홍남기 부총리, 제3차 G20 재무장관회의(비대면) 참석 결과

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홍남기 부총리, 제3차 G20 재무장관회의(비대면) 참석 결과

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200718 (사후보도자료) G20 재무장관회의(최종).hwp

홍남기 부총리, 제3차 G20 재무장관회의(비대면) 참석 결과

- 한국의 코로나19 대응정책을 공유하고

포스트 코로나 시대 준비, 포용성 제고 등 G20 공조방향 제언 -

□ 홍남기 부총리 겸 기획재정부 장관은 ’20.7.18.(토) 19시 30분(한국시간), 화상으로 개최된「제3차 G20 재무장관ㆍ중앙은행총재 회의」에 참석하였다.

ㅇ 이번 G20 재무장관회의는 당초 사우디아라비아(G20 의장국) 제다에서 개최될 예정이었으나, 코로나19 팬데믹으로 인해 화상으로 개최하였다.

ㅇ 동 회의에는 주요 20개국 및 초청국*의 재무장관ㆍ중앙은행 총재들과 국제통화기금(IMF)ㆍ경제협력개발기구(OECD)ㆍ세계은행(WB)ㆍ금융안정위원회(FSB) 등 주요 국제기구 대표들이 참석하였다.

* 스페인, 싱가포르, 스위스, 요르단, UAE(’20년 걸프협력회의 의장국), 베트남(’20년 ASEAN 의장국), 세네갈(’20년 아프리카 개발을 위한 새로운 파트너십 의장국)

□ 이번 회의에서는 세계경제 전망과 코로나19 대응을 위해 마련했던 G20 액션플랜*의 이행성과 점검, 세계경제 회복을 위한 공조방안이 논의되었다.

* G20이 코로나19 위기극복을 위해 공조해야할 실천과제로서, ①방역대응, ②경제대응, ③국제금융지원 등 단기과제와 ④지속성장 회복, ⑤미래준비 등 중장기과제로 구성

ㅇ 또한, 기회로의 접근성 제고, 개도국 금융지원, 인프라, 국제조세, 금융이슈 등 금년도 G20 재무트랙 주요 성과에 대해 논의하고,

ㅇ G20 재무장관·중앙은행총재 공동합의문을 도출하였다.(☞ 별첨: G20 재무장관회의 코뮤니케(영문))

【 주요 논의결과 】

(1) 1세션: 세계경제와 코로나19 대응 위한 G20 액션플랜

□ 게오르기에바 IMF 총재는 올해 세계경제가 코로나19 장기화 등에 따라 당초 예상보다 악화*될 것으로 전망하였다.

* 올해 성장전망(IMF): (’20.4월) △3.0 → (’20.6월) △4.9

ㅇ 팬데믹 전개양상의 불확실성, 다자주의 후퇴 등을 주요 위험요인으로 꼽으며, 이에 대응하기 위해 무역제한조치 완화, 금융안전망 확충 등 G20의 정책공조가 중요함을 강조하였다.

ㅇ 대다수 G20 회원국들은 IMF의 경제 전망과 위험요인 진단에 공감하고, 세계경제의 위기 극복과 경제회복을 위해 G20의 지속적인 정책공조가 필요하다는 데 뜻을 모았다.

□ 홍 부총리는 1세션에서 국제금융체제 워킹그룹* 공동의장국 자격으로 선도발언을 하였다.

* 국제금융체제 워킹그룹(IFA WG; International Financial Architecture Working Group): 자본이동 관리 등 글로벌 금융안정성 확보방안 마련(공동의장국: 한국, 프랑스)

< 한국의 방역·경제 대응 >

ㅇ 홍 부총리는 한국이 ➊방역대응, ➋경제위기 대응, ➌포스트 코로나 대비 등 3가지 측면에 중점을 두고 대응 중임을 강조하였다.

➊ (방역대응) ➀광범위한 테스트 및 확진자 적기 치료, ➁투명한 정보공개, ➂드라이브쓰루 등 창의적 진단방식 도입, ➃ICT 기술을 활용한 혁신적 방역시스템 도입, ➄시민들의 자발적 참여 등을 통해 코로나19를 성공적으로 관리하고 있으며,

➋ (경제위기 대응) 올해 역성장을 막고 경제회복 및 산업구조 고도화 달성을 위해 3차에 걸친 추경 등 약 2,300억불(277조원)의 직접지원을 추진중이라고 설명하였다.

➌ (포스트 코로나 대비) 셋째로 포스트 코로나 시대에 선제적으로 대응하기 위해 1,300억불(160조원) 규모의 한국판 뉴딜을 추진중이라고 설명하며,

- 경제 전반의 디지털 혁신을 위한 디지털 뉴딜, 저탄소 경제로의 전환 가속화를 위한 그린뉴딜을 추진하고, 고용·사회안전망 강화도 병행할 것이라고 소개하였다.

< 세계경제 회복을 위한 G20 공조방향 제언 >

□ 아울러 홍 부총리는 세계경제 회복을 위해 G20이 중점을 두어야할 3가지 사항을 제언하였다.

➊ 첫째, 방역과 경제간 균형있게 접근해야 한다고 제언하였다.

- 무엇보다 가장 중요한 것은 촘촘하고 적절한 방역조치의 시행이겠으나 동시에 경제활력을 제고해 나가는 데도 전력을 다해야 한다면서,

- 아울러 봉쇄조치 없이 양자를 잘 조화해오고 있는 한국의 경험을 소개하며, 다른 국가들에게도 참고가 될 수 있을 것이라고 제안하였다.

➋ 둘째, 포스트 코로나 시대에 대한 준비를 지금부터 추진해 나가야 한다고 제언하였다.

- 코로나19가 비대면화·디지털화 및 친환경 경제로의 전환을 촉진시킬 것이라고 설명하고,

- 이러한 변화에 각국이 혁신적으로 대응할 필요가 있으며, 한국은 한국판 뉴딜 추진 등 포스트 코로나 시대 준비를 위해 발빠르게 움직이고 있다고 강조하였다.

➌ 셋째, 코로나19의 경제적 타격은 취약계층에 집중되어 양극화를 심화시키므로 포용성(Inclusiveness)을 강화해야 한다고 역설하였다.

- 이를 위해서는 고용 및 사회 안전망 확충, 미래 고용시장 변화에의 사전대비 등 다각적인 노력이 필요하다고 강조하였다.

(2) 2세션: 2020년 G20 재무트랙 주요성과

□ 올해 G20 의장국인 사우디의 알자단 재무장관은 이번 장관회의에 제출된 주요 성과보고서에 대해 설명하고,

ㅇ 기회로의 접근성 제고, 인프라 투자 확대 등 중장기 과제에 대해 차질없이 보고서를 마련한 것에 대해 감사를 표하였다.

□ 홍 부총리는 2세션 발언을 통해 올해 3개 워킹그룹에서 제출한 주요 보고서의 의미와 중요성을 평가하고, 향후 국제사회 연대에 있어서의 시사점을 제언하였다.

	< 참고: G20 워킹그룹 개요 >
◇ 3개 국장급 워킹그룹 운영 → G20 재무장관회의‧정상회의 성과 보고서 마련 ➊ 거시정책공조 워킹그룹(FWG; Framework Working Group): 세계경제 위기극복 및 지속가능한 성장을 위해 시정책 공조방안 마련(공동의장국: 영국, 인도) ➋ 국제금융체제 워킹그룹(IFA WG; International Financial Architecture Working Group): 자본이동 관리 등 글로벌 금융안정성 확보방안 마련(공동의장국: 한국, 프랑스) ➌ 인프라 워킹그룹(IWG; Infrastructure Working Group): 인프라 투자 확대 방안 마련(공동의장국: 호주, 브라질)

ㅇ 거시정책공조 워킹그룹의 “Menu of Policy Options*”에 대해 청년, 여성, 중소기업 등의 경제활동을 진작시켜 포용적 회복(Inclusive Recovery) 관련 유용한 정책참고가 될 것이라고 설명하고,

* 여성과 청년의 경제참여도 제고 및 중소기업 지원을 위해 G20 회원국이 활용할 수 있는 정책옵션을 제시

- 포용성장에 대한 지속적인 관심과 논의를 통해 정책권고 수준까지 발전해 나가야 한다고 제안하였다.

ㅇ 코로나19 대응을 위한 G20의 대표적인 성과인 저소득국 채무상환 유예(DSSI)*에 대해서는,

* Debt Service Suspension Initiative, 앙골라 등 73개 저소득국의 공적채무에 대해 ’20년말(갱신가능)까지 채무상환을 유예

- 채무유예 정보의 투명성 확보, 채무유예로 확보된 재원 지출에 대한 재정모니터링 실시를 통해 저소득국 채무상환 유예 정책의 투명성과 효과성을 제고해야 한다고 제안하였다.

ㅇ 인프라 워킹그룹의‘인프라테크 아젠다*’는 비대면화·디지털화 등 구조변화에 대비하는 디지털인프라 구축의 가이드라인으로서의 유용성을 강조하였다.

* 인프라와 기술의 접목을 위한 정책과제 제안

ㅇ 디지털세 도입과 관련해서는 연말까지 합의에 기반한 과세방안을 도출하는 것이 중요하며, 이를 위해 OECD IF*에서 심도있게 논의를 진행해 줄 것을 촉구하였다.

* Inclusive Framework, 국제적 조세회피 행위에 대한 개선방안 등을 논의하는 회의체(현재 137개국)

(3) 3세션: 코뮤니케 승인

□ 홍 부총리의 1세션 선도발언과 2세션 발언은 많은 G20 회원국의 공감을 이끌어냈고, 이번 코뮤니케에 홍 부총리가 강조한 사항이 상당 부분 반영되었다.

➊ G20은 코로나19로 인한 방역·경제 위기에 적극 대응하고, 재정이 적극적인 역할을 지속해야 함에 대해 합의하였다.

* (Para2) We are taking immediate and exceptional measures to address the COVID-19 pandemic and its intertwined health, social and economic impacts...(중략)..Fiscal and monetary policies will continue operating in a complementary way for as long as required.

➋ G20은 코로나19 이후 경제·사회구조가 급변할 것임을 강조하고, 포스트 코로나 시대 대응을 위해서도 협력하기로 합의하였다.

* (Para2) The global landscape continues to be rapidly transformed by economic, social, environmental, technological and demographic changes. Working together, we will continue, and strengthen as necessary, these efforts to support a fast and robust recovery to achieve strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth.

➌ G20은 불평등 개선 등 포용성 제고를 위한 노력을 지속하기로 합의하였다.

* (Para5) We will continue our efforts to reduce inequalities, reaffirming our previous commitments to promote inclusive growth.

❹ 아울러, 세계경제의 가장 큰 하방위험중 하나이자 향후 경제회복의 장애요인이 될 수 있는 글로벌 밸류체인(Global Value Chain) 와해를 막기 위한 공조에도 합의하였다.

* (Para2) We will continue to facilitate international trade investment and building resilience of supply chains to support growth, productivity, innovation, job creation and development. We will continue to take joint action to strengthen international cooperation and frameworks.

ㅇ 덧붙여 7.16-17일 양일간 약 20시간 동안 진행된 G20 재무차관회의 코뮤니케 협의(대표: 허장 국제경제관리관) 과정에서, 동일 관심사안 회원국과의 활발한 연대를 통해 한국의 입장 반영을 위해 적극 노력하였다.

기획재정부 대변인 세종특별자치시 갈매로 477 정부세종청사 4동 mosfpr@korea.kr

붙임

G20 재무장관회의 코뮤니케(영문)

Communiqué

G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting

18 July 2020

1. Global economic activity is expected to contract sharply in 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated disruptions in supply and demand. While the outlook remains highly uncertain and is subject to elevated downside risks, global economic activity is expected to recover going forward as our economies gradually reopen and the impacts of our significant policy actions materialize. We are determined to continue to use all available policy tools to safeguard people’s lives, jobs and incomes, support global economic recovery, and enhance the resilience of the financial system, while safeguarding against downside risks.

2. We are taking immediate and exceptional measures to address the COVID-19 pandemic and its intertwined health, social and economic impacts, including through the implementation of unprecedented fiscal, monetary and financial stability actions while ensuring that the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) and relevant international organizations can provide critical support to emerging, developing and low-income countries. The global landscape continues to be rapidly transformed by economic, social, environmental, technological and demographic changes. Working together, we will continue, and strengthen as necessary, these efforts to support a fast and robust recovery to achieve strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth, while making the most of current transformations in shaping the recovery, in a way consistent with our pre-crisis agenda. Fiscal and monetary policies will continue operating in a complementary way for as long as required. Monetary policy continues to support economic activity and ensure price stability, consistent with central banks’ mandates. We will continue to facilitate international trade, investment and to build resilience of supply chains to support growth, productivity, innovation, job creation and development. We will continue to take joint action to strengthen international cooperation and frameworks.

3. The G20 Action Plan, endorsed at our meeting on 15 April 2020, sets out the key principles guiding our response and commitments to specific actions to drive forward international economic cooperation as we navigate this crisis and look ahead to a robust, sustained and inclusive global economic recovery. We have made substantive progress in implementing the G20 Action Plan and we endorse the first G20 Action Plan Progress Report (Annex I), which provides information on monitoring Action Plan commitments, including the progress made and the way forward to support the global economic recovery, while enhancing resilience against future shocks, including pandemics, natural disasters and environmental risks.

4. We reiterate our agreement that the G20 Action Plan is a living document that will allow us to respond promptly to the evolving health and economic situation. Recognizing that members are in different stages of responding to the crisis and that the global economic outlook continues to evolve, further steps are needed. In particular, the third pillar of the G20 Action Plan - returning to strong, sustainable, balanced, and inclusive growth once containment measures are lifted – provides the basis to cooperate in support of the global economic recovery. Building on our previous commitments and taking into account discussions at the upcoming joint meeting of G20 Finance and Health Ministers, we task the relevant working groups to develop an updated G20 Action Plan that will be presented to our meeting in October 2020 ahead of the G20 Leaders’ Summit in November 2020. We reaffirm our commitment to regularly review, update, track implementation, and report on the G20 Action Plan.

5. The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the need to enhance access to opportunities for all. We will continue our efforts to reduce inequalities, reaffirming our previous commitments to promote inclusive growth. We will also continue to address the disproportionate impact of the crisis on the most vulnerable segments of society. In this context, we endorse the G20 Menu of Policy Options to Enhance Access to Opportunities for All as a valuable set of policy options that can be leveraged to support the immediate response to the COVID-19 pandemic and move towards a strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive recovery.

6. We welcome the progress achieved under the Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI). As of 18 July 2020, 42 countries have requested to benefit from the DSSI, amounting to an estimated USD 5.3 billion of 2020 debt service to be deferred. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank Group (WBG) have proposed a fiscal monitoring framework and a process to strengthen the quality and consistency of debt data and improve debt disclosure. To provide maximum support to DSSI-eligible countries, we will continue to closely coordinate in its implementation. All official bilateral creditors should implement this initiative fully and in a transparent manner. While protecting their current ratings and low cost of funding, Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) are encouraged to go further on their collective efforts in supporting the DSSI, including through providing DSSI-eligible countries with net positive financial flows over the suspension period of the DSSI, and further details on the new money provided to each eligible country. We take note of the Institute of International Finance (IIF) Terms of Reference for Voluntary Private Sector Participation. We note the need for further progress and strongly encourage private creditors to participate in the DSSI on comparable terms when requested by eligible countries. We will consider a possible extension of the DSSI in the second half of 2020, taking into account the development of the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the findings of a report from the IMF and WBG on the liquidity needs of eligible countries, which will be submitted to the G20 in advance of our meeting in October 2020. We also look forward to an update on the implementation of IIF’s Voluntary Principles for Debt Transparency, including on work to identify a data repository.

7. We remain determined to act swiftly, individually and collectively, including through IFIs, to safeguard financial stability against short-term risks while strengthening long-term financial resilience and supporting growth, including through promoting sustainable capital flows and developing domestic capital markets. We welcome the High-Level Ministerial Conference held by the G20 and Paris Forum on 8 July 2020 “Tackling the COVID-19 Crisis – Restoring Sustainable Flows of Capital and Robust Financing for Development”, whose discussions help inform the work on these issues.

8. We reiterate our commitment to ensure a stronger global financial safety net with a strong, quota-based, and adequately resourced IMF at its center, and will keep demands on the IMF resources under close review. We welcome the actions taken by the IMF in response to the crisis. We welcome the immediate financial contributions pledged to strengthen the IMF’s crisis response capacity to address the critical funding needs of low-income countries and call for more and urgent contributions. We also call on the IMF to explore additional tools that could serve its members’ needs as the crisis evolves, drawing on relevant experiences from previous crises.

9. Infrastructure is a driver of growth and prosperity, is critical to promoting economic recovery and resilience, and can be further enhanced through the use of technology. We endorse the G20 Riyadh InfraTech Agenda, which promotes the use of technology in infrastructure, with the aim of improving investment decisions over the lifecycle, enhancing value for money of infrastructure projects, and promoting quality infrastructure investments for the delivery of better social, economic and environmental outcomes. In line with the G20 Roadmap for Infrastructure as an Asset Class, we welcome the G20/OECD Report on the Collaboration with Institutional Investors and Asset Managers on Infrastructure Investment, which reflects investors’ view on issues and challenges affecting private investment in infrastructure and presents policy options to address them. We look forward to continuing this work through a structured collaboration in a flexible manner, with the participation of interested MDBs and International Organizations (IOs). We welcome the progress made so far and will advance the work related to the G20 Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment, including through the member-led case study survey and the continued exploration of possible indicators. We recognize the need to better inform infrastructure investment decisions through the ongoing work on access to data.

10. We will continue our cooperation for a globally fair, sustainable, and modern international tax system. We acknowledge that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the work of addressing the tax challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy. We stress the importance of the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) to continue advancing the work on a global and consensus-based solution with a report on the blueprints for each pillar to be submitted to our next meeting in October 2020. We remain committed to further progress on both pillars to overcome remaining differences and reaffirm our commitment to reach a global and consensus-based solution this year. We welcome the progress made on implementing the internationally agreed tax transparency standards and the progress made on the established automatic exchange of information, as well as its advancement, marked by the agreement on the model reporting rules for digital platforms for interested countries. We welcome the annual BEPS Progress Report of the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on BEPS. We also welcome the Progress Report of the Platform for Collaboration on Tax and continue our support to developing countries in strengthening their tax capacity to build sustainable tax revenue bases.

11. We reiterate our commitment to the five principles set out in the Financial Stability Board (FSB)’s report on COVID-19 to the G20 in April 2020, which underpin national and international responses to the COVID19 pandemic. We welcome that these responses have been largely in line with, and have reconfirmed commitment to, international standards. We welcome the FSB’s update on COVID-19, highlighting financial stability implications and policy measures taken. We ask the FSB to continue monitoring financial sector vulnerabilities, including those related to liquidity, solvency, and pro-cyclicality, with special attention to the situation of non-financial corporates, and coordinating and communicating clearly on regulatory and supervisory measures among its member jurisdictions, IOs and Standard-Setting Bodies (SSBs). We support using the existing flexibility within international regulatory standards, including on the use of capital and liquidity buffers, without compromising on the previously agreed reforms. We will continue to consider how to safeguard the banking sector’s loss absorbency and lending capacity, including through our approaches regarding constraints on dividends and share buybacks, taking into account country circumstances. We welcome the FSB plan to carry out, by November 2020, a holistic review of the market conditions that prevailed during March 2020, including the implications by the non-bank financial intermediation (NBFI) sector, drawing on the work by the SSBs. We welcome the public consultation report on the FSB’s eval‎uation of the effects of Too-Big-To-Fail reforms, which highlights the significant benefits of these reforms and the need for further work to address remaining obstacles to resolvability. Mobilizing sustainable finance and strengthening financial inclusion are important for global growth and stability. The FSB is continuing to examine the financial stability implications of climate change. We welcome growing private sector participation and transparency in these areas.

12. The impact of COVID-19 has highlighted that the underlying markets that LIBOR seeks to measure are no longer sufficiently active. We reaffirm the importance of the end-2021 deadline for the transition away from LIBOR. We welcome the FSB’s assessment of the level of readiness among market participants and authorities, including its recommendations for addressing remaining challenges and supporting the global transition from LIBOR. We ask the FSB, in collaboration with relevant IOs and SSBs, to continue to monitor LIBOR exposures, transition status and progress in implementing the recommendations in its July 2020 Report to the G20.

13. The pandemic has reaffirmed the need to enhance global cross-border payment arrangements to facilitate lower-cost, faster, more accessible and more transparent payment transactions, including for remittances. We welcome the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI)’s stage two report, which sets out a comprehensive set of “building blocks” to enhance cross-border payment arrangements by addressing long standing frictions. We look forward to the G20 roadmap to enhance global cross-border payment arrangements to be delivered by the FSB, in coordination with IOs and SSBs, by our meeting in October 2020, which will include practical steps and indicative timeframes needed.

14. To harness the opportunities from digital technologies to advance financial inclusion, we endorse the G20 High-level Policy Guidelines on Digital Financial Inclusion for Youth, Women, and SMEs prepared by the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI). We welcome the steps taken by the GPFI to complete the final streamlining activities outlined in the “GPFI Work Program and Structure: A Roadmap to 2020”, including the Financial Inclusion Action Plan and the Terms of Reference update.

15. We support the Anti-money laundering (AML)/Counter-terrorist financing (CFT) policy measures detailed in the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)’s report on COVID-19, and we reaffirm our support for the FATF, as the global standard-setting body for preventing and combating money laundering, terrorist financing and proliferation financing. We reiterate our strong commitment to tackle all sources, techniques and channels of these threats. We reaffirm our commitment to strengthening the FATF’s global network of regional bodies, including by supporting their expertise in mutual eval‎uations, and call for the full, effective and swift implementation of the FATF standards worldwide. We ask the FATF to remain vigilant with respect to emerging financial technologies that may allow for new methods of illicit financing and commend its enhanced focus on those technologies’ potential to support AML and CFT efforts.

16. We emphasize our ongoing support for the G20 Compact with Africa (CwA) initiative and underline the importance of enhanced cooperation between all partners, particularly in these challenging times.