BASIC WORDS
1. GET : 원하던 원치않던 자기한테로 오는것(받다)
1) get + adverb : -을 하다
* get up / down / in / out / on / off * I'm getting off at the next station.
2) get + adjective : -을 하게되다
* get old / married / fat / thin / drunk / hurt / rid of / mad at / hungry / busy / thirsty / angry / sick / wet / cold / * I hope you will get well soon. * get caught in traffic jam / taken over by - (-에 의해 인수되다) / told off for - (-때문에 꾸중을 듣다)
3) get + prepositional phrases : -에 들어가다,나오다. -하게되다
* get into a room / training / bad company / good habits / troubles / hot water / shape / place / order / control / debts * Let's get down to business.
* get out of a car / one's way / shape / place / order / control / debts
4) get + noun : -을 받다,얻다
* get the prize / permission / the measles / a newspaper / a letter / a salary / a punch / a job / a lesson * I got it. I got the picture.
5) get + noun + noun : -에게 -를 얻게하다
* His novel got him a fame. * His dishonesty got him dirty looks from others.
6) get + noun + adverb, adjective, prepositional phrases : -을 -하게 하다
* get him up / down / in / out / on / off * The news certainly got her down. * Don't get me wrong.
* get him hurt / busy / involved in the crime
* get him into debts / the books in place / him out of punishment
7) get + noun + to (do) : -를 -하게 하다 (준사역동사)
* It was difficult to get her to believe it. * You'll never get him to understand it.
2. TAKE : get보다 적극적인 의지의 표현, 몸의 일부를 움직여 자기에게 더하다
1) take + noun
* take a stroll / a walk / a bath / a rest / medicine / poison / a lesson / a holiday / an exam / a taxi / a picture / a nap / a vote / a meal / fire / a seat / the prize / power / office / a chance
2) take + adverb, preposition
* take away ; Take the knife away from that child. * take in ; He took me in completely.(속이다)
* take apart ; The engineer took the engine apart. * take after ; The boy takes after his father.
* take down ; The concert notice is out of date. Take it down.(떼어내라) I took down what he said. (받아쓰다) I want to take him down a bit.(콧대를 꺽다)
* take off ; Take off your wet shoes so you won't catch cold. The surgeon took off her arm.
The accident occured while the plane was taking off.
* take on ; He took on the responsibility of chairman.(책임을 맡다)
* take out ; The thief took out a knife and attacked the policeman. He took out his anger on the dog.
* take over ; He took the business over from his father.
* take to ; He has taken to smoking.(좋아하게 되다)
3) idiom
* take care of ; He takes bad care of his car. Take good care of yourself. Take care!
* take charge of ; He will take charge of the office next month.
* take the liberty of ; I took the liberty of reading this letter, even though it was addressed to you.
* take advantage of ; Don't take advantage of her innocence.
* take by surprise ; He took me by surprise. * Take it easy! * I'll take this. Give me this(x)
3. MAKE : '무'에서 '유'를 만드는 것
1) make + noun
* make money / a contract / a reservation / coffee / a bed / a fire(불지피다) : take fire(불붙다) / a hit / a name / a noise / an offer / a promise / a purchase / a request / a speech / a call / an apology / a choice / an effort / an excuse / an experiment / a fortune / a mistake / an attempt / peace / progress(headway)
2) idiom
* We'll have to make do with this car for another year. * You should make the best of this chance. * He made little(much,nothing) of my complaints. * Make sure to turn off the T.V. before you go out. * She was putting on her make-up when I entered the room. / The story isn't true. You made it up. / We tried to make up for lost time. * He makes believe that he is poor, but he is rich.
* I can't make out the meaning. * She scarcely earns enough money to make (both) ends meet.
* Don't make fun of me. * Make yourself feel at home.
4. GIVE : 무엇이든지 외부로 나가는 것
* The branch gave, but did not break. * The floor is giving under the weight of the piano.
1) give + noun
* give a smile / a (deep) sigh / a hug / a kiss / a cry / a hand / a ride(lift) / a cold (to)(감기를 옮기 다) You've given me your cold. / a glance at / a blow / one's opinion / information / one's word (약속하다) / a party / a talk(강연하다) / a lecture(강의하다)
2) give + noun + to
* give an ear to(듣다) / voice to(발언하다) / thought to(생각해보다) / way to(양보하다) / birth to(낳다) / pause to(멈추다) / aid to(돕다) / loose rein to(고삐를 늦추다) / weight to(비중을 두다) / expression to(표명하다) * I gave way to his opinion.
3) idiom
* I'll give it a try. * She gave him a piece of her mind. * She gave him a divorce.
* I give up. I'll give up smoking. I gave up alcohol.
5. DO : -하다, - 를 수행하다(do는 일반적인 개념 또는 추상적인 동작표현이며 동작의 일부가 들어 있다. make는 새로이 실제로 제작하는 경우에 더 많이 쓰인다.)
1) do + noun
* do meat / the dishes / the sights(구경하다) / one's hair / a miracle(wonders ; 기적을 낳다) / a room / flowers / one's homework / one's business / the laundry / excerse / a kindness / a favor
2) do + ing(하다)
* do the reading / the cooking / the (book) shopping / the (car) washing / the teaching / the milking / the sewing * I did the book shopping with my friend yesterday.
3) idiom
* That will do. Anything will do. * My son is doing very well at school. You did well to refuse.
* We must do away with (abolish) pollution. * I'm done(through) with her. I'm done with the book.
* Take this medicine, it will do you good. It will do you more harm than good.
* We can't do without Kimchi.
6. HAVE : 자기에게 더하여 자기의 소유가 되는 것
* She is having a baby. * My apartment has four rooms. * She has blue eyes.
1) have + noun
* have a dream / a walk / a talk / a try / a good cry / a headache / a toothache / a cold / a fever (temperature) / a sore throat / a drink / a snack / a good day (time) / a nice trip (weekend) / a date / (the) time * We have no class on Sunday. * We had much snow(fine weather) yesterday. * It looks like we will have rain. * Have a heart, please!
2) have + noun + past participle
* I had my hair cut / wallet(watch) stolen / eyes examined / legs broken / pocket picked / car washed / teeth pulled out / seat reserved / room swept
3) idiom
* She has two daughters / blue eyes / a sweet tooth / a large vocabulary.
* I have no doubt that you will succeed. * I've had it.(끝장났다) * I have no idea.
* May I have your phone number? / name and address / autograph
7. KEEP : have보다 강한 의미(보존, 관리, 유지)를 나타낸다.
1) keep + noun
* keep a shop / a horse / a diary / books(장부를 정리하다) / a house(집, 건물을 관리하다) / house(살 림하다) / a job(This is the way I keep my job.) / a secret / a promise / faith / silence / the peace / a fast / a festival(-를 지키다) / good time * Keep the change.
2) keep + (noun) + adjective : -한 상태를 유지하다
* Keep the fire burning. / the milk cool / hands clean / one's fingers crossed (for someone) / oneself warm / someone busy / quiet
3) keep + noun + adverb, preposition
* You are keeping something back from me.(감추다) * The government wants to keep prices down.
* I earn so little money that I find it difficult to keep body and soul together these days.
* Keep the radio on. * Keep an eye on the patient.
4) idiom
* Don't keep on asking such silly questions. * Keep it to yourself. * Danger! Keep Out!(출입금지!)
* I can't keep up with you. (catch up with : 떨어져 있는 상태에서 따라갈 때) * Let's keep in touch.
* I can't keep pace with your plan. * Those who keep early hours are generally healthy.
8. HOLD : have, keep의 요소를 가진다. 꼭 잡고 놓치지 않으려고 하는 것
1) hold + noun
* hold an opinion / a view / a post(position, appointment) / one's ground / water(논리, 이치에 맞다 : His argument doesn't hold water.) / the line!(Hold on!) / someone
2) hold + adverb,preposition
* hold back(감추다, 억제하다 : The policeman held back the crowd pressing forward to see the movie star.) / in(자제하다 : She was holding in sorrow.) / on : Get a good hold on this rope. / out : He held out his hand to her. We held out against the enemy.
3) idiom
* Don't get so mad. Just hold your horses. * Hold your tongue. You can't talk to me that way.
* Your visa still holds good in this country. * That will hold true in this case.(진실되다, 들어맞다)
9. COME : 접근하여 나타나는 것
* I'll come(go) to your office. * I'm coming. * The plot came to light. * The plan came unstuck.
1) come to + noun : 자동사적 표현(-하다) bring : 타동사적 표현(-를 -하게 하다)
* come to life(살아나다) / an agreement / light / one's senses / ruin(몰락하다) / terms with(타협하다) / an end(a dead end, a deadlock) / a stop / a conclusion / nothing(실패하다 much ; 성공하게, 중요하게되다) / power(정권을 잡다) / pass(<곤란, 위험, 불행한> 상황, 사태가 생기다, 이르다)
2) come + adjective : -가 되다
* come first / last / apart / loose / undone(무효가 되다) / untied / unstuck(혼란된, 망쳐진, 뒤틀린)
3) idiom
* How come(How does it come that = Why) you are in the hospital? * May I come in?
* Someday my dream will come true.
10. GO : 말하는 사람으로부터 떨어져 나가는 것, 정상적인 기능을 발휘하여 계속 진행하는 것
* Come here. go there. * The milk went bad. (sour) * The things went easy.
1) go + adjective : -하게되다
* go broke(bust)(파산하다) / bankrupt / blind / bad / bald(대머리가 되다) / mad(crazy) / unexpected / unnoticed(unheeded) / unchallenged / unpunished / strong / easy
2) idiom
* How are things going? Everything is going well with my business. * Go on, I'm listening.
* Let's go dutch. * The engine in the old car finally went.(망가지다) * Everything went against me. * Short skirts have gone out.(of fashion) (come into fashion : 유행하다) * My sight is going.
* Here or to go? (Here. To go) One hamburger to go. * Your joke went too far.
* I went to law against him.(고소하다) * go to prison / war / sea(고기잡으러 가다) / work
* go + -ing (shopping, hunting, swimming, bowling)
11. RUN : 달리다의 뜻이외에 흐르고 움직이는 동작과 빠르게 움직이는 것
1) idiom
* The news ran like wildfire.(퍼지다,전달되다) * Your nose is running.(흐르다) Blow your nose.
* My money is running low.(바닥나다) * He is running a little fever. * The car ran over her.
* Prices are running high nowadays.(값이 오르다) * The shuttle bus runs daily.(운행되다)
* I run an agency in Chonju.(경영하다) * The movie runs for three hours.(상영되다)
* He ran his car into a post. * I'm running(hanging) around with Sook-hee now.(교제하다)
* I ran across an old friend of mine in the library. * The police is running after a thief.
* You look run down, you should see a doctor.(지치다) My battery is running down.(low)
* He ran for president, but he was unsuccessful. * He ran out of money during the trip.
* I don't want to run the risk of being fired. * Will you run(or, go on) an errand for me?
* The monkey got out of his cage and ran wild in the shopping mall. * Water on the floor ran dry.
* He ran away with her.
12. BE + in, on, at
1) be + in (-한 상태에 있다)
* She is in debts. / trouble / hot water / errors / tears / the right / the wrong / shape / order / office / power / the limelight / the way(방해하다) / the bag / bed / sleep / hospital / school / college / army / luck * The player is still in. * Is the fire still in? The fire is out. * Short skirts will be in again this winter. * He is in good(bad) condition. / humor / mood * He is in his late thirties.
* I'm in a hurry now. Missing in Action.(M.I.A.)
2) be + on
* He is on his feet. / his knees / his face / back / side / hands and knees(= all fours) / duty / patrol / leave / vacation / parole / a diet / an errand / T.V. / a program / the road
* They are on sale. (cf. The house is for sale.) * The program will be on the air sooner or later.
* I'm on good terms with her nowadays. * The bill is on the house. * You should be on time.
* He is on the right(better, bright, green, sunny ; -살이 되지않은, wrong, other, shady ; -살이 넘은) side of fourty. * Our love is on the rocks.
3) be + at
* He is at work. / play / prayer / experiment(종사의 개념) * Our plan is at risk. (= a crisis, stake) (cf. at any risk : 어떠한 위험이 있더라도) / a turning point / a dead end(= a deadlock) / one's wits' end / a loss for words * I'm at home with her. * I'm at odds with my boss.
* The book is at hand. * The train robbers are still at large. |