단어공부] GRE General Vocabulary

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GRE General Vocabulary

Compiled by Oleg Smirnov

GRE Vocabulary Preparation

http://www.uoregon.edu/~osmirnov/gre/

Originally formatted by Vijay S. Govind

vijaysg2k@yahoo.co.in

A

abacus          frame with balls for calculating

abate           to lessen, to subside

abdication      giving up control, authority

abdomen         stomach and bowels

aberration      straying away from what is normal

abeyance        suspended action

abhor           to hate, to detest

abide           be faithful to; endure

abjure          promise or swear to give up

abraded         rubbed off, worn away by friction

abrasion        rubbing, scraping, wearing off

abrogate        repeal or annul by authority

abscond         to go away suddenly (to avoid arrest)

abstruse        difficult to comprehend; obscure

abundant        plentiful

abut            border on

abysmal         bottomless, extreme

acarpous        effete, no longer fertile, worn out

accentuate      give more force or attention to

acclaimed       welcomed with shouts and approval

accolade        praise, approval

accretion       the growing of separate things into one

acquiesce in    agree (without protest)

acquisition     something acquired, acquiring

adamant         kind of stone; inflexible

adhere          remain faithful, stick fast to

adhesion        adhering, support

adjacent        lying near, next

admonitory      containing warning

adorn           add beauty; decorate

adulteration    making unpure, poorer in quality

affinity        close connection, relationship

aggravate       make worse; irritate

agile           active, quick-moving

ail             trouble; be ill

alacrity        eager and cheerful readiness

alienate        estrange

allegiance      duty, support, loyalty

alleviate       make (pain) easier to bear

alloy           to debase by mixing with something inferior

aloof           reserved, indifferent

amalgamate      mix, combine, unite societies

ambidextrous    able to use the left hand or the right equally well

ambiguous       doubtful, uncertain

ambivalent      having both of two contrary meanings

ameliorate      improve, make better

amendment       improving

amicable        friendly

amortize        end (a debt) by setting aside money

amplify         make large or fuller, increase the strength

animosity       strong dislike

annul           put an end to

anticlimax      sudden fall

antidote        medicine used against a poison or a disease

antithetical    direct opposing

apartheid       brutal racial discrimination

apathetic       indifference

aplomb          self-confidence

apostate        one who abandons long-held religious or political convictions

apotheosis      deification, glorification to godliness

appease         make quiet or calm

apprehensive    grasping, understanding; fear, unhappy feeling about future

apprise         give notice to, inform

approbation     approval

appropriate     take for one's own use, acquire, set aside

apropos         appropriate to the situation; apt

apt             well-suited, quick-witted

arabesque       a complex, ornate design

arabesque       whimsical

arbitrate       decide by arbitration

arboreal        of connected with trees

ardently        with full of ardor

ardor           enthusiasm

arduous         steep, difficult ascent; laborious

argot           jargon, slang

arrant          in the highest degree

arrogance       proud, superior manner of behavior

articulate      speak distinctly, connect by joints

ascend          go or come up

ascent          the act of ascending

ascertain       get to know

ascetic         practicing self-denial, austere, stark

ascribe         consider to be the origin of or belonging to

asperity        roughness, harshness, ill temper, irritability

aspersion       slander

assail with     attack violently

asset           valuable quality, something that has money value

assiduous       diligent, hard-working, sedulous

assuage         make something (pain, desire) less

assumption      something supposed but not proved

asterisk        the mark * (e.g.. omitted letters)

astringent      substance that shrinks

astute          clever; quick at seeing to get an advantage

atonement       repayment; death of Jesus

attenuate       make thin. weaken, enervate

audacious       daring, foolishly bold, impudent

augury          omen, sign

august          majestic, venerable

auspice         protection or support, patronage

auspicious      favorable, successful, prosperous

austere         severely moral and strict; simple and plain

auxiliary       helping, supporting

aver            affirm, assert, prove, justify

aversion        strong dislike

avid            eager, greedy

avow            admit. Declare openly

B

baleful         harmful, ominous, causing evil

balk            obstacle; purposely to get on the way of

balloon         swell out like balloon

balm            sweet-smelling oil; consolation

banal           uninteresting

band            flat, thin strip of material; range of frequencies

bane            cause of injury, poison, source of harm

baneful         causing harm or ruin, pernicious, destructive

barrage         artificial obstacle built across a river

barren          not good enough, unable to have young ones, without value

bask in         enjoy warmth and light

bazaar          market

beatify         to bless, make happy, or ascribe a virtue to

bedizen         to adorn, especially in a cheap, showy manner

belie           contradict, give a false impression

belittle        cause to seem unimportant

bellicose       belligerent, pugnacious, warlike

belligerent     (person, nation) waging war

belligerently   waging war

bend            cause something to be out of a straight line

benefactor      person who has given help

benevolence     wish or activity in doing good

benign          kind and gentle; mild (climate)

bequest         arrangement to give something at death

berate          scold sharply

bereft          rob or dispossess of something (material)

bewilder        puzzle, confuse

biased          prejudice

bigot           stubborn, narrow-minded person

bilge           bulge, the protuberance of a cask

blandishment    flattery, coaxing

blandness       polite manner, comforting, uninteresting

blatant         noisy and rough, highly obvious

blithe          cheerful, casual, carefree

blithe          gay and joyous

blueprint       plan, scheme, photographic print

blunt           plain, not troubling to be polite

boggle          be alarmed, hesitate, amazed

bogus           sham, counterfeit, not genuine

boisterous      loud, noisy, rough, lacking restraint

bolster         give greatly needed support

boorish         crude, offensive, rude

braid           strands of hair woven together, something edging sloth

brash           hasty, rush; cheeky, saucy

brass           yellow metal (mixing copper and zinc)

brazen          made of brass

breach          opening, broken place, breaking

brisk           active, lively

brisket         breast of an animal

brittle         easily broken

broach          bring up, announce, begin to talk about

brook           to tolerate, endure

buoyant         able to float; light-hearted

burgeon         grow forth, send out buds

burnish         to polish, rub to a shine

bust            run out of money

C

cabal           a scheme or plot, a group of plotters

cadge           to beg, to get by begging

calipers        metal supports attached to the legs, measuring  instrument

calumniate      to slander, present false accusal

calumny         slander, aspersion

candid          frank, straight-forward

canvass         discuss thoroughly; sort of touting

capricious      fickle, whimsical, given to change, unpredictable

castigate       to chastise, correct by punishing

castigation     severe punishment

casual          happening by chance, careless

catalyst        substance that causes speeding up

caustic         biting, sarcastic

censure         expression‎ of blame or disapproval; a rebuke

census          official counting of the population

centurion       leader of a unit of 100 soldiers

chary           cautious, wary

chastened       corrected, punished

chastisement    punishment

chauvinist      a blindly devoted patriot

chisel          steel tool for shaping materials

churl           bad-tempered person

cite            give as an example

clamor          shout, complain with a lot of noise

cleanse         make pure, thoroughly clean

cling to        resist separation

clot            half-solid lump formed from liquid

cloture         closing, device (in Parliament) to end a debate by voting

coalescing      coming together and uniting into one substance

coax            get somebody to do something by kindness

coddle          treat with care and tenderness

coerce          compel, to force to make obedient

coeval‎          of the same period, coexisting

cogent          strong, convincing

cogitate        think deeply, mediate

cognition       knowing, awareness (emotionless)

cognizant       being fully aware of

coherent        sticking together

colander        bowl-shaped vessel with many holes used to drain off water

collaborate     work in partnership

collusion       secret agreement for a deceitful purpose

combustion      process of burning

commemorate     keep the memory of

commend         praise

commendable     worthy of praise

commingle       mingle together

commuter        person who travels regularly

complacently    with self-satisfaction

complaisance    tending to comply, obliging, willingness to please

comply          act in accordance

compound        mix or combine

comprise        be composed of

compunction     feeling of regret for one's action

conceal         hide, keep secret

conceit         over-high opinion of, too much pride

conciliatory    reconciling, soothing, comforting, mollifying

concord         agreement or harmony

concur          agree in opinion, happen together

condense        increase in density, strength, make laconic

condone         forgive

congeal         make or become stiff and solid

conjoin         to join together

connoisseur     a person with good judgment (e.g.. in art)

connotation     suggestion in addition to

consent         give agreement or permission

consequential   pompous, self important

consolation     consoling or being consoled

console         give comfort or sympathy to

conspicuous     easily seen; remarkable

consternation   surprise and fear, dismay

constrict       make tight or smaller

consume         get to the end of

contemn         to scorn or despise

contentious     argumentative, pugnacious, combative, quarrelsome

contiguous      touching, neighboring, near

contrite        filled with deep sorrow for wrongdoing

contumacious    insubordinate, rebellious

conundrum       a riddle, dilemma, enigma

conviction      convincing; firm belief

convoke         call together, summon

convoluted      complicated; coiled, twisted

cord            twisted strands

cordial         warm and sincere

cordon          line (of police acting as a guard)

corporeal       physical; of or for the body

correlate       have a mutual relation

corroboration   additional, strengthening evidence

countenance     to favor or approve of

counterfeit     forgery

countervail     counterbalance

covert          disguised

covetous        eagerly desirous

cower           crouch; shrink back

craven          cowardly

crease          line made by crushing; white line on the ground in cricket

credulity       too great a readiness to believe things

credulous       ready to believe things

crush           press, lose shape, subdue, overwhelm

cryptic         secret, with a hidden meaning

cumbersome      burdensome, heavy and awkward to carry

curmudgeon      bad-tempered person

curriculum      course of study

cursory         quick, hurried

curtail         make shorter then was planned

cynic           person who see no good in anything

D

dart            quick movement; missile in darts

daunt           intimidate, make fearful

dawdler         person who is slow; waste of time

dearth          shortage

debacle         a breakup, overthrow, sudden disaster

decorous        polite, decent

decorum         propriety, properness

decree          order given by authority

decry           disapprove of

defer           postpone; give way (to show respect)

deference       respect

deferential     showing respect

defiance        open disobedience or resistance

deflect         turn aside

defy            resist openly

degrade         reduce in rank or status

delineate       to portray, depict, sketch out

deluge          great flood, heavy rush of water

demagogue       person appealing not to reasons

demur           to hesitate, raise objections

denigrate       blacken, belittle, sully, defame

denouement      an outcome or solution; the unraveling of a plot

denounce        give information against

dent            hollow, depression mad by a blow

deplete         use until none remains

deposition      dethronement, depositing

deprave         make morally bad; corrupt

deprecate       protest against, express disapproval of

dereliction     deserting and leaving to fall into ruins

derision        ridicule, mockery, deriding

derivative      derived, not original or primitive

derivative      unoriginal, obtained from another source

derogatory      insulting; tending to damage

descry          catch sight of, see something in the distance

desiccant       substance used to absorb moisture

desiccate       to dry up, dehydrate

desuetude       cessation of use; disuse

desultory       aimless, haphazard, digressing at random

detach          separate

deter           discourage, hinder

detraction      slandering, verbal attack, aspersion

detumescence    diminishing or lessening of swelling

deviance        being different in moral standards (from normal)

dexterity       skill (esp. in handling)

dexterous       clever, skillful with hands

diaphanous      transparent, gauzy

diatribe        bitter and violent attack in words

dictate         order

diffidence      shyness

diffident       lacking in self-confidence

dilate          speak comprehensively, become wider, large

dilatory        causing delay, procrastinating

disabuse        to undeceive, correct a false impression

disallow        refuse to allow or accept as a correct

discern         see with an effort but clearly

discomfit       confuse, embarrass

discomfit       to defeat, put down

disconcert      upset the self-possession of

discountenance  refuse to approve of

discourse       speech, lecture,

discredit       refuse to believe

disdain         look on with contempt

disencumber     free from encumbrance

disheveled      untidy

disingenuous    sophisticated, artful, trying to deceive, cunning

disinter        dig up from the earth

dislodge        move, force from the place occupied

dismal          sad, gloomy, miserable

disparate       essentially different

dispassionate   free from passion

dissemble       speak or behave so as to hide something (in mind)

disseminate     distribute (esp. ideas)

dissent         have a different opinion, refuse to assent

dissipation     going away, dispersing

dissolution     disintegration, looseness in morals

distinct        easily heard, seen, understood, clearly marked

distorted       pulled out of the usual shape, give a false account of

distraught      distracted, violently upset in mind

distress        great pain; cause discomfort

divergence      getting farther apart from a point

diverse         of different kinds

divestiture     taking off, getting rid of, giving up

divulge         make known something secret

doggerel        trivial, poorly constructed verse

dogmatic        positive, certain, arbitrary, without room for discussion

dogmatism       being dogmatic

dolt            stupid fellow

dormant         in a state of inactivity but awaiting development

dote            show much fondness, center one's attention

drone           male bee, person who isn't self-employed

drowsiness      feeling sleepy, half asleep

dubious         feeling doubt

dud             no use person, something that fails

dulcet          melodious, harmonious

dupe            cheat, make a fool of

duplicity       deliberate deception

duress          threats to compel somebody

dwarf           person or somebody much below the usual size

dynamo          a generator, something that produces electric current

E

earthenware     dishes made of baked clay

ebullience      exuberance, outburst of feeling

ebullient       overflowing with enthusiasm; showing excitement

ecumenical      representing the whole Christian world

edacious        voracious, devouring

eddy            circular or spiral movement (e.g.. of wind)

effete          infertile, worn out, weak

efficacy        production of a desired result

effluvia        outflow in a stream of particles; a noxious odor or vapor

effrontery      boldness, impudence, arrogance

egress          way out, exit

elaborate       worked out with much care in great detail

elate           stimulate

elation         high-spirits

electorate      all the electors

elegy           a lament, a melancholy composition

elicit          draw out

eloquence       fluent speaking; skillful use of language

emaciate        make thin and weak

embellish       make beautiful

embezzle        use in a wrong way for one's own benefit

emergence       emerging

emote           stir up, excite

empirical       relying on experiment

encapsulate     enclose in capsule

encomium        warm or glowing praise; eulogy, panegyric

encumbrance     burden; things that get on the way of

endearing       making dear or liked

endemic         epidemic

endemic         prevailing in a specific area

endorse         write one's name on the back of

enduring        lasting

enervate        weaken, deprive of strength, attenuate

engender        cause, produce, give rise to

engrave         impress deeply

engrossing      taken up all the time or attention; writing in large or formal

engulf          swallow up

enigma          something that is puzzling

enmity          hatred; being an enemy

enormity        excessive wickedness; evilness

enormousness    great size

entangle        put into difficulties

entreat         ask earnestly

enzyme          catalyst

epicure         food lover, a connoisseur of food

Epicurean       devoted to pleasure (sensuous enjoyment)

epistle         letter

epithet         adjective

epitome         brief summary; representative example; a typical model

equable         steady, regular

equanimity      calmness of temperament

equilibrium     state of being balanced

equipoise       equal distribution of weight; equilibrium

equivocal       having a double or doubtful meaning; suspicious

equivocate      try to deceive by equivocal language

eradicate       get rid of; pull up by the roots

erasure         erasing, removing all traces

erode           wear away, eat into

erratic         irregular in behavior or opinion

erudite         learned, scholarly

escalate        increase, develop

esoteric        abstruse; intended only for a small circle of

espouse         marry; give one's support to

eulogy          formal praise; panegyric

euphoria        elation; state of pleasant excitement

euthanasia      easy and painless death

eval‎uating      finding out the value

evaporate       change into vapor, disappear, die

evince          to show clearly, to indicate

evoke           call up, bring out

evolve          unfold, develop naturally and gradually

excoriate       to flay, strip off the skin; to denounce sharply

excoriation     severe criticism

exculpate       free from blame

exculpate       to clear from a charge of guilt

exert           but forth; bring into use

exertion        instance of exerting

exhaustive      complete, thorough

exigency        emergency, an urgent situation

exonerate       free; clear

exoneration     set somebody clear, free (e.g.. from blame)

exorbitant      much too high or great

expatiate       to roam, wander freely

expedient       likely to be useful for a purpose

expiation       ending; expiring

exploit         brilliant achievement; develop; use selfishly

expostulate     argue earnestly to dissuade, correct, or protest

expurgate       to remove obscenity, purify, censor

exscind         to cut out, cut away

exsert          thrust out, push forth

extant          still in existence

extensive       far-reaching

extenuate       reduce the strength of, lessen seriousness, partially excuse

extinct         no longer active

extirpate       to destroy, exterminate, cut out, exscind

extol           praise highly

extort          obtain by threats, violence

extralegal      outside the law

extricable      that can be freed

extrovert       cheerful person

exuberance      state of growing vigorously; being full of life

F

facetious       humorous, funny, jocular

facile          easily done

facilitate      make easy (e.g.. a process of something)

fallacious      based on error

fallacy         false or mistaken belief

fatuous         without sense, foolish self-satisfaction

faucet          device for controlling the outflow of a liquid

fawn            young deer, try to win smb's favor

feckless        futile, irresponsible, inefficient

feckless        lacking purpose or vitality; ineffective; careless

fecund          fertile

feint           pretend

felicitous      apt; suitably expressed, well chosen, apropos

felon           person guilty of murder

ferment         substance; become excited

ferocity        savage cruelty

ferret          discover by searching; search

fertile         producing much, full of ideas

fertilize       make fertile or productive

fervid          intense, zealous

fervid          showing earnest feeling

fervor          warmth of feelings; earnestness

fetter          to shackle, put in chains

feud            bitter quarrel over a long period of time

fidelity        loyalty, accuracy

fidget          move restlessly, make nervous

figurehead      carved image on the prow of a ship

finesse         delicate way of dealing with a situation

finical         too fussy about food, clothing, etc.

finicky         finical

finite          limited, having bounds

fission         splitting or division (esp. of cells)

fixate          stare at

flamboyant      brightly colored, florid

flammable       having tendency to burst into flames

flaunting       show off complacently

flaw            crack, lessen value

flax            pale yellow (hair); a plant

fledged         able to fly, trained, experienced

fleet           number of ships, quick-moving

fleeting        passing quickly

flexibility     easily bent without braking

flinch          draw, move back, wince

florid          very much ornamented; naturally red (e.g.. of face)

floridness      ruddiness; heavily decorated; ornateness

flout           reject, mock, to go against (as in going against tradition)

fluster         make nervous or confused

foible          defect of character (a person is wrongly proud)

foil            prevent from carrying out; contrast

foment          put something warm (to lessen the pain)

foppish         like a man who pays too much attention to his clothes

forbear         refrain from, be patient; ancestor

forbearance     patience, willingness to wait

ford            shallow place in a river (to cross)

forestall       prevent by taking action in advance, preempt

forfeit         suffer the loss of something

forge           workshop for the shaping of metal; to shape metal; lead

forgery         counterfeit

forswear        renounce, disallow, repudiate

fortify         strengthen

fortuitous      happening by chance

foster          nurture, care for

fragile         easily injured, broken or destroyed

fragrant        sweet-smelling

franchise       special right given by authority

frantic         wildly excited with joy, pain, anxiety

frenetic        frantic, frenzied

fret            worry; irritation; wear away

friction        the rubbing of one thing against another, difference of opinion

fringe          edge; ornamental border; part of hair over the forehead

froward         intractable, not willing to yield or comply, stubborn

frugal          careful, economical

fulminate       berate, vituperate, to thunder out, to explode

fulmination     bitter protest

fulsome         disgusting, offensive due to excessiveness

G

gainsay         to deny, declare false, to oppose

gambol          quick, playful jumping

garment         article of clothing

garner          to gather and save; to store up

garrulity       talkativeness

garrulous       too talkative

gaucherie       socially awkward, tactless behavior

germane         relevant; pertinent to

gist            the point, general sense

glean           gather facts in small quantities

glib            ready and smooth but not sincere

gloat over      look at with selfish delight

glut            supply to much, fill to excess

gnaw            waste away; bite steadily

goad            something urging a person to action

gossamer        soft, light, delicate material

gouge           tool for cutting grooves in wood

grace           favor

grave           serious, requiring consideration

gregarious      living in societies; liking the company

grievance       cause for complaint or protest

grievous        causing grief or pain; serious, dire, grave

grimace         twisted expression‎ of a face

grind           crush, polish

grooves         long channel in the surface, habitual way of living

grovel          crawl, humble oneself

guile           deceit, cunning

guileless       straight-forward, candid

gull            cheat, deceive

gullible        easily gulled

gust            outburst of feeling; sudden rain, wind, fire, etc.

H

hack            cut roughly; hired horse

hallow          to make holy; consecrate

hamper          basket with a lid, prevent free movement or activity

hapless         unlucky, unfortunate

harangue        a long, passionate speech

harbinger       something or somebody that foretells the coming of

harrow          to distress, create stress or torment

harsh           rough, cruel, stern

haughty         arrogant; conceited

haven           harbor, safety place

heed            pay attention; notice

heinous         odious (of crime)

heresy          belief contrary to what is generally accepted

hermetic        sealed by fusion

heterogeneous   made up of different kinds

hew             make by hard work; cut (by striking)

hirsute         hairy, shaggy

hoax            mischievous trick played on somebody for a joke

hoi polloi      the masses; the rabble

hollow          not soled, with  hole

holster         leather case for a pistol

hone            stone used for sharpening tools

hoodwink        trick, mislead

hospitable      liking to give hospitality

hubris          arrogant pride

hurdle          light frame, fence to be jumped over

husk            worthless outside part of anything

hypocrisy       falsely making oneself appear to be good

I

iconoclast      person who attacks popular beliefs

iconoclastic    attacking cherished beliefs

idiosyncrasy    personal mannerism

idolatrous      worshipping idols

idolatry        excessive admiration of

idyll           a carefree episode or experience

ignoble         dishonorable, common, undignified

ignominious     shameful, dishonorable, undignified, disgraceful

illicit         unlawful, forbidden

illusory        deceptive; an illusion

imbroglio       complicated and embarrassing situation

immaculate      pure, faultless

immerse         absorb; put under the surface of

imminent        likely to come or happen soon

immutable       that cannot be changed

impair          worsen, diminish in value

impaired        damaged, weakened

impassive       unmoved; feeling no sign of passion

impecunious     having little or no money

impede          hinder; get in the way of

impediment      something that hinders (e.g. stammer)

impending       imminent, being about to happen, expected

imperative      urgent, essential

imperious       commanding, haughty, arrogant

imperviousness  haughty, arrogant, commanding

impermeable     that cannot be permeated

imperturbable   calm; not capable of being excited

impervious      not allowing to pass through (of materials)

imperviousness  arrogance, commanding presence, overbearing

impetuous       having sudden energy, impulsive, thrusting ahead, forceful

impiety         lack of reverence or dutifulness

implacable      incapable of being placated, unpleasable

implausibility  incredibility

implicate       show that somebody has a share

implicit        implied though not plainly expressed

implosion       collapse; bursting inward

imply           make a suggestion

importune       beg urgently; solicit (of a prostitute)

imprecation     an invocation of evil; a curse

impromptu       without preparation

impudence       being rash, indiscreet

impudent        rash, indiscreet

impugned        challenged, to be doubted

impute          to attribute to a cause or source, ascribe

inadvertent     not paying proper attention

inane           silly, senseless

inasmuch        since, because

incense         make angry

incessant       often repeated, continual

inchoate        not yet fully formed, rudimentary, elementary

incise          engrave, make a cut in

incite          stir up, rouse

inclined        directing the mind in a certain direction

incoherently    not consistently, unclearly

incongruous     out of place, not in harmony or agreement

incorrigibility cannot be cured or corrected

incredulous     skeptical, unwilling to believe

inculcate       fix firmly by repetition

incumbents      official duties

incursion       a raid, a sudden attack

indefatigability        not easily exhaustible; tirelessness

indelible       that cannot be rubbed out

indelicate      immodest; lacking in refinement

indigence       poverty

indigenous      native

indistinct      not easily heard, seen, clearly marked

indolence       laziness

indomitable     not easily discouraged or subdued

indulge         gratify, give way to, satisfy; allow oneself

indulgent       inclined to indulge

ineffable       to great to be described in words

ineluctable     certain, inevitable

inept           unskillful; said or done at the wrong time

infertile       not fertile, barren

inflame         become red, angry

inflammatory    tending to inflame

infuriate       fill with fury or rage

infuse          put, pour, fill

ingenuous       naive, young, artless, frank, honest, sincere

ingest          take in by swallowing

inherent        existing as a natural part

inhibit         hinder, restrain

inimical        harmful or friendly

inimitable      defying imitation, unmatchable

innocuous       causing no harm

inscrutable     incapable of being discovered or understood

insensible      unconscious, unresponsive, unaffected

insinuate       suggest unpleasantly; make a way for something gently

insipid         without taste or flavor

insouciant      unconcerned, carefree

insularity      narrow-mindedness, isolated

insurrection    rising of people to open resistance to

interdict       prohibit, forbid

interim         as an installment

intersperse     place here and there

intervene       come between; interfere to change the result

intractable     unruly, refractory, stubborn

intransigence   unwillingness to compromise, stubbornness,intractability

intransigent    uncompromising

intrepid        fearless, brave, undaunted

introspection   examining one's own thoughts and feelings

inundate        flood; cover by overflowing

inured          accustomed to, adapted

invective       abusive language, curses

inveigh         to attack verbally, denounce, deprecate

inveterate      deep-rooted. long-established

involute        complex

irascible       irritable, easily angered

irate           angry

ire             anger

irksome         tiresome

irreconcilable       cannot be brought into harmony

irrelevant      not relevant, not connected

irresolute      hesitating; undecided

irrevocable     final and unalterable

itinerary       plan for a journey, details or records of a route

itinerate       to travel from place to place, to peregrinate

J

jabber          talk excitedly; utter rapidly

jeopardize      put in danger

jibe            gibe, make fun of

jocular         meant as a joke

judicious       sound in judgment; wise

K

knit            draw together, unite firmly

L

labyrinthine    to entangle the state of affairs

lachrymose      causing tears, tearful

lackluster      (of eyes) dull

laconic         brief, to the point, terse

lag             go too slow

lament          show, feel great sorrow

lassitude       weariness, tiredness

latent          present but not yet active, developed or visible

laudatory       expressing or giving praise

lavish          giving or producing freely, liberally or generously

leakage         the process of leaking

legacy          something handed down from ancestors

libel           statement that damages reputation

liberality      free giving; generosity

libertine       immoral person

lien            legal claim until a debt on it is repaid

limn            paint, portray

limp            lacking strength, walking unevenly

lithe           bending, twisting

loll            rest, to sit or stand in a lazy way; hang (dog's tongue)

loquacious      talkative, garrulous

lubricant       substance that makes work easier

lubricate       put oil to make work easily

lubricious      lewd, wanton, greasy, slippery

lucubrate       write in scholarly fashion

luculent        easily understood, lucid, clear

lugubrious      mournful, excessively sad

lull            become quiet or less active

luminary        star, light-giving body

lustrous        being bright, polished

M

macabre         gruesome, suggesting death

machination     plot, scheme (esp. evil)

maladroit       tactless, clumsy

malapropism     misuse of a word (for one that resembles it)

malevolence     wishing to do evil

malign          injurious, speak ill of somebody, tell lie

malinger        to fake illness or injury, in order to shirk a duty

malleable       yielding; easily shaped; moldable; adapting

manacle         chains for the hands or feet

martial         brave, of associated with war

massacre        cruel killing of a large number of people

matriculation   be admitted, enter a university as a student

mature          come to full development, to a state ready for use

maudlin         sentimental in a silly or tearful way

maverick        rebel, nonconformist

mellifluous     sweetly flowing

mendacious      false

mendacity       dishonesty

mendicant       a beggar

mercurial       quick, changeable in character, fleeting

meretricious    attractive on the surface but of little value

mesmerize       hypnotize

meticulous      giving great attention to details

mettle          quality of endurance or courage

mettlesome      courageous, high-spirited

middling        fairly good but not very good

minatory        menacing, threatening

mince           pronounce or speak affectedly, euphemize

misanthrope     person who hates mankind

mischievous     harmful, causing mischief

miser           person who loves wealth and spends little

misogynist      one who hates women/females

missile         something that is thrown or shot

mitigate        make less severe or painful

moderation      quality of being limited, not extreme

mollify         make calmer or quieter

molt            moult, lose hair, feathers before new growing

morbid          diseased, unhealthy (e.g.. about ideas)

morose          ill-tempered, unsocial

mortuary        place where dead bodies are taken to be kept until burial

multifarious    varied, motley, greatly diversified

mundane         worldly as opposed to spiritual; commonplace,everyday

myriad          very great number

N

nadir           lowest, weakest point

nascent         coming into existence, emerging

nebulous        cloud-like; hazy; vague; indistinct

negligent       taking too little care

neophyte        person who has been converted to a belief

nexus           a connection, tie, or link

nibble          show some inclination to accept (an offer)

nice            precise, sensitive to subtleness

noisome         offensive, disgusting (smell)

nonchalant      not having interest

nonplused       greatly surprised

nostrum         a quack remedy, an untested cure

notion          nominal, token

noxious         harmful

nullify         make void and null

numb            without ability to feel or move

numbness        without ability to move a finger

O

obdurate        hardened and unrepenting; stubborn, inflexible

obfuscate       to darken, make obscure, muddle

oblivious       unaware, having no memory

obloquy         abusively detractive language, sharp criticism, vituperation

obsequious      too eager to obey or serve

obsolete        no longer used

obstreperous    noisy, loud

obtain          to be established, accepted, or customary

obtrusive       projecting, prominent, undesirably noticeable

obviate         to make unnecessary, get rid of

occluded        blocked up

occult          hidden, concealed, beyond comprehension

odious          repulsive, hateful

odium           contempt, dislike, aversion

odor            smell; favor; reputation

officious       too eager or ready to help, offer advice

onerous         needing effort, burdensome

opprobrious     showing scorn or reproach

ossify          to turn to bone; to settle rigidly into an idea

ostensible      seeming, appearing as such, professed

ostentation     display to obtain admiration or envy

ostentatious    fond of showing ostentation

ostracism       shut out from society, refuse to meet, talk

ostrich         fast-running bird unable to fly

outset          start

overhaul        examine thoroughly to learn about the condition

overweening     presumptuously arrogant, overbearing, immoderate, being a jerk

overwhelm       weigh down, submerge

P

paean           song of praise or triumph

palate          roof of the mouth; sense of taste

palatial        magnificent

palliate        lessen the severity of

palliate        to make something appear less serious,to alleviate,to gloss over

palpability     can be felt, touched, understood

palpitate       tremble, beat rapidly and irregularly

panegyric       formal praise, eulogy

paradigm        a model, example, or pattern

parenthesis     sentence within another one, something separated

pariah          an outcast, a rejected and despised person

parsimonious    too economical, miserly

partisan        one-sided, committed to a party, biased or prejudiced

patron          regular customer; person who gives support

paucity         scarcity, a lacking of

peccadillo      small sin; small weakness in one's character

pedantic        bookish, showing off learning

pedestrian      commonplace, trite, unremarkable

pellucid        transparent, easy to understand

penchant        strong inclination, a liking

penitent        feeling or showing regret

penury          extreme poverty

peregrination   traveling about, wandering

peremptory      urgent, imperative, unchallengeable, ending debate

perennial       lasting for a long time (e.g.. a year)

perfidious      treacherous, faithless

perfidy         treachery; breaking of faith

perfunctory     done as a duty without care

perilous        dangerous

peripatetic     wandering

perish          be destroyed; decay

perjury         willful false statement, unlawful act

permeate        spread into every part of

pernicious      harmful, injurious

perpetrate      be guilty; commit (a crime)

persevere       keep on steadily, continue

personable      pleasing in appearance, attractive

perspicacity    quick judging and understanding

pertain         belong as a part, have reference

pest            destructive thing or a person who is nuisance

petrified       taken away power (to think, feel, act)

petrify         to make hard, rocklike

petrous         like a rock, hard, stony

petulant        unreasonably impatient

philistine      a smug ignorant person; one who lacks knowledge

phlegmatic      calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional

picaresque      involving clever rogues or adventurers

pied            of mixed colors

pinch           be too tight, take between the thumb and finger

pious           dutiful to parents; devoted to religion

piquant         agreeably pungent, stimulating

pique           hurt the pride or self-respect, stir (curiosity)

pitfall         covered hole as a trap, unsuspected danger

pith            essential part, force, soft liquid substance

pivotal         of great importance (others depend on it)

placate         soothe, pacify, calm

plaintive       mournful, melancholy, sorrowful

plaque          flat metal on a wall as a memorial

platitude       a trite or banal statement; unoriginality

plea            request

plead           address a court of law as an advocate

plethora        glut

pliant          pliable, easily bent, shaped or twisted

plod            continue doing something without resting

pluck           pull the feathers off, pick (e.g.. flowers)

plumb           get to the root of

plummet         fall, plunge, steeply

plunge          move quickly, suddenly and with force

poignant        deeply moving; keen

poise           be ready, be balanced, self-possession

polemical       controversial, argued

ponderous       heavy, bulky, dull

portent         omen; marvelous; threatening

poseur          someone taking on airs to impress others; a phony

posture         state, attitude; adopt a vain

poverty         state of being poor

pragmatic       practical, favoring utility

precarious      uncertain, risky, dangerous

precept         moral instruction

precepts        rules establishing standards of conduct

precipitate     throw something violently down from a height

preclude        prevent, make impossible

precursory      preliminary, anticipating

predilection    special liking, mental preference

predominate     have more power than others

preempt         obtain by preemption or in advance

premature       doing or happening something before the right time

preponderance   greatness in number, strength, weight

presage         warning sign

preternatural   not normal or usual

preval‎ent       common

prevaricate     to equivocate, to stray from the truth

prim            neat; formal

pristine        primitive, unspoiled, pure, as in earlier times, unadulterated

probity         uprightness, incorruptibility, principle

proclivity      inclination

procrastination keeping on putting off

prodigal        wasteful, reckless with money

prodigious      enormous, wonderful

profane         worldly, having contempt for God

profligate      wasteful, prodigal, licentious, extravagant

profundity      depth

proliferate     grow, reproduce by rapid  multification

prolix          tiring because too long

prone           prostrate; inclined to (undesirable things)

propagation     increasing the number, spreading, extending

propinquity     nearness in time or place, affinity of nature

propitiate      do something to take away the anger of

propitiatory    conciliatory, appeasing, mitigating

propitious      auspicious, presenting favorable circumstances

prosaic         everyday, mundane, commonplace, trite, pedestrian

proscribe       denounce as dangerous

protracted      prolonged

provident       frugal; looking to the future

provisional     of the present time only

provoke         make angry; vax

prudence        careful forethought

prudish         easily shocked, excessively modest

prune           dried plum, silly person

pry             get something; inquire too curiously

pugnacious      fond of, in the habit of fighting

punch           strike with the fist; tool for cutting holes; alc.drink

punctilious     precise, paying attention to trivialities

pundit          pedant, authority on a subject

pungency        sharpness; stinging quality

purvey          provide, supply

pusillanimous   cowardly, craven

pyre            large pile of wood for burning

Q

quack           person dishonestly claiming to something

quaff           drink deeply

quail           lose courage, turn frightened

qualm           feeling of doubt, temporary feeling of sickness

quell           suppress, subdue

quibble         try to avoid by sophistication

quiescent       at rest, dormant, torpid

quirk           habit or action peculiar to somebody or something

quixotic        generous, unselfish

quotidian       banal; everyday

R

rabble          mob, crowd; the lower classes of populace

raconteur       person who tells anecdotes

radiant         bright, shining

raffish         low, vulgar, base, tawdry

rail at         find fault, utter reproaches

ramify          to be divided or subdivided; to branch out

rancorous       feeling bitterness, spitefulness

rant            use extravagant language

rapacious       greedy (esp for money)

rarefy          to make thin, to make less dense, to purify or refine

reactionary     opposing progress

rebuff          snub

recalcitrant    disobedient

recant          take back as being false; give up

recast          cast or fashion anew

recidivism      relapse into antisocial or criminal behavior

reciprocity     granting of privileges in return for similar

recitals        a number of, performance of music

recluse         person who lives alone and avoids people

recompense      make payment to; reward, punish

reconcile       settle a quarrel; restore peace

recondite       little known; abstruse

recourse        something turned to for help

recreancy       cowardice, a cowardly giving up

recuperate      become strong after illness, loss, exhaustion

redeem          get back by payment; compensate

redemptive      serving to redeem

redoubtable     formidable, causing fear

refine          make or become pure, cultural

refractory      stubborn, unmanageable, untractable

refulgent       shining, brilliant

regale          to delight or entertain; to feast

regicide        crime of killing a king

reiterate       say or do again several times

rejuvenation    becoming young in nature or appearance

relapse         fall back again

relinquish      give up

reluctant       unwilling or disinclined

remonstrate     to protest, object

render          deliver, provide, represent

renovate        restore something to better condition

renowned        celebrated, famous

rent            regular payment for the use of something, division or split

repast          meal

repine at       be discontented with

reproach        scold, upbraid

reprobate       person hardened in sin; one devoid of decency

repudiate       disown, refuse to accept or pay

repulsive       causing a feeling of disgust

requite         repay, give in return

resigned        unresisting, submissive

resilience      quality of quickly recovering the original shape

resolve         determine

resort to       frequently visit

restive         refusing to move; reluctant to be controlled

resurrect       bring back into use

resuscitation   coming back to consciousness

retard          check, hinder

reticent        reserved, untalkative, silent, taciturn

revere          have deep respect for

rift            split, crack, dissension

rivet           fix, take up, secure; metal pin

roll call       calling of names

rope            thick strong cord made by twisting

rotund          rich and deep; plump and round

rubric          heading, title, or category

ruffian         violent, cruel man

S

sagacious       having sound judgment; perceptive, wise; like a sage

salacious       obscene

salient         prominent, protruding, conspicuous, highly relevant

salubrious      healthful

salutary        remedial, wholesome, causing improvement

sanctimony      self-righteousness, hypocritical, with false piety

sanction        approval (by authority); penalty

sanguine        cheerful, confident, optimistic

sanity          health of mind; soundness of judgement

sap             weaken

sate            satiate

satiate         satisfy fully

saturnine       gloomy, dark, sullen, morose

savant          person of great learning

savor           taste, flavor something

sawdust         tiny bits of wood

scabbard        sheath for the blade

scent           smell (esp pleasant)

scribble        write hastily

scurvy          mean, contemptible

seal            piece of wax, lead, etc stamped on the document

secular         material (not spiritual); living outside monasteries

sedulous        persevering

seminal         like a seed; constituting a source, originative

sententious     short and pithy, full of maxims/proverbs

sequence        succession, connected line of

serrated        having a toothed edge

serration       having a toothed edge

servile         like a slave, lacking independence

severance       severing

shaft           arrow or spear, something long and narrow

shallow         little depth; not earnest

shard           piece of broken earthenware

sheath          cover for the blade of a weapon or a tool

shove           push

shrewd          astute; showing sound judgement

shrill          sharp, piercing

shun            keep away from; avoid

shunt           send from one track to another; lay aside; evade discussion

sidestep        step to one side

sinuous         winding, undulating, serpentine

skiff           small boat

skit            short piece of humorous writing

slack           sluggish; dull; not tight

slake           to assuage, to satisfy, allay

slate           king of blue-grey stone; propose; criticize

sluggard        lazy, slow-moving person

soar            rise, fly high

sober           self-controlled

sobriety        quality or condition of being sober

sodden          soaked, saturated

soggy           heavy with water

solvent         of the power of forming a solution

somatic         of the body

soot            black powder in smoke

sophisticated   complex, subtle, refined

sophistry       fallacious reasoning, faulty logic

sophomoric      self-assured though immature, affected, bombastic, overblown

sordid          wretched, comfortless, contemptible

spear           weapon with a metal point on a long shaft

specious        illogical, of questionable truth or merit

splenetic       bad-tempered, irritable

splice          join (two ends)

sponge          porous rubber for washing; live at once expense

spurious        false, counterfeit

spurn           have nothing to do; reject or refuse

squalid         foul, filthy

squander        spend wastefully

stanch          to stop the flow of a fluid

steeply         rising or falling sharply

stentorian      extremely loud and powerful

stickler        person who insists on importance of something

stigma          mark of shame or disgrace

stigmatize      describe somebody scornfully

sting           something sharp

stingy          spending, using unwillingly

stint           to be thrifty, to set limits

stipulate       state or put forward as a necessary condition

stolid          showing no emotion; impassive

strands         something twisted together into a rope, line of development

stray           wander, lose one's way

streak          long, thin; move very fast

striated        striped, grooved, or banded

stride          walk with long steps

strut           a supporting bar

stygian         hence, dark, gloomy

stymie          to hinder, obstruct, or block

subdue          overcome, bring under control

sublime         extreme; astounding

submerge        put under water, liquid, sink out of sight

suborn          induce by bribery or something to commit perjury

subpoena        written order requiring a person to appear in a law court

subsume         include under a rule

succor          assistance, relief in time of distress

suffice         be enough

sullied         to be stained or discredited

summarily       briefly; without delay

sumptuous       magnificent

sundry          various, miscellaneous, separate

supercilious    disdainful; characterized by haughty scorn

superfluous     more then is needed or wanted

superimpose     put something on the top

supersede       take the place of

supine          lying on the back; slow to act, passive

suppliant       asking humbly, beseeching

supplicate      make a humble petition to

suppress        prevent from being known; put an end to

surfeit         satiate, feed to fulness or to excess

susceptibility  sensitiveness

sustain         keep from falling; maintain; suffer; give a decision

sycophant       person who flatter to the rich and powerful

synopsis        summary or outline

T

taciturn        untalkative, silent

talon           claw of a bird of prey

tamp            tap or drive down by repeated light blows

tamper          interfere with

tangential      suddenly changeable

tarnished       lost brightness

taunt           contemptuous reproach, hurtful remark

taut            tightly stretched

tautology       a repetition, a redundancy

tawdry          cheap, gaudy, showy, tacky

tease           annoy; puzzling question

tedious         tiresome

teetotal        oppose to alcohol

temerity        boldness, brashness, intrepidness

temperance      abstinence from alcohol, self-control, moderation

temperate       showing self-control

tenacity        firmness, persistency, adhesiveness, tending to hang on

tenuous         insubstantial, flimsy, weak

terse           brief and to the point

thrift          care, economy, thriving, prosperous

timid           shy, easily frightened

timorous        fearful, timid, afraid

tolerable       fairly good

tonic           something giving strength or energy

topple          be unsteady and overturn

torment         severe pain or suffering

torpid          sleeping, sluggish, lethargic, dormant

tortuous        full of twists and bends

tout            person who worries others to buy something, to use his service

touting         act as tout

toy             think not seriously, handle absent-mindedly

tractable       easily controlled or guided

transgress      break, go beyond (a limit)

transient       temporary, fleeting

transitory      brief

trenchant       forceful, effective, vigorous; extremely perceptive,incisive

trend           tendency, general direction

trepidation     alarm, excited state of mind

trifling        unimportant

trite           not new

truculence      aggressiveness, ferocity

trudge          walk heavily

turbid          muddy, having the sediment stirred up

turbulence      being uncontrolled, violent

turgid          excessively ornate; swollen or bloated

turmoil         trouble, disturbance

turpitude       wickedness, shamefulness

tyro            tiro, beginner

U

ulterior        situated beyond

umbrage         offense, resentment

uncouth         rough, awkward

underbid        make a lower bid then somebody else

undermine       weaken gradually, at the base, make something under

undulate        to move in wavelike fashion, fluctuate

unencumbered    easy-going, trifle

unfeigned       not pretended, sincere

unscathed       unharmed, unhurt

untoward        unfortunate, inconvenient

upbraid         scold, reproach

urbane          elegant, refined in manners

V

vacillation     being uncertain, hesitating

vagary          strange act or idea

vain            without use, result; conceited

valiant         brave

valorous        brave

vanquish        conquer

vapor           stim, mist

veer            change direction

venal           ready to do something dishonest

veneer          surface appearance covering the true nature

veneration      regard with deep respect

veracity        truth

verisimilitude  appearing true or real

veritable       real, rightly named

verve           spirit, vigor, enthusiasm

vex             annoy, distress, trouble

vigilance       watchfulness, self-appointed group who maintain order

vigilant        member of a vigilance committee

vigorous        strong, energetic

vilify          slander, say evil things

vindictive      having a desire to revenge

virago          a loud, domineering woman; a scold or nag

visceral        of the internal organs of the body

vitiate         lower the quality; weaken the strength

vituperate      curse, abuse in words

vivacious       lively, high-spirited

volatile        changeable, inconstant, fickle, unstable, explosive

volubility      fluency, verbosity, easy use of spoken language

voluble         fluent

voluminous      occupying much space

W

waft            scent, waving movement; carry lightly through

wag             merry person

wage            payment, carry on, engage in (war)

warmonger       person who stirs up war

warp            become bent

warrant         authority, written order, guarantee

wary            cautious

weave           make (threads) into cloth

weigh           measure how heavy something is

welter          turmoil; a bewildering jumble

wend            to go, proceed

whimsical       full of odd and fanciful ideas

wince           show bodily or mental pain

woo             try to win

Y

yarn            tale, story; fibers for knitting

[warmaura]

이거 혹시 1300단어짜리...맞는거 같은데...그러나 계리시험보면서 GRE공부하는건 압박이 넘 심할듯...(경험상)