317킬로 그리즐리 vs 250킬로 사자, 그리고 황소와의 혈투.

[대 박]

On April 1, 1895, American businessmen, Mexican elites, local officials, soldiers, vaqueros, and vendors selling cold drinks filed into the Plaza de Toros bullfighting arena in Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. Sitting just across the border with the United States, the bullring had been prepped for a spectacle. Red, white, and green Mexican flags hung throughout the arena, as did the smell of sweat and manure. It was hot, and those unable to afford a seat in the shade suffered in the desert sun.

The unpleasant heat and smell did little to dull the excitement of the coming event. The people in the arena were about to witness a never before seen event. Something reminiscent of the days of Ancient Rome. The crowd was about to watch two of the largest mammals on earth face off in a steel cage match. An American grizzly was going to fight an African lion.

The 700-pound American grizzly sat in the center of the bullring, confined within a fifteen-foot high, thirty-foot wide steel cage draped in canvas. The bear’s opponent, a 550-pound African lion was locked in a pen outside of the arena.

When the designated fight time arrived, the lion’s owner used pokers to prod the lion out of his pen and into a portable cage, which he then wheeled into the bullfighting ring and placed flush against the entryway to the bear’s cage. The crowd gasped audibly upon viewing the jungle cat for the first time, most having never seen such an animal before. The lion broke the silence with a loud roar, which the crowd met with cheering and hollering. When the canvas was removed from the fighting cage, revealing the lion’s grizzly bear opponent, the spectators grew louder. The noise and the sight of the boisterous audience agitated and scared both caged beasts. They wanted to take out their anger and fear on anyone or anything that they could get their paws on.

제가 영어를 잘하지 못하고..그리고 쓰잘데기 없다고 생각되는 내용은 

알아서 잘라 번역하는것이니 더 자세히 읽고 싶으시다면 번역문위의

영어 전문을 참고하시면 됩니다.

해당글은 예전에 다른글에서 같이 올린바가 있으나 

이 글이 좀더 자세한듯 하고 후에 쓸글과 연관이 되는게 있어서 올려봅니다.

참고로 들어가기에 앞서 

등장동물의 이름을 먼저 밣히자면

Parnell= 숫사자의 이름

Ramadan= 회색곰의 이름 ,

bruin= 역시 곰아저씨.. 정도의 뜻으로써 해당글에선 같은 회색곰을 가리키는 말입니다.

Panthera= 황소의 이름. 사자 이름이 아닙니다.

1895년 4월 1일 멕시코에서 두 동물의 싸움이 기획되었습니다.

붙는 동물은 700파운드=317.5킬로의 그리즐리와

550파운드=249.47 킬로의 수사자의 대결이 벌어졌습니다.

그외중략.. 

When a trainer opened the door separating the two animals, the lion immediately leapt fifteen feet into the air and came down directly on top of his grizzly opponent. The bruin, standing on his hind legs, caught the lion as it landed and used his forepaws to hold the cat’s teeth away from its neck. The bear could do nothing, however, to stop the lion’s claws from tearing into its midsection. Fur and blood flew everywhere.

Fortunately for the bear, its thick hide prevented the lion from reaching vital organs. Unfortunately, the grizzly was slow and every attempt to bite and claw the lion failed. The jungle cat was simply too quick. To those in attendance, it looked like the lion would eventually wear down the bear with its claws.

트레이너가 두 동물의 문을 열자 사자는 즉시 15피트를 뛰어올라 곰의 목을 향해 달려들은듯 합니다.

그러나 곰은 뻣뻣이 버티고 서서 사자의 돌격을 버텼으며 그의 앞발로 사자의 이빨이 자신의 목을 노리는걸 방어했다 합니다.

그리고 곰은 아무것도 하지 않았으며 그러나 사자는 앞발로 곰의 몸통부위를 마구 할퀴었다 합니다. 이에 피와 털이 날리고..

그러나 곰의 두꺼운 가죽덕분에 치명적인 타격은 입지 않았으며 곰은 사자를 물고 할퀴려 했으나 느려고 사자가 빨라서 전부 공격이 실패 했다 합니다.

이 상황만 보자면 사자가 곰을 발톱으로 이기는듯 하였으나..

After the animals held their upright position for nineteen minutes, the grizzly realized that it was much stronger and heavier than its opponent. Using its powerful arms, the bruin grabbed the lion and squeezed with all of its might. The beast then created torque with its powerful back and tossed the jungle cat into the air, the lion turning a complete somersault before landing on its feet in the center of the cage. The fight was on.

The two animals belonged to Colonel E. Daniel Boone, great grandnephew of American frontiersman Daniel Boone. Boone was a likeable man who got along well with just about everyone. An animal trainer, Boone had come to Mexico out of desperation. His lion had just killed a man, and he needed to get rid of it. Boone also needed money. He hoped to solve both problems with his animal cage fight.

두 동물은 서로 서있는..? 아마도 곰이 안고 있는듯 한..? 어쨌든 그런 모양새를 19분간 벌였으나, 회색곰은 자신이 사자보다 더 힘이 세고 무겁다는 사실을

깨닫고 그의 앞발을 사용해 사자를 껴안았다 합니다. 그리고 곰은 사자를 공중으로 집어던졌다 합니다. 사자는 이에 안정적으로 착지.

그리고 당연한 이야기지만.. 이 싸움엔 돈이 걸려있었다 합니다.

이 두 동물은 코로넬의 것으로써 해당 사자는 그의 사육사를 죽인 녀석이었으며.. 코로넬은 돈이 필요해서 이 싸움을 벌였다 합니다.

Like his great granduncle, Boone had led an interesting life. Born in Kentucky and raised in Louisiana, Boone served in the Confederate army during the Civil War, earning the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. After the war, Boone joined a group of Americans who landed in Cuba to support the island’s revolution against Spain. From Cuba, Boone traveled to Peru, where he served as a military adviser. He then went to Algeria, where he fought with the French Army against a local insurrection.

During his time in Africa, Boone became acquainted with lions and began training the animals for show. Although the details of his early lion taming days are lacking, Boone became famous for putting his head in a lion’s mouth. He soon began to take the animals to different ports to show off his tricks. His training skills grew over time and word spread throughout Europe and Africa that an American could make the King of the Jungle do whatever he pleased. Boone even came to the attention of the Sultan of Turkey, who, after witnesses one of the trainer’s lion shows, hired Boone to serve in the Turkish army.

After his time in Turkey, Boone returned to Africa and began to search the continent’s interior for lions to sell to circuses in the United States. Although a dangerous job—a wounded lion almost killed Boone in one instance—the trainer soon had a surplus of lions and began training the animals in order to sell them to American circus owner P.T. Barnum. In total, he captured, trained, and sold 130 African cats. After living briefly in London, Boone got married and his wife joined him in training lions. She even performed Boone’s head in the lion’s mouth trick. The couple had two children.

In 1891, the Boone family and their trained lions sailed to the United States where they traveled the vaudeville circuit as performers in the Adam Forepaugh Circus. By 1893, Boone had enough money to open his own vaudeville show.

To entertain crowds that often numbered in the tens of thousands, Boone had his lions ride tricycles, play on seesaws, and hold ropes for dogs to jump over. Over time, he added wolves, bears, gorillas, monkeys, leopards, and tigers to his stable of acts. Although Boone would continue to be the main lion tamer, he also hired attendants to train and care for his animals. Newspapers throughout the United States lauded Boone’s shows, calling them “the most astonishing exhibition of man’s supremacy over the brute creation.” This wasn’t hyperbole. Boone’s animal show rivaled or surpassed all others on the vaudeville circuit.

Although critically successful, the animal show was plagued with problems. Once, when Boone changed clothes between performances, one of his lions got confused, thought Boone was a stranger, and tackled him. The trainer managed to calm the lion before he was hurt, but in another instance, an angry cat forced Boone to flee from the cage. Boone was lucky. One of his trainers would not be.

Boone took his animal exhibit to the San Francisco Midwinter Fair in January 1894. Everything proceeded like normal for the fair’s first two weeks, but during a performance on February 14th, there was a power outage while attendant Carlo Thiemann was repairing the lights in the lion cage. During the blackout, a 550-pound male named Parnell, likely scared by the crowd which had become noisy during the blackout, leapt on Thiemann and began clawing and tearing at his body. The two other lions soon joined in on the assault. Boone reacted quickly, grabbed a lion prod, entered the cage, forced the animals away from the attendant, and dragged the man to safety. In spite of the hasty rescue, Thiemann had lost too much blood by the time he arrived at the hospital and died of his injuries.

Two days after the incident, Boone honored the attendant by holding a dramatic funeral. Dressed like Indians, Mexicans, and Arabs, the members of the circus surrounded the Thiemann’s casket, while a band played a funeral dirge. Boone also brought his lions to the funeral, and they growled during the entire affair to the discomfort of many in attendance.

The death of the trainer put Boone in a predicament. He didn’t know what to do with the lion pack leader, Parnell. Although raised in captivity, Parnell had a reputation for viciousness. During one show, Parnell grabbed one of Boone’s favorite dogs and began to tear into the animal. Boone attempted to scare Parnell into letting the dog go by firing his pistol near the lion’s head, but it was to no effect. Parnell only released the half-dead dog when Boone grabbed a heavy iron bar and prodded the lion.

Boone tried to continue using Parnell after Thiemann’s death, but the animal’s reputation for violence scared away ticket buyers. Many in San Francisco called on the trainer to euthanize the man-killing animal. By March, Boone realized that he could no longer use Parnell in his shows. He would have to get rid of the lion one way or another. Thing was, lions were expensive–Boone estimated that the animals cost over $5,000–and so the trainer didn’t want to waste Parnell’s life if there was a profit to be made.

By spring, 1894, Boone had begun to go broke. It seems that he had expanded his circus too quickly. Perhaps the lion tamer had not realized that as the number of animals in his traveling show grew, so did his bills. Animals have to eat and food costs money. Trainers, ticket takers, and attendants also needed pay. It’s also possible that Boone’s financial woes owed to his gambling. The colonel rarely turned down a bet.

Needing cash and unwilling to euthanize an expensive animal, Boone came up with a plan: he’d put on a death match between Parnell and an American grizzly bear. In the history of the world, such a fight had never happened. When the continents separated millions of years in the past, the two species had not existed in their current form. The first time they’d face off, then, would be under Boone’s direction.

It’s impossible to know where Boone came up with the plan. Although the Ancient Romans had staged hundreds of interspecies fights—including fights between lions and European grizzlies—the practice of pitting two different types of large mammals against one another wasn’t common in modern times. It was too expensive. As Boone well knew, getting a lion from Africa was a costly endeavor. Bears cost money too. You had to pay handsomely to make men risk their lives catching the animals.

Although expensive, interspecies fights did take place in rare instances in modern times. In Paris in 1893, a showman had staged a fight between a polar bear and an African lion, with the jungle cat easily besting his larger opponent. Perhaps Boone had read about this epic encounter when deciding to stage his own, Americanized, version of the fight. Boone may also have developed the idea of fighting a lion and grizzly of his volition. He had bears in his show, and people must have asked which of his animals was the toughest from time to time.

Parnell may have spurned the idea of fighting a bear himself. On March 2, 1894, a California newspaper reported that one morning the lion escaped his cage, somehow gained entry into the pen of a small performing bear, and killed the animal. This implausible scenario, if true, would have certainly given Boone a reason to think about pitting a larger bear against Parnell.

대결과는 상관없는 내용이 상당합니다. 그냥 그래도 올리긴 합니다..번역으론 그런것들은  중략..

해당 수사자 파넬은 야생사자가 아니었으나 포악성을 타고난 녀석으로 코로넬이 가지고 있던 사자들의 리더였다 합니다.

파넬이 사육사를 죽인것은 코로넬을 곤경으로 몰았고 그래서 코로넬은 이종대결을 기획하게 됩니다.

그래서 원래 가지고 있지 않던 회색곰을 거금을 들여 가져오게 됩니다.

그러나 이러한 이종대결은 흔하지 않았던것이기에 그는 이익을 확신한듯 합니다. 그러면서 1893년 파리에서 있었던 북극곰과 아프리카 사자의 대결이 나옵니다.

결과는 사자가 그의 큰 적=북극곰을 쉽게 이겼다 합니다. 

회색곰의 출신에 대해선 의견이 분분한데 체중은 700파운드 정도쯤 나가고..  이정도 체중은 대략 북아메리카 그리즐리의 체중과 비슷하다는 언급과..

출신지는 북아메리카의 그리즐리다, 캘리포니아 그리즐리다, 오레곤에 있던 서커스 그리즐리다..등의 의견이 있다 합니다.

그리고 대결이 벌어지기전 1894년 3월2일.. 수사자 파넬은 케이지를 탈출하여 작은 공연용 곰을 죽였다 합니다.

해당 사건입니다.

Undeterred, Boone decided to move the fight out of county to the Vallejo Race Track. The event was to be held on July 4th and was expected to draw 20,000 spectators. Once again, however, the proposed event was canceled, this time for unknown reasons. Perhaps the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals caught the governor’s ear and had him outlaw the fight throughout California.

To recoup some of the money spent advertising the bear versus lion showdown, then, Boone arranged for famed strongman Eugene Sandow to fight a small lion, advertising the event as “man vs beast.” The show was a dud. The lion appeared lethargic in the ring and had had its claws padded and its mouth taped to avoid injuring Sandow. The strongman did the best he could to elicit excitement from the crowd, at one point picking up the lion, swinging it, then pinning it to the mat, but the lack of true danger left the crowd disappointed. Many demanded a refund on their ticket prices, putting Boone further in the financial hole.

Unable to find a venue for Parnell and Ramadan’s bout in California, Boone packed up his animal show in late 1894 and moved across the United States. He tried to fight the animals in Fort Worth, but a judge deemed the exhibition too risky to spectators. In March 1895, the circus arrived in Laredo, Texas. There Boone made the decision to transfer his interspecies fight across the border to Nuevo Laredo, Mexico where there was no Mexican Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals to stop the show.

Boone rented out the Plaza de Toros bull-fighting ring in Nuevo Laredo to host the fight. Although the biggest arena in the border town, the Plaza de Toros could only seat 650 people, much fewer than would have been in attendance if the fight had been held in San Francisco. Boone had no other option, however, so he oversaw the construction of 15 foot high, 20 foot wide steel cage in the center of the bullring. He also sent notice to local newspapers that he was putting on a fight to the death between an American grizzly and a lion.

이 대결은 6월 4일에 개최되는걸로 예정되었고 약 2만여명에 달하는 관중이 동원되는걸 기대하였다 합니다.

그외 스트롱맨과 사자의 대결도 언급되는군요. 물론 사자는 작고 입엔 테이프를 칠하고 발톱은 뽑히고.. 그런 상태입니다.

여담이지만 붙은 스트롱맨의 사진을 보니 약물이 없던 시기의 나름대로 상당 수준의 몸을 가진 사람으로 보입니다.

어쨌든 실제 대결이 벌어졌을시엔 겨우 650명의 관중만이 왔으나 이미 신문에 광고를 벌인터라 울며 겨자먹기로 대결을 벌였다 합니다.

케이지의 크기는 너비 20피트 높이가 15피트라 하는데..어째 밑의 경기장 사진을 보면 훨씬 커보이는군요. 관중석때문에 그런가..

아님 너비가 지름이 아닌 반지름을 뜻하는것인지..

Unfortunately for Boone, he would be unable to fill even the meager capacity afforded by the Plaza de Toros arena. Most newspapers in Mexico and the U.S. refused to publish news of the fight, thinking something so ridiculous must be a joke. It didn’t help that Boone had scheduled the bout for April Fool’s Day. Also, it seems that Boone kept ticket prices the same as they had been in San Francisco. Whereas people in wealthy San Francisco could shell out twenty dollars for a trivial event, the people of poverty-stricken Mexico and South Texas had no such disposable income. There would be plenty of empty seats for the showdown between Ramadan and Parnell.

When Boone’s long planned event finally took place on April 1, 1895, it was in front of a sparse, but eclectic crowd of Mexican politicians, businessmen from the United States, and a handful of ranchers that had scrounged up enough money to pay for the costly tickets. A few workers selling confectionaries, attendants working the show, and some poor locals who snuck into the event were also in attendance.

Economic and national background faded away when Parnell was wheeled into the arena, the lion having been kept outside the stadium until the fight began. Ramadan was in the center of the bullring in the fight cage, isolated from the crowd by a canvas covering. The draping was removed only after Parnell’s transportable cage was placed beside Ramadan’s. The two animals reacted excitedly upon seeing one another. They were scared from the noises and mass of humanity and were prepared to fight.

대결은 결국 1895년 4월1일에 벌어졌다 합니다.

사자와 회색곰은 상대를 서로 흥미있게 쳐다보았으며, 두 동물 모두 관중들의 소란에 의해 겁을 집어먹은 상태였다 합니다.

Ramadan sat on his hind legs opposite the cage from the entryway. When an attendant opened the trap door separating the two animals, Parnell sprung into action. Leaping fifteen feet into the air, the lion spanned the length of the cage and came down on Ramadan. The grizzly, however, managed to stand on his hind legs and extend his forepaws to stop the lion before he could sink his jaws into his throat. The two animals held this upright grappling position, Parnell scratching and clawing at Ramadan’s thick hide, while the grizzly did his best to hold off the lion. The bear was unable to do any damage on his opponent, while the cat successfully used its claws to rip chunks of flesh from Ramadan’s underbelly. Blood and fur carpeted the cage. If not for the bear’s thick hide, Parnell would likely have released Ramadan’s internal organs, putting a quick end to the fight. Finally, after nineteen minutes the combatants fell to the ground.

Parnell stood up and began sniping at Ramadan, the grizzly unable to bring his claws or teeth to bare on the lion. Every time the bruin lunged at the African cat, the more agile lion simply sidestepped and swiped at his opponent. When Parnell came in for one of his strikes, the bear stood on his hind legs and once again grappled the lion. This time, however, Parnell got past the bear’s forepaws and sunk his teeth into the animal’s neck. Ramadan responded by using his brute strength to hug the lion. Shocked by the bear’s strength, Parnell let loose his bite, allowing the grizzly to tackle and mount his opponent. Although Parnell escaped before the bear could do any damage, Ramadan had clearly found a way to defend himself.

The two animals circled one another in the cage before Parnell once again pounced and sunk his teeth into Ramadan’s neck. Again the bear responded by hugging his opponent with all his might. The lion’s teeth sunk deeper. In response, the grizzly’s grip grew tighter. To those in attendance it was unclear which of the beasts would give in first. Then, without warning, the lion let go and bellowed out a roar of pain, the bear’s hold so tight that one observer remarked, “I could almost hear the bones cracking.” Ramadan then grabbed Parnell with “a beautiful half Nelson that would have done credit to a professional wrestler” and hurled the lion.

Parnell turned a complete somersault in the air before landing on his feet in the center of the cage. Recovering quickly, the lion circled and attacked Ramadan from the rear. The bear, showing agility not seen up to this point, turned, grabbed the lion, and lifted him into the air. With Parnell’s head dangling, Ramadan began squeezing and shaking the feline as if it weighed the same as a house cat. Ramadan then lifted his opponent into the air and threw him against the side of the cage.

문이 열리자 회색곰은 몸을 곧추세웠으며 사자는 15피트를 뛰어올라 행동을 취했다 합니다

그러나 곰은 사자의 돌격을 몸에 정통으로 받고도 꿋꿋이 버텼으며..앞에 나온 내용과

같습니다. 그리고..두 동물은 그렇게 서로 서서 껴안는 자세가 된듯 하며

사자는 곰을 마구 할퀴었고 곰은 사자를 껴안았다 합니다. 그래서인지 곰은 사자에게 어떠한

데미지도 주지 못했다 합니다. 사자는 곰의 아랫배를 마구 할퀴었으나 곰의 두꺼운

가죽 덕분에 치명적인 상처를 주지 못하고 19분의 시간이 흘렀습니다.

사자는 서서 회색곰을 치기 시작했고 곰은 그의 이빨과 발톱을 사자에게 갖다대질

못하였다 합니다. 곰이 사자에게 덤벼들때마다 민첩한 사자는 사이드스텝을 밟아가며

그의 적을 후려쳤다 합니다. 그러다가 사자가 곰을 한대 쳤는데, 곰은 서서 다시한번 사자를 붙잡았습니다. 

그러나 이때는 사자는 곰의 앞발하나를 잡고 그의 이빨을

곰의 목에 꽂았습니다. 위에 나온 사자가 곰의 윗목을 무는 장면이 그 장면일것입니다.

곰은 이에 그의 격렬한 힘을 이용해 사자를 껴안으려 했으며, 곰의 힘에 놀란 사자는

곰의 목을 놓았고, 그 결과 곰에게 깔리게 되었습니다. 그러나 사자는 데미지를 받기전에 하위포지션에서 빠져나왔습니다. 

그리고 곰은 자신을 보호할수 있는 방법을 찾았습니다.

두 동물은 원을 그리며 대치하다가 다시 한번 사자가 자신의 이빨을 곰의 목에 박아넣었으며

곰은 사자를 있는힘을 다해 껴안았습니다. 그리고 갑자기 사자가 먼저 고통스러운 울부짖음을

내며 물러났습니다. 관찰자의 말로는 곰이 하도 세게 껴안아서 사자의 갈비뼈가 부러졌다 합니다.

그리고 곰은 사자를 집어던졌습니다. 그리고 사자는 다시 안정적으로 착지하였으며

공격성을 보이지 않던 곰의 등뒤로 돌아가 공격을 하였고, 이에 대해 곰은 돌아서 사자가 마치 고양이인 마냥 가볍게 집어던졌다 합니다. 그 결과..

Parnell’s head struck a steel bar with a thud, and the lion collapsed to the ground. He remained unconscious for over a minute before slowly getting to his feet. Although the lion again attempted to attack Ramadan, it was clear that he had little fight left in him. He was slow and struggling to walk. Ramadan appeared to be done fighting, as well, choosing to parade around the cage instead of continuing the battle. After thirty-three total minutes in the cage, Parnell collapsed to the ground and refused to get up. He was exhausted and possibly suffering from broken ribs and internal bleeding. The fight was over.

The crowd, promised a fight to the death by Boone’s advertisements, started booing. Although they had just witnessed an epic encounter in which both animals put up a spectacular fight, the multitude wanted blood. Under pressure from the crowd, ringside attendants attempted to restart the fight by prodding Parnell with metal poles and hot irons. The African cat, however, had had enough. He was done. No amount of cajoling would get him to take on that grizzly again.

Denied the death that they’d grown to expect from years of watching bull fights, the largely Mexican crowd began jeering and throwing things at Boone, demanding their money back in a flurry of Spanish epithets. Fearing that a riot would break out, Mexican police officers placed Boone under arrest for false advertising. They escorted the showman out of the arena, placed him in the local jail, and demanded that Boone refund the crowd’s money before they would release him. It appears that the lion tamer complied with the request. For all of his efforts Boone had made no money.

Newspapers throughout the United States reported on Parnell and Ramadan’s epic bout. A journalist from Laredo had attended, and papers everywhere reprinted his detailed account of the battle. An artist’s rendition of the event also found significant coverage. Most newspapers reported that the grizzly had been the victor, but others said the bout was a draw. People demanded to know more about the fight.

Boone decided to capitalize on the event’s popularity. Shortly after the fight, he announced that Ramadan would face a Mexican bull named Panthera from the famous Las Cruces ranch. It’s unclear why Boone decided to pit Ramadan against this specific animal, but it wouldn’t be hard to imagine that a local offered up the animal as an opponent for the bear, and Boone, seeing a chance to recoup his money accepted the challenge.

A product of thousands of years of selective breeding, Panthera was essentially a human creation. He was massive, weighing some half a ton, much heavier than cattle in the wild. Panthera was also more aggressive than other cattle. His ancestors had been used to fight humans, rhinos, elephants, and other animal combatants in the Roman coliseum. The Romans and later the Spanish had chosen the most violent and successful of these bulls to breed and over time they created animals like Panthera. Animals whose sole purpose was to bring harm. And Panthera could bring harm, especially with the long, sharp horns that protruded from his skull.

Ramadan would be giving up the weight advantage that he had held in his fight with Parnell. He would also have to adjust to a different cage size, as the cage’s diameter was increased from 20 to 30 feet to allow the bull more room to maneuver. Ramadan still held a number of advantages over Panthera, particularly when it came to close combat. He had more weapons than his bovine opponent–the bull had only his horns and head, the bear had four claws and a vicious set of teeth.

The bout between Ramadan and Panthera was set for April 14th. In the two weeks leading up to the event, the fight took on nationalistic overtones. Those on the United States side of the border backed the American grizzly Ramadan, while Mexicans favored the Mexico-born Panthera. Bets on the winner were as large as 100 dollars. The event sold out quickly with half the 650 available seats going to persons from Mexico, half to those from the United States.

The fight between Panthera and Ramadan took place on April 14, Easter Sunday. The sold out crowd cheered as Panthera was brought into the cage at 3:30 P.M. The animal appeared ready to fight. Its tail lashed in the air, and it lunged any time someone got close to the cage. Photographers, with their constant flashing, especially irked the bull. On more than one occasion, Panthera bent the cage’s bars when attempting to ram a photographer.

그 결과 사자의 머리는 철장에 부딪혔고 사자는 몇분간 기절해있었다 합니다.

그후 사자가 다시 곰을 공격하려 하여도 곰에게는 싸울의사가 없었고 그냥

걸어다녔다 합니다. 회색곰은 싸움을 하려는 대신 케이지에서 퍼레이드를 벌이는걸

선택..하였다 표현하는군요. 사자 역시 쓰러지고 싸움을 거부하였다 합니다.

사자는 완전히 지쳤고 갈비뼈가 부러져서 내출혈의 가능성이 있었다 합니다. 싸움은 끝났습니다.

관중은 데스메치를 원했기에 야유를 보냈고..

이에 대해 기획자인 코로넬은 스페인 투우소와의 대결을 기획합니다.

위에서 말했듯이 판데라=투우소의 이름입니다.

사자는 부상을 입었기에 당장 내보낼수 없고..곰이 먼저 황소와 붙게 됩니다.

대결은 4월14일 벌어졌다 합니다. 곰은 13일을 쉬고 붙게 되는군요.

경기장은 곰에게 유리하게 된..더 커진 30피트의 경기장이였다 합니다.

Ramadan was wheeled into the arena at 4:45 P.M. and was met with enormous cheers from the Americans among the crowd. As the bear came closer, Panthera began ramming his cage in anticipation of the fight ahead. In order to allow Ramadan a safe entry into the cage, then, it was necessary for a bullfighter to go to the opposite end of the arena and distract Panthera. With the bull occupied, Ramadan was allowed to enter the cage unmolested. He headed in the direction of Panthera.

When the bullfighter backed away from the cage, Panthera turned to find that a strange hairy creature was heading in his direction. Before the bear could close any more distance, the bull lowered its head and ran directly at his opponent. Never having seen an animal this large, nevertheless one heading straight for him, Ramadan grew confused and turned to one side, opening himself up to a direct charge.

Panthera drove one of his horns full speed into Ramadan’s shoulder, goring the bear. Ramadan howled in pain. Confused and unable to grab the bull as he had done with Parnell two weeks before, Ramadan began running in circles around the cage. Panthera pursued until he backed Ramadan against the bars, trapping his opponent. When the bull went in for a second charge, Ramadan swiped viciously, managing to drive the bull back temporarily. The bear then used the opportunity to retreat to the other side of cage, but he was confused, hurt, and didn’t want to fight anymore. He wanted out.

To the shock of everyone in attendance, Ramadan wrapped his claws around the cage bars and started climbing to freedom. In an instant, the bear scaled the fifteen-foot cage and pulled himself to the edge of the ring. He was about to jump into the open arena.

The sight of a bleeding, angry bear sent the crowd running for the exits. People who hadn’t exercised since childhood found themselves on their feet, trying to push their way to safety. Those at the top of the bullring prepared to leap the twenty-five feet to the ground outside of the arena. For some reason—one newspaper speculated that the bear didn’t want anyone to lose their life in the scramble—Ramadan abandoned his escape plan and lowered himself back into the cage with Panthera.

The climb and the loss of blood from Panthera’s first charge took its toll on Ramadan. He sat on his haunches and refused to fight. The bull, likewise, didn’t seem interested in opening himself up to another bear attack. In order to get the fight started then, a bullfighter went to the cage behind Ramadan and waved a red bag in an attempt to draw Panthera’s ire. It worked, and the bull charged. Ramadan saw his opponent’s approach and attempted to raise himself up for an attack. He was too slow. Panthera drove directly into Ramadan’s side. The bear responded by swiping his claws across the bull’s head. He then retreated to the other side of the cage.

When Panthera once again approached, Ramadan was ready. He reared up and clawed the bull about the neck and head. The grizzly then went to bite the bull’s jugular. Unfortunately for the bear, Panthera was raising his head at the moment of attack, and one of the bull’s horns pierced the bear through the cheek. Blood began to flow from Ramadan’s mouth. Panthera took the opportunity to charge the bear, ramming the animal so hard that Ramadan’s feet left the ground.

Ramadan couldn’t mount a comeback. He just laid there while Panthera took potshots at him. Wanting to avoid the inconclusive end of the previous fight, trainers prodded the grizzly until he half-heartedly went after the bull. The attacks had no force behind them, and Ramadan continued to lose blood. He labored around the ring breathing heavily, until after almost an hour of constant punishment, the mighty grizzly put his head on the ground, closed his eyes, and died.

Again, newspapers throughout the United States reported the events on the border. Although some among the crowd complained that the bout was lacking in action, they had no reason to demand their money back. Boone had finally made money off of an animal fighting event. Overall, however, he was still in the hole. So in last-ditch effort to recoup his loses, Boone scheduled a third bout. This time Parnell would take on Panthera, completing the king of the beasts trifecta.

Boone had contemplated replacing Parnell, fearing the animal had yet to recover from his fight with Ramadan two weeks before. To test the feline, then, Boone put a goat in his cage. Parnell, showing no signs that a grizzly had recently tossed him around a steel ring, leapt on the goat, tore it to shreds, and ate it. A few days later, anticipating the upcoming bout with Panthera, Boone put a young steer in with Parnell. The bull didn’t last long. The lion tore open its throat and made it a meal.

It was apparent that Parnell was still vicious, something that George Rooke, a trainer who had accompanied Boone on his trip to Laredo, found out the hard way. Shortly before the scheduled fight with Panthera, Rooke stood too close to Parnell’s cage. With no warning, the lion leapt forward, grabbed Rooke by the arm, and dragged him against the cage, trapping the trainer’s shoulders between two bars. Unable to get free of Parnell’s grip, Rooke screamed and then fainted. Meeting no resistance, Parnell used his teeth to rip the man’s bicep from his arm. His follow up bite broke bone. The lion let up only after those around the cage began beating him about the face with crowbars.

Boone immediately took Rooke—his arm hanging on by only tendon and flesh—to a nearby hospital. The severity of the injury forced the doctors to amputate the trainer’s arm. Likely owing to the unsanitary conditions in 1890s hospitals along the U.S.-Mexico border, there were complications with the surgery. Rooke developed something that local newspapers called “poisoned blood.” The trainer was unable to fend off the bacterial infection, or whatever it was, and died shortly thereafter. Parnell’s body count was up to two.

News of Parnell’s vicious attack and nationalistic enthusiasm for the Mexican bull Panthera created a large demand for a third fight. Also adding to the appeal, Boone heavily advertised the upcoming fight in newspapers in the U.S. and Mexico. Realizing that he could sell more tickets if he moved to a larger venue, Boone rented a bullring 100 miles south of the border in Monterrey, Mexico. The new arena had 2,000 seats, all of which sold out for the upcoming fight.

When the fight day arrived on April 21st, Panthera once again appeared ready for battle, showing no sign that the injuries sustained in his fight with Ramadan would affect his performance in the cage. As the bull paraded about the arena, the mostly Mexican crowd cheered their champion. The spectators met Parnell’s entrance into the arena with boos.

The fight started in much the same way as Panthera and Ramadan’s bout. The bull charged the lion, intending to gore it, as he had done with the bear. But Parnell was much quicker than Ramadan. He quickly moved out of the way of Panthera’s horns. The bull continued to charge but Parnell was too fast for him. The lion even went on the offensive, swiping at the bovine’s snout whenever the bull came near. One blow opened a gash in Panthera’s nose and blood began pouring out. The wound was made worse when the bull scraped his snout against the ground in an attempt to get low enough to attack Parnell with his horns.

경기가 벌어지자 곰은 전 경기처럼 공격의사를 보이지 않았으나 투우소는 곰을 향해

돌격하였고 그러한 거대한 물체가 자신에게 달려오는걸 경험해 보지못한 곰은

당황하여 구석..? 방향으로 틀었고 그 결과 투우소에게 똑바로 맞았다 합니다.

투우소의 뿔은 풀스피드로 곰의 어깨에 박혔으며..곰은 사자에게 했던것처럼

껴안지를 못하자 당황하였다 합니다. 곰은 원을 그리며 도망갔으며..

투우소는 두번째 돌격을 하였고..곰은 이에 대해 맹렬한 앞발질을 하여 투우소를

잠시 물러나게 하였다 합니다. 그리고 곰은 더이상 싸우고 싶어하지 않았고,

자유를 찾기위해 케이지를 잡고 올라가기 시작했으나 실패한듯 하며..

투우소 역시 곰을 더이상 공격하려 하지 않았으나 사람들이 곰쪽에서 빨간망토를 

휘날리자 곰을 향해 돌격했고 곰은 느리게 일어서서 투우소의 머리를 발로 후려쳤고

소는 물러났다 합니다. 투우소가 다시 돌격할시, 회색곰은 준비된 상태였고 투우소의

머리와 목을 붙잡고 투우소의 목에 있는 경정맥을 물었습니다. 그러나 불행하게도

투우소는 그의 머리를 올렸고 뿔중 하나가 곰의 가슴팍을 궤뚥었습니다. 

곰의 입에 피가 흘러넘쳤고 중략..그후 회색곰은 죽었습니다.

그후 사자와 투우소의 경기가 4월 21일날 열렸습니다.

투우소는 곰에게 하던것처럼 달려들었으나, 사자는 더 빨랐기에 공격을 피했고

투우소는 다시 돌격하고 사자는 소를 할퀴었습니다. 소는 피를 흘렸고 이 피는

소를 더욱 흥분시켰습니다.

When Panthera charged again, Parnell leapt into the air and came down on the bull’s neck. The bull lacked the thick hide that had protected Ramadan, so Parnell’s teeth sunk deep, opening an artery. Blood poured down Panthera’s body. Although the bull managed to free himself by stepping on Parnell’s legs, it looked like the lion was about to take down an animal twice his size.

Instead of capitalizing on Panthera’s injuries, Parnell went to the edge of the cage and lowered himself against it. In one sense, the move was smart: the lion was situated so close to the bars, that Panthera feared rushing toward the animal from the side, lest he tangle his horns in the steel bars. If the bull attempted to hit Parnell directly, there was a good chance that he’d miss and hit his head on the side of the cage. No matter what Panthera did, Parnell would be in a good position to capitalize on his opponent’s mistake.

Unfortunately for Parnell, he didn’t consider that the bloodthirsty crowd would refuse to accept a temporary reprieve in action. When Panthera’s attempts to attack Parnell failed, and both animals stopped fighting, the spectators began hissing and booing. After minutes with no action, Boone or one of the venue’s owners decided to push the action. A vaquero reached through the cage and strung a noose around Parnell’s neck. The cowboy then threaded the rope to the other side of the cage and pulled, dragging the lion to the center of the cage. Parnell, lacking oxygen from the assault, and unable to move with the rope around his neck was defenseless.

Now that his opponent was safely away from the steel bars, Panthera backed up and charged. Because Parnell was unable to move, the bull did not have to readjust his aim, allowing all of his momentum to come down on the lion. The blow was devastating. The lion crumbled into a ball. Panthera didn’t give up, continuing to gore the downed Parnell. With one devastating blow, the bull drove a horn through the lion’s shoulder. Panthera then lifted his massive head with Parnell still dangling from his horn and marched proudly around the arena. Only after the jungle cat ceased moving did Boone call an end to the fight. He’d finally managed to euthanize his man killing lion.

투우소가 돌진하였을때,사자는 소의 목을 잡았습니다.그리고 소의 목을 물어뜯었고

소는 벗어나려 발버둥 쳤습니다. 이때까지는 마치 사자가 자기보다 두배나 큰

상대를 제압하는듯 하였습니다. 그러나..

투우소의 부상을 더 입히는 대신 사자는 물기를 멈추고 물러났는데 이것은 현명한

행동이였습니다. 사자는 투우소가 철장 가까이 있던걸 알고 부딪히는걸 피하기 위해

그런것이였다 합니다.

그러다 소강상태로 접어들고..야유가 번지자 카우보이는 사자의 목에 로프를 걸고

강제로 사자를 링중앙으로 끌었다합니다. 즉.사자는 그로인해 움직이기 힘들고 호흡에도 차질이 있는 상태였다 합니다. 

하지만 투우소는 사자의 그런사정을 봐주지않고 사자를 들이받았고

사자는 마치 공처럼 부서졌..? 다 합니다. 투우소는 여기서 끝내지 않고 또 돌격하여

사자의 어깨에 뿔을 박아 넣었습니다.

The Mexican crowd cheered its champion. Panthera had defeated both of the animals put against him, making a considerable amount of money for those who’d bet on him. He was a temporary hero to the people of Mexico. It’s unclear what happened to the animal after his second battle. One report  says that Panthera lost too much blood and died soon after the match. Another account holds that the animal survived his wounds. If so, it would not be hard to imagine Panthera living out the rest of his life as a breeding bull.

Boone was not happy. He couldn’t believe that Parnell had lost. He’d even reportedly bet a significant amount of money on the animal. Apparently, this financial loss offset the money he’d made in putting on the event. He’d be leaving Mexico poorer than he’d come.

Upon returning to the United States, Boone became depressed and even contemplated suicide because of his financial situation. One would like to believe that the depression was not all based on economics. Perhaps the lion tamer began to contemplate the gravity of what he’d done. He’d taken two majestic animals and thrown their life away for the entertainment of unappreciative, blood-thirsty audiences. After killing two men, Parnell needed to be euthanized, but should the animal have died amid a chorus of applause?

사자는 졌고.. 사자의 향방에 대해선 혹자는 사자는 죽었다 하고 혹자는 결국 살아났다 하는둥..의견이 갈린다 합니다.

윗 그림을 보면 살아났다면 그게 더 신기할 지경이겠군요...

그리고 코로넬은 이 대결로 인해 더욱 재정상태가 악화되어 자살을 고려할정도의 상태가 되었다 합니다.

The U.S.-Mexican border continued to host interspecies cage fights. In El Paso in 1902, a lion once again took on a bull, with the bull again emerging victorious in the encounter. Another fight saw an American buffalo taking on a bull. In this instance, the two animals rammed one another head on with the heavier buffalo managing to concuss the bull and win the fight. Even today, animals are forced to fight for the amusement of human in Mexican border towns.

E. Daniel Boone had put on a battle never before seen in world history. The show, however, did not have the effect that he intended it to. The audience who witnessed an American grizzly fight an African lion had no appreciation for what they were watching. Instead, they wanted blood and nothing more. Boone did not find money, fame, or gratitude from his animal fights. Only depression and loss of life.

그후 1902년 멕시코 엘파소에서 황소와 사자의 대결이 한번더 벌어졌고.. 황소가 이겼다 합니다.

그리고 바이슨과 투우소가 붙었는데 더 무거운 바이슨이 투우소를 뇌진탕을 일으키게 하며 이겼다 하는군요.

[론하트셀]

일단 좁은 철창이나 우리안에서 싸운다면 사자가 황소를 이기기 힘들겠죠, 자료가 신빙성이 있어보이는데

[두♬두♬두♬]

소가 짱이네요!

[케니™]

아 근데 옛날...이라고 해봤자 120년 정도밖에 안됐지만 암튼 저 때는 저렇게 잔인무도한 매치가 막 공개적으로 열렸네요...나쁜놈들ㅠ

[대 박]

그러게 말입니다.

특히 투우소와 싸움붙일때는 사자나 곰이나 싸우기 싫어하는게 눈에 띄는데
강제로 싸우게 하려고 목을 조르고..죽이고..씁쓸하더군요.

[헤어지세요]

뭐 인간도 사고팔았는데요

[UNO UNO]

120년 사이에 인류의 생활은 많이 바꼈으니까요. 아마 지금과 120년 이전의 차이보다 120년 전과 2000년전차이가 더 작을 거에요

[나탈랴의손톱]

도사선에서 정리 나올때됐는데

[센이고르]

투우소를 숫사자가 단독으로 이긴다는것 자체가 상식적으로 말이 안되죠... 곰과 사자의 싸움 이야기 묘사나 소와 곰,사자 격돌 이야기가 상당히 현실적으로 들리는것으로 봐서 신빙성 있는 목격담 같네요

[대 박]

네 제가 보기에도 전체적으로 상당히 현실성 있는 목격담입니다.

다만..베어허그로 사자의 발을 부러뜨렸다는건 제 상식외 일이긴 한데.. 뭐 물어서 부러뜨렸다거나 아님 정말로 껴안아서 부서뜨릴..수도 있긴하겠죠..

[센이고르]

안아서 부러뜨린게 아니라 곰과 사자의 클린치 상태에서 서로 몸부림 치다가 얼마든지 부러질순 있다고 봅니다. 체중이 육중한 녀석들이니 그정도 부상은 부자연 스러워보이진 않네요

[대 박]

음.. 하긴 그렇겠군요.

[케니™]

원래 자연상태에서 타종의 맹수들이 서로 안고 뒹구는 경우 자체가 극히 드무니(사냥 제외) 무슨 일이 일어나도 이상할 건 없죠 근데 저도 뼈가 부러졌다는 건 좀 의아했습니다 차라리 탈구되는게 더 신빙성이 있는거 같은데 본문에는 hear the bones cracking이라고 하니...

[마이티 뭐?]

호랑이vs불곰

[왔능가]

투우소가아닌 그냥 투우가 맞지않나여ㅎ

[대 박]

그러네요...ㅋㅋ 투우소=투우우,투소소 이렇군요..ㅋㅋ

근데 수정하기엔 너무 많아서.. 살짝 눈감아 주심이..ㅋㅋ

[귀두라미]

족발

[UNO UNO]

ㅋㅋㅋㅋ 역전앞 같은거구나

[Edge Rock]

소최강설이네요. 다음에는 도사 8마리에서 20마리 vs 투우 이런거 나올듯.. 잘 읽었습니다.

[주번나]

잘읽었습니다. 굉장히 사실적인 묘사네요

[지단아 뛰어라]

인간이 가장 잔인하다

[붉좌]

초식동물인 소가 육식동물인 곰과 사자한테 먼저 공격을 한다니...투우소는 성향이 다른가?

[피묻은오이™]

오히려 사자보다 호랑이가 더 잘 싸우지 않았을까 라는 생각이...사자는 파워는 강한데 몸놀림이 날렵하지 않아서 투우의 공격을 잘 못 피했을거 같아요...하지만 호랑이는 날아다닐거 같은데...

[케니™]

호랑이 대 사자의 싸움이라면 일반적으로 더 크고 근육량이 많은 호랑이가 우세하겠지만 투우나 곰을 상대로 하는 정면승부라면 호랑이나 사자나 거기서 거깁니다 호랑이가 사자보다 더 날렵하다느니 뭐 앞발을 잘쓴다느니 하는건 전혀 근거없는 낭설이에요 애초에 호랑이나 사자나 유전적으로 고양이과 동물중에 가장 가깝고 골격이나 근형성도에서 거의 차이가 없어요 전투방법면에서도 저렇게 정면으로 붙여놓으면 어차피 엉겨붙어서 싸우기는 호랑이나 사자나 마찬가지라 투우나 대형곰을 상대라면 별 의미가 없어요 더군다나 경기장 폭은 꼴랑 9미터...

[케니™]

사무엘 휴튼 박사의 논문을 보면 호랑이와 사자의 비교가 자세하게 나와있는데 사지의 힘이나 무는 힘 모두 호랑이가 10:7 정도로 사자보다 우세합니다(벵갈 호랑이와 아프리카 사자의 비교-아프리카 사자는 아종이 뭔지 정확히 모르겠네요 세네갈 사자인지 분화구 사자인지 마사이 사자인지;;) 때문에 자기 아종 내에서 무작위로 여럿을 뽑아 붙여본다면 어차피 싸움 방법이야 대동소이하니까 체급으로 호랑이가 사자를 압도할거라고 생각이 드네요 근데 몸무게 100~200kg씩 차이나고 공격성이나 맷집도 좋은 타종을 상대라면...거기서 거기겠죠 호랑이나 사자가 불곰이나 대형 우제류를 잡아먹는 건 전적으로 사냥의 경우입니다

[린이쥐]

ok

[피묻은오이™]

아...저도 이 얘기를 할려고 했는데 답글에 답글을 달수 없기에 ㅎㅎㅎ뭐 지더라도 호랑이가 더 잘싸울거 같아요~

[나옹이하이킥]

저도 관중을 의식하지 않는 호랑이라면 하드웨어가 좋아서 승리도 노려볼 수 있을 것 같습니다. 사자는 어림없고..

[나옹이하이킥]

근데 투우소는 저런 철창과 관중에 익숙한데 비해 곰과 사자는 그냥 싸움보다는 회피 목적의 싸움성향이 보이네요..정정당당하지 못했음..물론 동물끼리 억지로 싸움 붙이는 것은 정말 할짓은 아니고요..만약 철창이 아니었다면 싸움 양상을 다를 수도 있었을 것 같아요..그래도 투우소가 유리할 것 같기는 하지만..