. / (2nd reason) They also have found out a result that one of the most enjoyable hobbies that students have had is seeing a movie, so they want to make this new system for students.

sample
In this conversation, / the male student strongly disagrees with the statement / that the University has a plan to build a new audio system for students’ better satisfaction / because he maintains that the university student hall is too old to use for a place like a movie theater. / He explains that the hall is as old as it could be used “at best” for a gym. / That’s why he predicts that upgrading the new system would be in vain unlike the purpose they have. / Furthermore, he is not in favor of the result of the survey that seeing a movie is the best choice for students. / He emphasizes that there is no better choice, but “at best” watching a movie as an activity on campus for students. / That’s why he entirely suggests that university should make a better system for students, not harder

Getting a job

#3 Elimination of Free Teaching Children Service (2007년 10월 20일)

Reading Passage:

(Topic sentence) University has decided to discontinue its voluntary teaching service for children. / The main reason for this decision is that only a few children attend the class and this system is very expensive to operate. / (1st reason) Recently, the center has been moved off campus near library surrounding student center. / (2nd reason) The money saved by eliminating the free teaching service will be invested on other activities such as Home-Coming Day for graduate students

sample

In this conversation, / the female student strongly disagrees with the statement given by the University. / It says that the University has a plan to eliminate its voluntary teaching service for children. / However, she says that / the real reason why only a few students have participated in the voluntary work is because the place has been moved out of campus. / So, it has been so hard for students to volunteer she says. / She also says that it makes the situation much worse. / Second, she really insists that / the University should keep the voluntary work for the students who want to make a big achievement by teaching children. / Also, she believes (that) / if students do so, they’ll have a positive influence on that when they get a job. / That’s why she is not in favor of the University new policy

Staying in dorm

#3 Announcement for Dormitory (2010년 1월 17일)

Reading Passage:

(Topic sentence) University has a plan to let students live in dormitory with those who are same peers or have similar major fields. / (1st reason) The main reason for this idea is that students can have common issues related with their major fields living with their roommates who have same areas. / (2nd reason) Also, it prevents students from moving out of the dormitory to the apartments.

sample

In this conversation, the female student strongly disagrees with the announcement given by the University. / She believes that having a roommate who has a same major field doesn’t always have a beneficial influence on students each other. / Actually, she gives us her personal experience for holding her opinion. / She says that even if she had a roommate majoring in French History different from her major, Biology, there was no problem living together. / Also, she emphasizes that the movement from the university dorm to new places comes from finding better places for students, so what she explains is that moving out of campus is nothing to do with the conflicts made in students using same dormitory.

Template

Agreement

State his / her opinion!

Step 1: In this conversation, / the (fe/male) student (strongly) agrees with the (announcement or letter) given by the (University or student).

Step 2: Next, 읽기 지문의 “Topic Sentence”의 동사를 바꿔서 간략하게 설명한다. / 왜냐하면, “시험관인 ETS는 읽기지문을 읽지 않았다는 전제”에서 답변해야 하기 때문이다

It says / (that) the University has a plan to do “something” for students / or the student who wrote the letter complains how to use one of the university facilities or how to keep one of the university policies.

==================================================================================

“Explain the reasons she or he gives for holding that opinion!”

Step 3: In the conversation, s/he says that “those two reasons in the reading passage to support the topic sentence in the reading passage” are very practical and ideal to students.

“The first reason she/he has for holding that opinion!”

Step 4: First of all, s/he is in favor of “the first reason to support the topic sentence in the reading passage” because she has “a specific reason” why she agrees with it. (읽기 지문의 첫 번째 안건에 동의하게 된 “구체적인 이유1”을 자세하게 설명한다: 가능한 한 자세하게 Note-Taking하고 템플릿을 이용해서 많은 연습을 해야 할 것입니다!).

=============================================================================================

“The second reason s/he has for holding that opinion!”

Step 5: Furthermore, (s) he “continuously” agrees with the second reason to support the topic sentence in the reading passage by explaining the specific reason (s) he has for holding that opinion in detail.

=============================================================================================

Disagreement

“State his/her opinion!”

Step 1: In this conversation, / the (fe/male) student (strongly) disagrees with the (announcement or letter) given by the (University or student).

Step 2: Next, 읽기 지문의 “Topic Sentence”의 동사를 바꿔서 간략하게 설명한다. / 왜냐하면, “시험관인 ETS는 읽기지문을 읽지 않았다는 전제”에서 답변해야 하기 때문이다

It says (that) the University has a plan to do “something” for students or the student who wrote the letter complains how to use one of the university facilities or how to follow one of the university policies.

============================================================================================

“Explain the reasons s/he gives for holding that opinion!”

Step 3: However, in the conversation, s/he says those two reasons in the reading passage to support the topic sentence in the reading passage are not practical and too ideal to students.

“The first reason s/he has for holding that opinion!”

Step 4: First of all, s/he is not in favor of the first reason to support the topic sentence in the reading passage because she has a specific reason or a different idea why she disagrees with it. (읽기 지문의 첫 번째 안건에 반대하게 된 “구체적인 이유1”을 자세하게 설명한다: 그러므로 평상시 듣기 연습을 하면서 가능한 한 자세하게 Note-Taking하고 템플릿을 이용해서 연습량을 늘린다면, 반드시 시험을 치를 때 더 자신 있게 말을 함으로써 더 나은 성과를 만들 수 있을 것이다!).

=============================================================================================

“The second reason she/he has for holding that opinion!”

Step 5: Furthermore, (s) he “continuously” disagrees with the second reason to support the topic sentence in the reading passage by explaining the specific reason (s) he has for holding that opinion in detail.

#6

#6의 topic

1. Biology - 동식물이 살아남는다 (to survive)

동식물의 이야기 -> 동식물의 종류 -> 동식물이 ~을 한다 -> 주제: to be survival

2. Business (advertisement, economy) - 사람들간의 to be survival
3. Psychology - 사람에 관한 연구
아이 (실험, 교육하는 과정), 어른들 (성취)
4. @ - art, history

#6을 풀 때

1. 시작하기 전 그림 그려 놓기

Topic

Supporting (이유 or 정의)

Example a <-비교되는 설명-> Example b

2. Title을 듣고 Definition 들을 준비하기

3. 들리는 구조를 그리면서 note taking 하기

#6 tip

1. 6번은 example 2개가 뚜렷이 나온다
2. 가능하면 자세한 이야기를 다 받아 적는 것이 좋다

3. Example을 잘 듣기 위해선 topic을 잘 잡는 것이 중요하다

4. topic 잡고 guessing하고, specific example에서 고도의 집중을 해라

5. example 2개의 대조적인 비교해 보기

Business

#6 Giffen’s Goods (2008년 1월 13일)

In this lecture, / the female lecturer mainly talks about “Giffen Goods” in marketing class / in order to explain how these goods are different from normal goods / and what usually happens when the price of goods increases. / Actually, she gives us two different situations for that. / She says that “typically” if the price of normal goods increases, its demand will decrease. / In other words, price and demand pull in opposite directions; if price goes up, then the quantity demanded goes down. / There’re some examples (for that), coffee presented by the lecturer. / However, Giffen Goods differ from this normal case. / She uses the price of bread in 1800 era in England as an example. / At that time, people mostly ate bread because of its low price compared with meat. / However, even if the price of bread increased so high, still the demand of buying more bread was “yet / still” higher than that of meat because “still” the price of bread was reasonable enough compared with the price of meat

Biology

#6 Forest Fire in Biology (2007년 10월 27일)

In this lecture, / the lecturer mainly talks about “Forest Fire” (that is) related with Biology. / She explains that it gives us two types of advantages / in terms of being able to reserve healthy nature and raise wild small animals. / In the first benefit of the examples presented by the lecturer, it is good for small trees. / She says that / there could be a lot of sunshine for those kinds of plants after the Forest Fire. / She believes that if removing old and tall trees by conducting this kind of campaign, / small trees will be able to get more nourishment from the ashes. / The second benefit is to raise wild “especially” small animals in terms of providing them with a plenty of habitats made by eliminating old and tall trees. / In other words, (she explains) if any fire catches in forest, wild small animals can move into the huge place made in order to hide and live in. / That’s why it is very beneficial to those small animals she says

Psychology

#6 Two Types of Rewards (2008년 3월 30일)

In this lecture, / the (male) lecturer mainly talks about two types of rewards in psychology class / in order to explain “how children keep their behavior.” / Actually, he gives us two groups (for the experiment) as examples. / Actually, the results of the groups are very different from each other. / One is a child (whose name is Jenny and) who didn’t want to clean up her room by herself even if her room was so dirty. / However, she could change her misbehavior very easily. / In other words, / for example, / her parents often gave her some money for the kind of reward / whenever she finished cleaning up her room for herself. / The other (experiment) is “also” related with the child, Jenny, who often played the piano when having a free time, / but she’d seldom played the piano even if she had a lot of spare time / because her parents often gave her some money for her playing the piano. / That means (that) / if children “always” do really good jobs, / giving rewards is no more working for making them keep their good behaviors / because they think of their good jobs as kinds of duties. / As a result, the lecturer suggests (that) parents should give proper rewards (from time to time) to “only” children that misbehave

@

#6 Irrigation for Farm (2008년 8월 24일)

In this lecture, / the lecturer mainly talks about two types of irrigation for farming / in order to explain how farmers irrigate for crops and how those systems are different each other. / She defines irrigation that is kind of method to use water from other places into the place there is no water for crops. / There’re two different irrigation systems. / One is Central Irrigation and the other one is Local Irrigation. / In the first case of the examples, Central Irrigation, / farmers can use water from river or creek nearby. / She says that its cost is very reasonable, but sometimes so wasteful in terms of supplying water to some places where no crops grow. / In the second case of the examples, Local Irrigation, / it is very different from Central Irrigation. / Actually, farmers can use water from some wells, / so they can give water their crops individually. / But it is very expensive.

[정초롱]

감사합니다 ! 잘볼게요 - ㅎㅎ

[『⒫ine⒦iss』]

감사해요^,^

[민트수빈]

실세망내야~ 고마워 ^^ 수고햇엉!!

[SangCheolKim]

하하하...실세...막내...홧팅...

[웜업튜던]

와우- 감사합니다~ 통합형이 이런 거구나 다시 한 번 머릿 속에 상기시키게 되네요..!!

[입문조교전가]

ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ정은이 짱 ^^

[봉춘]

고생했음!ㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋㅋ

[좌니]

미치겟답..엄청복잡어렵당.

[조교유진♡]

와! 멋져 정은!!!^^

[정규조교건]

정은아 고맙다 !!

[전지은]

와웅막내도짱이넹 잘볼게!!!

[ahran]

오~~아직 다루지 않아 본 부분이라 낯설었는데~~깔끔하게 구조를 잡아주셔서 넘 감사합니다!!

[기본민호]

와우 쩡은이 짱~ㅋㅋ 필기하느라 수고했어

[차지현]

넘넘 수고했어 우리 귀염둥이 조교님

[박정민]

감사합니다~ 열심히 볼께요^^

[조교 고영호]

정은아 고마워^^ 열공 할께

[생각대로 토풀]

감사합니당.. ^^

[김하늘]

막내야ㅋㅋ 짱이야ㅋㅋㅋ열공할게!!ㅋㅋㅋ

[Yoo Jeong]

쩡은아 고마워 애긴데 필기는 완전고수다 히히히히고마워^^배워야게따너한테

[정하연]

우와..감사합니당!!!!!!!!!

[박진흠]

글 감사합니다

[heegini]

#3 new policy in lib 2008/11/30에서 sign을,.....sing이라고 하신건가욧..?

[박정은]

감ㅅㅏ합니다