수상전투함 스웨덴과 덴마크, 신형 수상전투함 조달 추진

[위종민]

스웨덴은 룰레오급 수상전투함 4척과 헤르메스급 예인선 4척의 조달을 발표했습니다. 아직 설계가 완료되지 않았는지 상세한 스펙은 공개되지 않고 함명만 먼저 공개됐는데, 현재 운용중인 비스비급 및 Gävle급 초계함보다 대형이며 대수상, 대공 및 대잠표적에 대한 모든 수준의 분쟁에서 작전할 수 있는 장비를 갖출 예정이라고 합니다. 

룰레오급 수상전투함의 함명은 HSwM 룰레오, HSwM 노르쾨핑, HSwM 트렐레보르그, HSwM 할름스테드입니다. 

덴마크는 신형전투함 설계 계약을  Danske Patruljeskibe K/S 컨소시엄과 체결했네요. 

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/06/swedens-future-surface-combatant-to-be-known-as-lulea-class/

An illustration of the Swedish Navy's future surface combatant (with the in-service Visby-class corvette in the background). Saab image.

Sweden’s Future Surface Combatant To Be Known As Luleå-Class

The Royal Swedish Navy released new details about its future surface surface combatants. The four vessels will be known as Luleå-class and named after coastal cities.

Naval News Staff  24 Jun 2023

Royal Swedish Navy press release – Translated by Naval News

Following a Ministry of Defence decision from 2020, four new surface combatants and new harbor tugs will be added to the Royal Swedish Navy. Although the ships are still on the drawing board, the chief of the Navy made a decision this spring on what the eight new ships will be called.

“The surface combatants will be named after Swedish coastal towns that have or have had great importance to the Navy. The harbor tugs are traditionally named after Greek mythology names”

Admiral Ewa Skoog Haslum, Chief of the Royal Swedish Navy

It is the head of the navy, in her capacity as shipowner of the armed forces, who selects which names the Swedish Navy’s ships will bear. For the name to be used, the approval of HM the King of Sweden is required, which all ships have received.

Luleå-class Surface Combatant

The new surface combatants were named after coastal cities along the long Swedish coast, from north to west. The first ship-in-class will be known as HSwMS Luleå. The other ships are HSwMS Norrköping, HSwMS Trelleborg and HSwMS Halmstad.

“The Luleå-class will be larger than our existing Visby and Gävle-class corvettes and will be equipped to operate in all levels of conflict against surface, air and sub-surface targets. The ships will be important additions to an active defense and they will also be adapted to international contexts with our partner countries.”

Admiral Ewa Skoog Haslum, Chief of the Royal Swedish Navy

The exact details, design and specifications of the ships are not yet finalized. The ships are expected to be delivered around 2030.

HSwM LULEÅ:

Luleå is an important port in Norrbotten. The city is of particular importance to the livelihood of the kingdom, being a major shipping port for the Lapland iron ore and steel industries. The choice of Luleå also addresses the North Cape as an important area of security interest for Sweden.

Former naval vessels bearing the city’s name include the torpedo boat HSwMS Luleå, part of the successful Norrkoeping-class, launched in 1975 and converted to a missile boat in 1984. The ship was taken out of service in 2002.

HSwM NORRKÖPING:

HSwMS Norrköping will be the sixth ship named after the strategically important port city in the Bråviken. The first HSwMS Norrköping in the Swedish Navy was a 52-gun ship launched in Karlskrona in 1698.

The last two ships to bear the name HSwMS Norrköping were the 1940 destroyer and the first ship in the 12-ship series of torpedo/missile boats in the 1970s, which was decommissioned in 2005.

HSwM TRELLEBORG:

HSwMS Trelleborg will be the first ship in the Swedish Navy to bear this name. The strategic importance of Trelleborg was recognized as early as the Viking Age, when a fortress was built at the “Trelleborgen” site. The earliest known mention of the place dates back to 1257, when it was given as a wedding gift to the Swedish prince Valdemar (Birgersson) for his marriage to the Danish princess Sofia Eriksdotter.

Trelleborg has always been an important place for shipping, from the stream fishing and trading forests of ancient times to the large ferries and container ships of today. Today, Trelleborg’s strategic location at the absolute southern tip of the Scandinavian peninsula is the source of extensive shipping traffic to surrounding countries and cities on the Baltic Sea and the rest of Europe.

HSwM HALMSTAD:

Halmstad’s location and important harbor are integral to the later naval buildup on the west coast and in the North Sea. As early as 1676, the city played an important role when a Danish army was defeated by the Swedes. This averted the threat to Gothenburg and enabled a concentration of forces in Skåne before the great battle of Lund on the fourth of December of the same year. The victory name is today carried on the field insignia of the Life Guards and Hussars of the Life Regiment (K3).

The first ship named HSwMS Halmstad was a 48-gun frigate launched in Karlskrona in 1699. The ship played an active role in the war against Denmark in the 1710s. She also took part in the defense of the Aelvsborg fortress during the attack of the Norwegian-Danish commander Peter Tordenskioeld on Gothenburg in 1717.

The torpedo boat HSwMS Halmstad belonged to the long Norrkoeping class. The ship became one of the longest serving missile boats after being converted to a missile boat before being retired in 2002. The armed forces have long had close ties with Halmstad, including the Halmstad Military Academy, 14th Flygflottiljen (F14) and Lv6 Air Defense Regiment.

Harbor Tugs for Advanced Logistics

Harbor tugs are smaller tugs that supplement the Navy’s larger tugs for work in naval ports and bases. The vessels are part of the evolution of the Navy’s logistics and base function. The tugs will be delivered in 2023 and 2024.

“The harbor tugs will be part of the new naval base battalions that will be established in 2023. The battalions will become part of the Navy’s regular logistics function in the fall, and our new harbor tugs are a much-needed addition,” says Skoog Haslum.

The ships were named as follows. All ship names have traditionally received King’s approval HM.

HERMES:

Hermes was in Greek mythology the messenger of the gods and the son of Zeus. Hermes is the second ship in the navy to bear the name Hermes. The first HSwMS Hermes (A253) was also a tugboat built in 1956 at the Karlskrona shipyard. The older HSwMS Hermes was involved in the incident with U.137 at Gåsefjärden in 1981. The ship was sold to civilian buyers in 2007.

HERA:

Hera was the goddess of marriage and fertility in ancient Greece and the wife of Zeus. Between 1971 and 2016, the navy had a tug named Hera (A324). The ship was built at Åsiverken in Åmål in 1971 and sold to a civilian buyer in 2016.

HEBE:

Hebe is also a goddess in ancient Greek mythology. She was the daughter of Zeus and Hera. In Olympus she helped with household chores and was the goddess of water and youth. The navy’s first tug, HSwMS Hebe, was built for the fleet at Mohög’s Mechanical Workshop in 1969.

HEROS:

Heros is the second ship in the Navy named Heros. The first tug named HSwMS Heros (A323) was built at Karlskrona Orlogsvarv in 1955. The ship served for 61 years before being sold to civilian buyers in 2016. The ship participated in the incident with U-137 in 1981.

-End-

Naval News comments:
The latest recommendations on the future of the Swedish Armed Forces were published in November 2022. Check out this article by Robin Häggblom to find out more:

In addition, Naval News interviewed in April 2022 both Rear Admiral Ewa Skoog Haslum, chief of the Royal Swedish Navy, and Brigadier General Patric Hjort, head of naval division at FMV and director of naval procurement. Here is our coverage:

https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/06/new-naval-vessels-for-denmark/

OMT OPV 80 design unveiled at DSEI 2021.

New Naval Vessels For Denmark

The Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organisation (DALO) has signed an agreement with Danske Patruljeskibe K/S – a consortium founded by Terma, Odense Maritime Technology and PensionDanmark – on the scheme design for new naval vessels for the Danish Armed Forces.

Xavier Vavasseur  23 Jun 2023

OMT press release

With the agreement, DALO has chosen Danske Patruljeskibe K/S as full-line supplier and responsible for the development of modern, future-proofed naval vessels to the Danish Armed Forces through a groundbreaking new cooperation model that will ensure a strong security of supply to The Danish Armed Forces.

”The Government and a wide majority in the Danish Parliament have charted a visionary course for the procurement of Denmark’s new flexible vessels. A course founded on the long and proud tradition of Denmark as a shipbuilding nation. This project will involve a wide range of Danish companies and create a lot of Danish jobs securing that world class maritime skills in Denmark well into the future”, says Jes Munk Hansen, CEO of Terma.

The agreement includes a detailed design and construction strategy process ensuring that the new vessel type will meet the demands of The Danish Armed Forces while establishing the base for the purchase and production of the new naval vessels through a broad-based cooperation with all relevant industrial players. By these means, The Danish Armed Forces will get the right vessels and national security of supply critical to security, simultaneous with the creation of a multitude of Danish jobs.

”OMT has obtained very strong skills within modular vessel design from, among others, the involvement in a British led, international partnership on total supply of naval vessels to the UK. We will bring the experience and skills into play on the domestic front to consider Denmark’s specific needs for new naval vessels while ensuring that we utilize and develop the unique skills of the maritime industry,” says Kåre Groes Christiansen, CEO of Odense Maritime Technology.

As full-service supplier, Danske Patruljeskibe K/S assures that the new naval vessels will be designed and built to meet to needs of the Danish Armed Forces, including innovative technological solutions that can contribute to the green transition of The Danish Armed Forces. This will further improve unique industrial skills and can prove to be the beginning of an export adventure to the benefit of Danish business and jobs.

“As a pension fund for more than 800,000 employees, PensionDanmark wants to contribute to new, innovative partnerships that can solve important societal tasks. With this innovative agreement, we pool the consortium’s unique competencies in project and risk management, defense systems and ship design to develop flexible and future-proof naval vessels. There is great demand abroad for ships that are built in a full-service supplier model, and thereby be on our way to creating Blue Denmark’s next export success with Danish jobs as a significant side benefit,” says Torben Möger Pedersen, CEO of PensionDanmark.

“With today’s signature, we look forward to, in close cooperation with the Danish Armed Forces and subcontractors, developing the brand new naval vessels to patrol Denmark’s security and marine environment. The agreement will thus be the starting point for the building and consolidation of national critical competences, which in the long term will strengthen Denmark’s security of supply in the maritime area. We are proud to be able to contribute to that”, says Hans Schneider, CEO of Danske Patruljeskibe K/S.

OMT MPV-80 technical specifications

Facts – Denmark’s new naval vessels for The Danish Armed Forces

• In June 2021, the signatory parties to the defence agreement decided to initiate a development project for a new type of naval vessel for the Danish Armed Forces, which must be able to secure Danish sovereignty at sea and solve marine environmental tasks.
• In April 2022, The Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organisation (DALO) announced that it wishes to acquire the new vessels from Danske Patruljeskibe K/S in a full-service supplier model, including design, integration of systems, construction and maintenance for an initial period.
• In June 2023, an agreement has been reached between DALO and Danske Patruljeskibe K/S on a scheme design, forming the basis for the acquisition and production of the new naval vessels.

-End-

Naval News comments:

Naval News understands that some of the future vessels will be OMT’s MPV-80. These will feature a great deal of modularity via “The Cube” system by local company SH Defence. Here is our video coverage of the MPV-80 (and The Cube) which was unveiled at DSEI 2021:

In addition, the Danish Ministry of Defense (MoD) announced on 18 August 2022 a plan to invest up to 40 billion DKK ($5.5 billion USD) to strengthen the Royal Danish Navy (Søværnet). Naval News interviewed the head of DALO, Lieutenant General Kim Jesper Jørgensen during the DALO Industry Days 2022 about this major announcement:

[백선호]

스웨덴해군 수상함이 전에는 발트 바다에서 소련 항공기의 위협 때문에 순양함에서 구축함으로 구축함에서 고속함으로 계속 작아지더니 이제 다시 커지네요.

이 배들에게 가장 중요한 임무는 발트 바다에서의 ASW일라나요?

https://cafe.daum.net/NTDS/5q3/395

[위종민]

아무래도 제일 무서운 적은 러시아의 잠수함들이겠죠 ㅎㅎ 어쩌면 덴마크가 그린란드 주변의 대잠전을 일부 분담할 것 같기도..

[마로]

발트함대 수상함 위협은 거의 존재하지 않는다고 봐도 되고, 당장 가장 적나라하게 표현하는게 NATO Lake라는 표현이니까요. 이에 맞춰 러시아도 발트함대를 A2/AD 중심으로 개편한다고 했고, 현재 발트함대 잠수함은 킬로급 한 척 뿐이지만, A2/AD 전략으로 전환함과 동시에 잠수함 전력 증강은 필연적으로 따를 것으로 예상되고 있으니 저 신형 전투함들 주요 임무는 ASW라고 보는게 맞을거라 봅니다. 당장 러시아 재래식 잠수함 건조는 상트페테부르크 조선소 담당이고, 몇 년 전에는 핀란드와 스웨덴 영해로 러시아 잠수함이 침범하기도 했었죠. 뭣보다 현재 발틱 NATO 국가들/스웨덴의 가장 큰 걱정은 발트해 해저 통신선이나 전력선 같은 시설물을 러시아가 하이브리드전하에 파괴하는 공작일 것입니다. 이건 발트해 관련 논문이나 보고서에서 공통적으로 지적하는 부분이고요. 또 다른 걱정이 있다면 핀란드 수출입이 대부분 해상으로 이뤄지고, 그 수출입이 이뤄지는 항구가 상트페테부르그 코 앞이라는 점이겠네요. 노르딕 국가들 북부는 척박해서 개발이 거의 안 됐으니... 양국 NATO 가입 이전이라면 몰라도 가입한 이후에는 핀란드 해상교역망을 보호해줄 필요가 있으니 말입니다

[마로]

덴마크는 이미 북극해 작전능력 향상을 목표로 하고 있는것으로 보입니다. 최근 보고서들 보면 러시아 북해함대 잠수함들의 그린란드 근해 작전 빈도나 위협이 증가했다고 짚고 있습니다. 마찬가지로 독일도 노르웨이랑 발 맞춰서 노르웨이해/북극해 작전능력 증강을 목표로 하고 있는것으로 보이고요.