11/11일 토픽입니다.

[Jacob82]

안녕하세요 토픽나가요~

여느때와 다름없이 3가지이고요

1. 요즘 오바마가 시행하고있는 무상급식에 대한 이야기입니다. USA Today라고 비교적 읽기쉬운 신문에서 발췌했어요~

질문은 모두 글과 연계된 Q&A식입니다.

2. 미국에서 Fisher라는 학생이 텍사스 대학에 떨어진 이유가 AA(소수민족 우대정책)이라며 소송을 건 사건입니다.

 다소 글을  어렵지만 질문을 쉽게 만들었어요 아티클 보고 공부하시고 최대한 쉬운단어,자기단어로 답변 준비해 오세요^^

3. 마지막 아티클은 늘상 그래왔던거 처럼 casual한 아티클입니다. 파파라치에 의한 영국 왕세자비 사진 유출에 대한 이야기이고

질문은 사생활 인권침해에 대해 casual하게 만들었습니다.

항상 그렇지만 1,2번 아티클은 준비 안해오면 답변하기 좀 까다로운게 많으니 준비 많이해서 많이 뱉고 가길 바랄께요~

담주에 뵙죠!~^^

Warming up

1. How was your week?

2. What are your strengths?

3. How about your weaknesses?

1. Why expand school free food programs?

High school kids are complaining about food? So what's new?

What's new is that some high schoolers are giving thumbs-down reviews to Michelle Obama's childhood obesity initiative to cut down on calories in school lunches. One group of students in Kansas were so, uh, famished, they created a four-minute video that was posted on YouTube called "We Are Hungry." They say 850 calories are not enough.

The lunch calorie limit is a response to decades of federal reports condemning the federal school lunch program for its high fat and poor nutrient content. A 2010 University of Michigan study found that students who regularly eat school lunches are 29% more likely to be overweight, and that consumption of school lunches was the single strongest predictor of childhood obesity.

Unfortunately, at the same time brakes are being tapped on caloric intake at lunch, the Obama administration is championing a vast expansion of the school breakfast program. At the same time some kids are getting smaller lunches, others are having multiple breakfasts.

Twelve million kids currently eat school breakfasts, but that number will soar. Under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, all schools with 40% low-income students will be allowed to offer free breakfasts and lunch to all students. That will lead to expanding waistlines. New York City recently suspended expansion of its Breakfast in the Classrooms after discovering that 20% of pupils were eating two breakfasts -- one at home and another at school. An Agriculture Department (USDA) pilot program produced similar findings.

The profusion of free breakfasts could contribute to a far more pervasive health threat. A study published in May in Pediatrics found that the rate of diabetes and pre-diabetes has more than doubled among American teenagers since 1999.

So why push handouts for all pupils? Advocates claim that giving free meals to all kids would eliminate the stigma that might occur if only low-income kids eat breakfast at school. However, the USDA found that stigma had little to do with deterring kids from accepting free breakfasts.

Federally funded lobbies have long portrayed universal free breakfasts as a panacea. But, a 2006 Journal of the American Dietetic Association study concluded that "making universal-free school breakfast available" failed to change "students' dietary outcomes" or reduce the number of kids who skipped breakfast. Similarly, a 2006 Journal of Child Nutrition and Management study and a recent University of North Carolina study concluded that providing universal free breakfasts failed to improve academic performance.

The USDA recently announced new nutritional guidelines for school breakfasts, but Homer Simpson still appears to be the program's patron saint. The breakfast menu for Magnolia ISD High Schools in Texas includes glazed doughnuts. The Galaxy Middle School in Deltona, Fla., offers chocolate and strawberry milk and "4 French Toast Sticks." In Orland, Calif., cinnamon buns are popular.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicts one-third of kids will become diabetic if trends continue. It is a federal crime for food manufacturers to sell products without nutritional labeling. But the USDA does not require schools to disclose to parents how much sugar is being given to their kids.

Unfortunately, politicians can profit short term from passing out free food, but our children may one day recognize that those free lunches and breakfasts were far more expensive than they appeared.

1. Why do advocates favor the free school lunch program?

2. Why are some people against the free school lunch program?

3. Can you identify some of the negative aspects to the free food program?

4. How are students reacting to Obama's health campaign to cut down on calories?

2. High court looks at race in college admissions

WASHINGTON (AP) — Nine years after the Supreme Court said colleges and universities can use race in their quest for diverse student bodies, the justices have put this divisive social issue back on their agenda in the middle of a presidential election campaign.

Nine years is a blink of the eye on a court where justices can look back two centuries for legal precedents. But with an ascendant conservative majority, the high court in arguments Wednesday will weigh whether to limit or even rule out taking race into account in college admissions.

The justices will be looking at the University of Texas program that is used to help fill the last quarter or so of its incoming freshman classes. Race is one of many factors considered by admissions officers. The rest of the roughly 7,100 freshman spots automatically go to Texans who graduated in the top 8 percent of their high school classes.

A white Texan, Abigail Fisher, sued the university after she was denied a spot in 2008.

The simplest explanation for why affirmative action is back on the court's calendar so soon after its 2003 decision in Grutter v. Bollinger is that the author of that opinion, Sandra Day O'Connor, has retired. Her successor, Justice Samuel Alito, has been highly skeptical of any use of racial preference.

Justice Anthony Kennedy, a dissenter in the 2003 decision, probably holds the deciding vote, and he, too, has never voted in favor of racial preference.

As a result, said Supreme Court lawyer Thomas Goldstein, "No matter what the court does, it is quite likely that the UT program is going to be in big trouble."

The challenge to the Texas plan has gained traction in part because the university has produced significant diversity by automatically offering about three-quarters of its spots to graduates in the top 10 percent of their Texas high schools, under a 1990s state law signed by then-Gov. George W. Bush. The admissions program has been changed so that now only the top 8 percent gain automatic admission.

More than eight in ten African-American and Latino students who enrolled at the flagship campus in Austin last year were automatically admitted, according to university statistics. Even among the rest, both sides acknowledge that the use of race is modest.

In all, black and Hispanic students made up more than a quarter of the incoming freshmen class. White students constituted less than half the entering class when students with Asian backgrounds and other minorites were added in.

"For decades, the defense of racial preferences was, 'We'd love to find a way to get diversity without using race, but it's just not possible. There's just no other way.' And Texas found another way," said Richard Kahlenburg, a senior fellow at the Century Foundation and prominent advocate of class-based affirmative action.

The university says the extra measure of diversity it gets from the slots outside automatic admission is crucial because too many of its classrooms have only token minority representation, at best. At the same time, Texas argues that race is one of many factors considered and that it "is impossible to tell whether an applicant's race was a tipping factor."

The Obama administration, 57 of the Fortune 100 companies and large numbers of public and private colleges that could be affected by the outcome are backing the Texas program. Among the benefits of affirmative action, the administration argues, is that it creates a pipeline for a diverse officer corps that it called "essential to the military's operational readiness." In 2003, the court cited the importance of a similar message from military leaders.

But lawyers for Fisher, of Sugar Land, Texas, said the race-blind method under which the university automatically admits most of its students has been successful. They say Fisher, who has since graduated from Louisiana State University, was excluded because of her race, and they point to a handful of African-American and Latino students who were admitted with lower scores than hers.

"If any state action should respect racial equality, it is university admission," Fisher's lawyers said in their written submission to the court.

The university says that a fuller picture of the process shows that white students with lower scores also were admitted, while many more minority students with higher scores than Fisher also were not offered admission.

The case also raises several contentious side issues, including whether affirmative-action programs hurt the very people they are supposed to be helping. A new book by law professor Richard Sander and journalist Stuart Taylor argues that "large preferences often place students in environments where they can neither learn nor compete effectively, even though these same students would thrive had they gone to less competitive but still quite good schools."

Their book, "Mismatch," says these students are set up to fail, getting lower grades and dropping out more often than white students with similar backgrounds.

Taylor and Sander, a law professor at the University of California at Los Angeles, point to statistics in California to support their argument. After voters changed the state constitution to outlaw racial preferences, UCLA saw significant declines in enrollment by black and Hispanic students.

But the number of African-American and Latino graduates was unchanged for the five classes after the ban when compared to the five years before the change in state law, they said.

The dozens of legal briefs in the Texas case also highlight a debate over whether racial preference programs actually limit the number of students from Asian backgrounds, who are disproportionately represented in student bodies relative to their share of the population.

The university says Asian-American enrollment has increased under the policy that is being challenged. The numbers would be even higher if Texas stopped factoring in race, Fisher and others say.

1. Are you up for A.A(Affirmative Action) or not?

2. Do you really think that Fisher is denied the admission by U.T based on her        skin color?

3. As we all know, U.S. is a litigious society. Does it bother you?

4. Do you believe that a skin color has impact on one's perception?

   For instance, when we see the black, we tend to think that they are uneducated     and not smart.

5. Can you summarize what was happening in the article?  

3. The Kate Middleton topless photos are the grossest invasion of privacy

Princess Kate and Prince William face the dark side of royal life as topless photos taken of her with a long-lens camera as she sunbathed at a private estate in the South of France during a romantic getaway go viral. This week's issue of PEOPLE examines how she's coping, who's to blame, and how the Palace is standing by the future Queen.

"They were absolutely united in how they felt about it," a source says of the couple, who struggled to hide their emotions in public. "A red line had been crossed." And an era of relative innocence, it seemed, had come to a sudden, jarring end for Britain's golden couple. For the perfect princess, who hadn't put a foot wrong since saying her I dos in Westminster Abbey, it was a baptism by fire into the complete lack of privacy that is royal life. For Prince William, who had assiduously shielded his beloved from the kind of media attention that ruined the life of his mother, Princess Diana, it was an infuriating reminder of the limits of his control. And for the Palace, fresh from Prince Harry's nude photo scandal in Las Vegas, it was one more headache they didn't need.

Official response was swift: As an angry Prince William and a solemn-looking Kate took off in a plane that afternoon, the Palace released a statement declaring that Closer, the French magazine that had published the photos, "had invaded their privacy in…a grotesque and totally unjustifiable manner." Four days later, lawyers for the couple won an injunction forcing the magazine to cease publication of the photos. It was a victory, but the damage had largely been done. The risque shots had already been on sale for days in France, been reprinted in other foreign tabloids and gone viral online. The couple filed a criminal complaint against the as-yet-unidentified photographer for invasion of privacy, and a criminal investigation had been launched.

As Will and Kate, both 30, continued their tour of Asia, they could rest assured that the "anger and disbelief," as a source described it to PEOPLE, felt by their relatives – especially the Queen – was not directed at them. "The rest of the royal family are most definitely supporting them in everything that they are doing," says a Palace source. Adds Ken Wharfe, a former bodyguard to Princess Diana: "If this were Fergie, [the Queen] would be livid. But this is top-drawer royalty: a favorite grandson and his beautiful wife. They live in another world."

Taking off her bikini top during a private vacation – in the nudity-friendly South of France, no less – is certainly not the crime of the century. "She's got to have a life; they both have," says a hometown friend. "When they are on vacation, they should be left alone." By the pool on Sept. 5, the intention was just that. "They were in a private place, they felt secluded," says Prince William's former press officer Colleen Harris. "If she thought for a second anyone would see, she wouldn't have done it."

Security experts blame their protection officers for failing to secure the estate's perimeter. "Every plan must look at what-if scenarios," says Dai Davies, former head of royal protection at Scotland Yard, who suggests that if a photographer could see her from the road, so could a sniper. But others insist the royal couple are to blame. Says fashion commentator Hilary Alexander: "Sunbathing topless is one of those things you might just have to give up as a future Queen."

1. What do you think of the PaParazzi?

2. What is the first thing in your mind when you heard of the word, "PaParazzi"?

3. Is there any cases that you can remember in terms of privacy invasion?

1111토픽.hwp

[Lisa zzang]

저 참가요 ^^ 근데.. 파일을 워드로 올려주심 안될까요? ^^;; 아님 본문을 복사해서 글에 올려주심..감사하겠습니다 ^^

[Jacob82]

네 알겠습니다.^^

[스터디해용]

참여 신청자 명단입니다^^
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