스크랩 오바마의 `베를린 연설` - "A World that Stands as One"

[천마]

미 민주당 대선 후보 버락 오바마가 '연설의 달인'으로서의 면모를 다시 한번 과시했습니다. 유럽 순방 중인 24일 베를린 티어가르텐에서입니다. 무려 20만명이 운집한 그곳에서 오바마는 "세계인이여, 하나로 단결하자"는 주제의 연설을 했습니다. 비록 소련은 망하고, 베를린 장벽은 무너졌지만 지구 상엔 여전히 온 인류가 힘을 합쳐 대처해야할 문제들이 산적했다고 그는 지적했습니다. 다르푸르의 인종학살, 지구 온난화, 핵무기와 아편, 빈곤과 테러...세계 각국에 영향을 미치는 이들 난제는 어느 한 나라-그것이 초강대국 미국이라 해도-의 힘으론 해결할 수 없다 했습니다. 그러나 세계인들이 한데 힘을 모으면 무너뜨리지 못할 벽이 없다고, 그러니 하나가 되자고 오바마는 역설했습니다. 미국을 넘어 전 세계를 대상으로 변화와 희망의 메시지를 날린 것입니다.

 청중들은 환호했습니다. 혼자 잘났다는 듯 일방적 외교를 펼쳐온 부시 정부에 진절머리를 냈던 유럽인들입니다. 자세를 낮추고 도움을 요청하는 오바마에게 그들은 덮어놓고 호감을 표시합니다. 그런 차원에서 아프가니스탄에 병력과 돈을 더 지원해달라 요청한 것이 골치 아프긴 하지만 그건 나중 일로 치부하는 듯 합니다. 일단은 '사랑할 만한' 미국 지도자를 만난 기쁨에 잠시 도취하려는 분위기가 대세입니다.

 오바마의 성공적인 해외 투어에 대해 비판적인 시각이 없는 건 아닙니다. 우선 달콤한 말 그 이면에 치밀한 정책이 부재함을 지적하는 목소리가 높습니다. 밖에선 세계인의 협조를 구하면서도 안에선 노동자층 표를 의식해 보호무역주의를 외치는 이중성이 대표적이죠. 듣기 좋은 꽃노래도 한두번이지 말끝마다 '변화와 희망'을 들먹이는데 물렸다는 사람들도 적지 않습니다.

 내놓는 연설마다 화제를 불러일으켜온 오바마의 신작 '베를린 연설'을 음미하시면서 여러분 나름의 판단을 내려보시는 건 어떨까요. 원문 아래 중앙선데이가 정리한 번역 기사도 올려놓았습니다.   

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"A World that Stands as One"

July 24th, 2008

Berlin, Germany

Thank you to the citizens of Berlin and to the people of Germany. Let me thank Chancellor Merkel and Foreign Minister Steinmeier for welcoming me earlier today. Thank you Mayor Wowereit, the Berlin Senate, the police, and most of all thank you for this welcome.

I come to Berlin as so many of my countrymen have come before. Tonight, I speak to you not as a candidate for President, but as a citizen - a proud citizen of the United States, and a fellow citizen of the world.

I know that I don't look like the Americans who've previously spoken in this great city. The journey that led me here is improbable. My mother was born in the heartland of America, but my father grew up herding goats in Kenya. His father - my grandfather - was a cook, a domestic servant to the British.

At the height of the Cold War, my father decided, like so many others in the forgotten corners of the world, that his yearning - his dream - required the freedom and opportunity promised by the West. And so he wrote letter after letter to universities all across America until somebody, somewhere answered his prayer for a better life.

That is why I'm here. And you are here because you too know that yearning. This city, of all cities, knows the dream of freedom. And you know that the only reason we stand here tonight is because men and women from both of our nations came together to work, and struggle, and sacrifice for that better life.

Ours is a partnership that truly began sixty years ago this summer, on the day when the first American plane touched down at Templehof.

On that day, much of this continent still lay in ruin. The rubble of this city had yet to be built into a wall. The Soviet shadow had swept across Eastern Europe, while in the West, America, Britain, and France took stock of their losses, and pondered how the world might be remade.

This is where the two sides met. And on the twenty-fourth of June, 1948, the Communists chose to blockade the western part of the city. They cut off food and supplies to more than two million Germans in an effort to extinguish the last flame of freedom in Berlin.

The size of our forces was no match for the much larger Soviet Army. And yet retreat would have allowed Communism to march across Europe. Where the last war had ended, another World War could have easily begun. All that stood in the way was Berlin.

And that's when the airlift began - when the largest and most unlikely rescue in history brought food and hope to the people of this city.

The odds were stacked against success. In the winter, a heavy fog filled the sky above, and many planes were forced to turn back without dropping off the needed supplies. The streets where we stand were filled with hungry families who had no comfort from the cold.

But in the darkest hours, the people of Berlin kept the flame of hope burning. The people of Berlin refused to give up. And on one fall day, hundreds of thousands of Berliners came here, to the Tiergarten, and heard the city's mayor implore the world not to give up on freedom. "There is only one possibility," he said. "For us to stand together united until this battle is won...The people of Berlin have spoken. We have done our duty, and we will keep on doing our duty. People of the world: now do your duty...People of the world, look at Berlin!"

People of the world - look at Berlin!

Look at Berlin, where Germans and Americans learned to work together and trust each other less than three years after facing each other on the field of battle.

Look at Berlin, where the determination of a people met the generosity of the Marshall Plan and created a German miracle; where a victory over tyranny gave rise to NATO, the greatest alliance ever formed to defend our common security.

Look at Berlin, where the bullet holes in the buildings and the somber stones and pillars near the Brandenburg Gate insist that we never forget our common humanity.

People of the world - look at Berlin, where a wall came down, a continent came together, and history proved that there is no challenge too great for a world that stands as one.

Sixty years after the airlift, we are called upon again. History has led us to a new crossroad, with new promise and new peril. When you, the German people, tore down that wall - a wall that divided East and West; freedom and tyranny; fear and hope - walls came tumbling down around the world. From Kiev to Cape Town, prison camps were closed, and the doors of democracy were opened. Markets opened too, and the spread of information and technology reduced barriers to opportunity and prosperity. While the 20th century taught us that we share a common destiny, the 21st has revealed a world more intertwined than at any time in human history.

The fall of the Berlin Wall brought new hope. But that very closeness has given rise to new dangers - dangers that cannot be contained within the borders of a country or by the distance of an ocean.

The terrorists of September 11th plotted in Hamburg and trained in Kandahar and Karachi before killing thousands from all over the globe on American soil.

As we speak, cars in Boston and factories in Beijing are melting the ice caps in the Arctic, shrinking coastlines in the Atlantic, and bringing drought to farms from Kansas to Kenya.

Poorly secured nuclear material in the former Soviet Union, or secrets from a scientist in Pakistan could help build a bomb that detonates in Paris. The poppies in Afghanistan become the heroin in Berlin. The poverty and violence in Somalia breeds the terror of tomorrow. The genocide in Darfur shames the conscience of us all.

In this new world, such dangerous currents have swept along faster than our efforts to contain them. That is why we cannot afford to be divided. No one nation, no matter how large or powerful, can defeat such challenges alone. None of us can deny these threats, or escape responsibility in meeting them. Yet, in the absence of Soviet tanks and a terrible wall, it has become easy to forget this truth. And if we're honest with each other, we know that sometimes, on both sides of the Atlantic, we have drifted apart, and forgotten our shared destiny.

In Europe, the view that America is part of what has gone wrong in our world, rather than a force to help make it right, has become all too common. In America, there are voices that deride and deny the importance of Europe's role in our security and our future. Both views miss the truth - that Europeans today are bearing new burdens and taking more responsibility in critical parts of the world; and that just as American bases built in the last century still help to defend the security of this continent, so does our country still sacrifice greatly for freedom around the globe.

Yes, there have been differences between America and Europe. No doubt, there will be differences in the future. But the burdens of global citizenship continue to bind us together. A change of leadership in Washington will not lift this burden. In this new century, Americans and Europeans alike will be required to do more - not less. Partnership and cooperation among nations is not a choice; it is the one way, the only way, to protect our common security and advance our common humanity.

That is why the greatest danger of all is to allow new walls to divide us from one another.

The walls between old allies on either side of the Atlantic cannot stand. The walls between the countries with the most and those with the least cannot stand. The walls between races and tribes; natives and immigrants; Christian and Muslim and Jew cannot stand. These now are the walls we must tear down.

We know they have fallen before. After centuries of strife, the people of Europe have formed a Union of promise and prosperity. Here, at the base of a column built to mark victory in war, we meet in the center of a Europe at peace. Not only have walls come down in Berlin, but they have come down in Belfast, where Protestant and Catholic found a way to live together; in the Balkans, where our Atlantic alliance ended wars and brought savage war criminals to justice; and in South Africa, where the struggle of a courageous people defeated apartheid.

So history reminds us that walls can be torn down. But the task is never easy. True partnership and true progress requires constant work and sustained sacrifice. They require sharing the burdens of development and diplomacy; of progress and peace. They require allies who will listen to each other, learn from each other and, most of all, trust each other.

That is why America cannot turn inward. That is why Europe cannot turn inward. America has no better partner than Europe. Now is the time to build new bridges across the globe as strong as the one that bound us across the Atlantic. Now is the time to join together, through constant cooperation, strong institutions, shared sacrifice, and a global commitment to progress, to meet the challenges of the 21st century. It was this spirit that led airlift planes to appear in the sky above our heads, and people to assemble where we stand today. And this is the moment when our nations - and all nations - must summon that spirit anew.

This is the moment when we must defeat terror and dry up the well of extremism that supports it. This threat is real and we cannot shrink from our responsibility to combat it. If we could create NATO to face down the Soviet Union, we can join in a new and global partnership to dismantle the networks that have struck in Madrid and Amman; in London and Bali; in Washington and New York. If we could win a battle of ideas against the communists, we can stand with the vast majority of Muslims who reject the extremism that leads to hate instead of hope.

This is the moment when we must renew our resolve to rout the terrorists who threaten our security in Afghanistan, and the traffickers who sell drugs on your streets. No one welcomes war. I recognize the enormous difficulties in Afghanistan. But my country and yours have a stake in seeing that NATO's first mission beyond Europe's borders is a success. For the people of Afghanistan, and for our shared security, the work must be done. America cannot do this alone. The Afghan people need our troops and your troops; our support and your support to defeat the Taliban and al Qaeda, to develop their economy, and to help them rebuild their nation. We have too much at stake to turn back now.

This is the moment when we must renew the goal of a world without nuclear weapons. The two superpowers that faced each other across the wall of this city came too close too often to destroying all we have built and all that we love. With that wall gone, we need not stand idly by and watch the further spread of the deadly atom. It is time to secure all loose nuclear materials; to stop the spread of nuclear weapons; and to reduce the arsenals from another era. This is the moment to begin the work of seeking the peace of a world without nuclear weapons.

This is the moment when every nation in Europe must have the chance to choose its own tomorrow free from the shadows of yesterday. In this century, we need a strong European Union that deepens the security and prosperity of this continent, while extending a hand abroad. In this century - in this city of all cities - we must reject the Cold War mind-set of the past, and resolve to work with Russia when we can, to stand up for our values when we must, and to seek a partnership that extends across this entire continent.

This is the moment when we must build on the wealth that open markets have created, and share its benefits more equitably. Trade has been a cornerstone of our growth and global development. But we will not be able to sustain this growth if it favors the few, and not the many. Together, we must forge trade that truly rewards the work that creates wealth, with meaningful protections for our people and our planet. This is the moment for trade that is free and fair for all.

This is the moment we must help answer the call for a new dawn in the Middle East. My country must stand with yours and with Europe in sending a direct message to Iran that it must abandon its nuclear ambitions. We must support the Lebanese who have marched and bled for democracy, and the Israelis and Palestinians who seek a secure and lasting peace. And despite past differences, this is the moment when the world should support the millions of Iraqis who seek to rebuild their lives, even as we pass responsibility to the Iraqi government and finally bring this war to a close.

This is the moment when we must come together to save this planet. Let us resolve that we will not leave our children a world where the oceans rise and famine spreads and terrible storms devastate our lands. Let us resolve that all nations - including my own - will act with the same seriousness of purpose as has your nation, and reduce the carbon we send into our atmosphere. This is the moment to give our children back their future. This is the moment to stand as one.

And this is the moment when we must give hope to those left behind in a globalized world. We must remember that the Cold War born in this city was not a battle for land or treasure. Sixty years ago, the planes that flew over Berlin did not drop bombs; instead they delivered food, and coal, and candy to grateful children. And in that show of solidarity, those pilots won more than a military victory. They won hearts and minds; love and loyalty and trust - not just from the people in this city, but from all those who heard the story of what they did here.

Now the world will watch and remember what we do here - what we do with this moment. Will we extend our hand to the people in the forgotten corners of this world who yearn for lives marked by dignity and opportunity; by security and justice? Will we lift the child in Bangladesh from poverty, shelter the refugee in Chad, and banish the scourge of AIDS in our time?

Will we stand for the human rights of the dissident in Burma, the blogger in Iran, or the voter in Zimbabwe? Will we give meaning to the words "never again" in Darfur?

Will we acknowledge that there is no more powerful example than the one each of our nations projects to the world? Will we reject torture and stand for the rule of law? Will we welcome immigrants from different lands, and shun discrimination against those who don't look like us or worship like we do, and keep the promise of equality and opportunity for all of our people?

People of Berlin - people of the world - this is our moment. This is our time.

I know my country has not perfected itself. At times, we've struggled to keep the promise of liberty and equality for all of our people. We've made our share of mistakes, and there are times when our actions around the world have not lived up to our best intentions.

But I also know how much I love America. I know that for more than two centuries, we have strived - at great cost and great sacrifice - to form a more perfect union; to seek, with other nations, a more hopeful world. Our allegiance has never been to any particular tribe or kingdom - indeed, every language is spoken in our country; every culture has left its imprint on ours; every point of view is expressed in our public squares. What has always united us - what has always driven our people; what drew my father to America's shores - is a set of ideals that speak to aspirations shared by all people: that we can live free from fear and free from want; that we can speak our minds and assemble with whomever we choose and worship as we please.

These are the aspirations that joined the fates of all nations in this city. These aspirations are bigger than anything that drives us apart. It is because of these aspirations that the airlift began. It is because of these aspirations that all free people - everywhere - became citizens of Berlin. It is in pursuit of these aspirations that a new generation - our generation - must make our mark on the world.

People of Berlin - and people of the world - the scale of our challenge is great. The road ahead will be long. But I come before you to say that we are heirs to a struggle for freedom. We are a people of improbable hope. With an eye toward the future, with resolve in our hearts, let us remember this history, and answer our destiny, and remake the world once again.

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“지구의 위기, 아무리 강한 국가도 혼자선 대처 못해”

 

24일(현지시간) 베를린에서 미국 민주당 대통령 후보로 확정된 버락 오바마가 연설했다. 1963년 케네디 대통령이 “Ich bin ein Berliner(나는 베를린의 시민입니다)”라고 선언하고, 87년 레이건 대통령이 “베를린 장벽을 무너뜨리라”고 외쳤던 바로 그곳에서다. 오바마는 20만 명의 청중을 사로잡았다. ‘세계 시민’으로서 ‘또 다른 장벽’을 없애자는 외침으로…. <편집자>

버락 오바마 미국 민주당 대통령 후보가 베를린 티어가르텐 공원 승전탑 앞에서 연설을 마친 뒤 20만 청중에게 손을 흔들고 있다. 로이터=연합뉴스

오늘 저는 대통령 후보로서가 아니라 시민의 한 사람으로서 말하고자 합니다. 자랑스러운 미국 시민이자 세계 시민의 일원으로서 말입니다.

60년 전 여름, 미국·영국·프랑스 등 서방세계가 전후 복구에 힘을 쏟고 있을 때 소련이 동유럽 전역에 그림자를 드리웠습니다. 양대 진영이 맞닥뜨린 곳이 바로 베를린입니다. 1948년 6월 24일 소련은 베를린 서쪽을 봉쇄하고 200만 명의 독일인에게 식량과 물자 공급을 중단했습니다. 마지막 자유의 불꽃을 꺼뜨리려는 시도였습니다.

베를린 시민을 구하기 위한 역사상 가장 큰 규모의 물자 공수(空輸) 작전이 시작됐습니다. 그런데 겨울의 짙은 안개가 하늘을 뒤덮어 많은 비행기가 그냥 돌아갔습니다.

지금 우리가 있는 이 거리에는 굶주린 가족들이 추위에 떨며 서 있었습니다. 그러나 베를린 시민들은 포기하지 않았습니다. 지금 제가 서 있는 이곳 티어가르텐 공원에서 베를린 시장이 자유를 포기하지 말라고 전 세계에 호소했습니다. “우리에겐 이 싸움에서 이길 때까지 함께 견디는 길밖에 없습니다. 우리는 책임을 다했습니다. 앞으로도 그럴 겁니다. 세계 시민 여러분, 이젠 여러분 몫의 책임을 질 때입니다. 세계 시민 여러분, 베를린을 보십시오!”

세계 시민 여러분, 베를린을 보십시오.
베를린을 보십시오. 미국과 독일이 서로 전쟁터에서 싸운 지 3년도 안 돼 서로를 신뢰하고 함께 일하는 법을 배운 곳입니다. 세계 시민 여러분, 베를린을 보십시오. 장벽이 무너진 곳, 대륙이 하나 된 곳, 세계가 힘을 합치면 어떠한 어려움도 이겨 낼 수 있음을 역사가 증명해 낸 곳입니다.

동과 서, 자유와 독재, 공포와 희망을 갈라놓은 그 장벽을 여러분이 무너뜨렸을 때 세계 곳곳의 장벽들도 무너져 내렸습니다. 민주주의와 시장경제의 문이 열렸고, 정보와 기술이 확산되면서 기회와 부를 가로막는 장벽이 낮아졌습니다. 20세기에는 세계가 공동운명체라는 사실을 깨달았습니다. 21세기는 역사상 어느 때보다 세계가 서로 떼놓을 수 없을 정도로 얽혀 있습니다. 베를린 장벽의 붕괴는 새로운 희망을 줬습니다. 그러나 세계가 밀접해지면서 새로운 위험이 나타나고 있습니다. 한 국가나 대륙에서 해결할 수 없는 위험입니다.

9·11 테러리스트들은 미국 땅에서 수천 명을 죽이기 전에 함부르크에서 계획을 세우고 칸다하르에서 훈련을 했습니다. 보스턴을 달리는 자동차와 베이징의 공장 때문에 남극 빙하가 녹고, 대서양 해안이 위협당하고, 캔자스와 케냐의 농장들이 가뭄을 겪습니다. 아프가니스탄에서 자란 양귀비들이 베를린에 돌아다니는 헤로인이 됩니다.

새로운 세상에서는 아무리 크고 강한 국가라도 이런 도전에 홀로 대응할 수 없습니다. 누구도 이런 위협을 부인할 수 없지만, 소련군의 탱크와 끔찍한 장벽은 사라졌기에 이러한 사실을 잊기 쉽습니다.

세계 시민으로서의 의무가 유럽과 미국을 하나로 묶을 것입니다. 새로운 세기에 미국과 유럽은 서로를 더욱 필요로 할 것입니다. 국가 간의 협력과 공조는 선택의 문제가 아니라 인류의 안보와 발전을 위한 유일한 길입니다. 그래서 서로를 갈라놓는 새로운 장벽이 생기도록 내버려두는 게 우리 모두에게 가장 큰 위험입니다.

역사는 우리에게 장벽을 무너뜨릴 수 있다는 사실을 알려주었습니다. 그러나 결코 쉬운 일이 아닙니다. 진정한 파트너십은 부단한 노력과 희생을 요구합니다. 서로를 경청하고, 서로에게 배우고, 무엇보다 서로를 신뢰해야 합니다.

누구도 전쟁을 환영하지 않습니다. 그러나 아프간 사람들을 위해, 미국과 유럽의 안보를 위해 해야만 할 일이 있습니다. 미국은 이 일을 혼자 해낼 수 없습니다. 아프간 사람들에게는 우리(미국)의 군대, 여러분(유럽)의 군대가 필요합니다. 탈레반과 알카에다를 물리치기 위해, 아프간 경제를 발전시키기 위해, 새로운 국가를 세우기 위해 우리의 지원과 여러분의 지원이 필요합니다.

이제 우리는 이 지구를 구하기 위해 힘을 합쳐야 합니다. 우리 아이들에게 미래를 돌려줘야 할 때입니다. 우리가 하나가 될 때 가능한 일입니다. 버마 반체제 인사들의 인권을 위해, 이란의 블로거들을 위해, 짐바브웨의 유권자들을 위해 나서겠습니까. 이민자들을 환영하고 외모나 종교 때문에 차별하지 않겠습니까. 모든 이가 평등과 기회를 보장받도록 하겠습니까.

베를린 시민 여러분, 세계 시민 여러분, 지금이 바로 그때입니다. 이런 꿈을 이루겠다는 열망은 우리를 하나로 묶어 줍니다. 이 열망 때문에 물자 공수 작전이 시작됐습니다. 이 열망 때문에 모든 자유 시민들은 베를린 시민이 되었습니다. 우리 앞에 놓인 과제는 엄청납니다. 갈 길은 무척 멉니다. 그러나 우리는 자유를 위한 투쟁을 이뤄 낸 이들의 후예입니다. 우리는 믿어지지 않을 정도로 큰 희망을 가진 사람들입니다. 미래를 바라보고, 가슴에 굳은 결의를 품고, 이 역사를 기억합시다. 우리에게 주어진 사명에 응답합시다. 이 세계를 새롭게 재건합시다.


Mozart
Horn Concerto No. 4 in E flat major, K. 495
Peter Damm, Horn
Neville Marriner, cond
Academy of St. Martin-in-the-Fields



1. Allegro moderato