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방송내용
1부
WEEKEND SPECIAL: IDIOMS REVIEW
- under the weather
- make a scene
- come in handy
- take it with a pinch/grain of salt
- by the skin fof your teeth
2부
WEEKEND SPECIAL: NEWS COVERAGE REVIEW
What Goes Up a Tree Must Evolve the Ability to Climb Down
Millions of years ago, a simian ancestor of humanity decided to climb a tree. It may have been looking for a meal, escaping a predator or seeking a shady place to rest. Later, like anyone who has ascended high into a forest’s canopy, our relative discovered that getting down in one piece is less simple than it seems.
[Expression]
What Goes Up a Tree Must Evolve the Ability to Climb Down: 나무를 올라간 개체는 내려올 능력을 개발해야 한다
※What goes up must come down((속담)올라가는 것은 반드시 내려와야 한다, 오르막이 있으면 내리막도 있다)
▶simian = 원숭이 같은, 원숭이의, 유인원의
canopy: 숲의 우거진 윗부분 (‘덮개’, ‘차양’의 뜻도 있음)
▶in one piece = 안전하게, (다치거나 상한 데 없이) 멀쩡하게
ex) Thankfully they survived the car crash in one piece.
Although that ancestral primate must have solved the problem, scientists have a lot of work to do in understanding how what went up first managed to come down, and how it relates to the evolution of our species.
“Everyone focuses on climbing up, because that’s a difficult thing to do. Any human can relate to this, like climbing up a fireman’s pole, for example, is challenging,” said Nathaniel Dominy, an evolutionary biologist at Dartmouth. “No one bothered to study climbing down, because gravity doesn’t care whether you’re climbing up or down.”
[Expression]
▶primate = [práimeit] 영장류
※primate: [práimət] (영국 국교회의) 대주교, (가톨릭의) 수석대주교
▶relate to (something/somebody) = ~을 이해하다[~에 공감하다]
ex) Most of us can relate to the heartache of losing a family member.
In a study published Wednesday in the journal Royal Society Open Science, Dominy and colleagues found that apes and our ancient human ancestors probably developed flexible shoulder and elbow joints to counteract the effects of gravity on their larger bodies, a sort of braking system to finely control their descent from trees. The researchers posit that this adaptation persisted even as early humans swapped out trees for grassland habitats, their versatile upper limbs now making it possible to forage, hunt and defend.
The finding may shed light on the incremental steps in evolution that led to human ancestors walking upright, freeing hands for crafting and carrying tools.
[Expression]
counteract: 거스르다[방해하다], 대응하다, 중화하다
posit: 사실로 가정하다, ~라고 단정하다 (원래 뜻은 ‘두다’, ‘설치하다’)
▶swapped out trees for grassland habitats = 나무에서 내려와 초원[땅]에서 살아가다
- swap out ~ (for ...): ~를 ...로 교환하다[바꾸다] (To exchange (something) for (something else))
▶versatile = 다재다능한, 다용도[다목적]의
ex) Jeans are so versatile, you can dress them up or down.
upper limb: 팔과 손 부분 (↔ lower limb (다리와 발 부분))
forage: 식량을 구하다, 먹이를 찾아 돌아다니다
▶shed light on = ~을 비추다, 밝히다, 해명하다
ex) The discovery is shedding light on how ancient Egyptians built the pyramids.
incremental: 증가의, 점진적으로 증가하는
This freer range of motion matched what scientists already know about the anatomical variations between chimpanzees and mangabeys, something the researchers double-checked by looking at skeletal samples. Apes, DeSilva explained, have shoulder joints shaped roughly like a ball and socket, compared to the more pear-shaped joints in monkeys. Additionally, elbow joints in apes open more widely. Together, these things allow a greater range of motion.
[Expression]
▶double-check = 다시 한번 확인하다, 재확인하다
ex) Always remember to double check your work before turning it in.
▶ball-and-socket joint = 구상관절, 구관절(엉덩이 뼈 관절처럼 공 모양의 한 쪽 부분이 오목한 면에 들어가 회전하는 식으로 된 관절) (a bony joint, such as the hip joint, in which a rounded head fits into a rounded cavity, allowing a wide range of movement)
Susan Larson, a professor of anatomical sciences at Stony Brook University in New York, who was not involved in the study, likened the new findings to a missing puzzle piece scientists have sought tirelessly, offering critical insight into the hominid evolution from trees to land.
“Climbing up and down trees is very important if you’re going to escape predators and exploit resources,” Larson said. “I think it does give us a way of thinking about why early humans would retain these features for a long time, until they sort of abandoned trees and became bipedal hunters.”
[Expression]
hominid: 인류, 인류의 조상(원인原人)
▶bipedal = [ |baɪ|pedl ] (형)두 발로 걷는, 두 발 동물의 ((형/명)biped)
※quadrupedal: [ kwɑdrú:pədl ] (형)네 발을 가진, 네 발 동물의 ((형/명)quadruped)
Rolling Stones Unveil ‘Hackney Diamonds’ in a Trendy London District
On Wednesday, Jagger, 80; Keith Richards, 79; and Ronnie Wood, 76 — the band’s three current members — promoted their new album, “Hackney Diamonds,” in somewhat more sedate fashion: with a livestream on YouTube hosted by Jimmy Fallon.
Named after old British slang for the shards of glass that are left after a break-in, “Hackney Diamonds” will be released Oct. 20.
[Expression]
▶in somewhat more sedate fashion = (예전 60년대 젊은 시절의 시끌벅적한 행사 때에 비하면) 다소 수수해진 방식으로
▶shard = (유리·금속 등의) 조각[파편]
break-in: (불법) 침입
Richards, wearing a hat and shades, said that playing live is a “holy grail” but that recording albums is “where the guys can get together and pass around ideas without any interference.”
“When it works, it’s great,” he said.
Jagger, wearing a patterned jacket, said he didn’t “want to be bigheaded, but we wouldn’t have put this album out if we hadn’t really liked it.” He then added that he hoped the group’s fans would love it too. “I’ll drink to that,” Wood said, raising a glass.
[Expression]
shades: 선글라스
▶playing live is a “holy grail” = 라이브 공연(투어)이 (우리) 목표다
- (holy) grail: 강력하게 바라는 목표 (something eagerly sought or quested for) (원래 뜻은 '성배(聖杯, 그리스도가 최후의 만찬에서 썼다고 전해지는 술잔)'이며, 여기서 파생해 '아무리 애를 써도 찾을[이룰] 수 없는 것'이라는 뜻도 있음)
ex) Playing at Wrigley Field in Chicago is a holy grail for many baseball players.
▶bigheaded = 자부심[자만심]이 강한, 콧대가 높은
ex) He has been so bigheaded since getting the promotion.
▶I’ll drink to that = (상대에 동의하여) 그렇다, 동감이요, 찬성이다 (원래는 ‘그 말에 건배하겠다’는 뜻) (uttered to express one's agreement with or approval of a statement)
ex) A: This is the greatest party ever! B: I’ll drink to that!
Richards said the band was obviously different without Watts. “He’s No. 4; he’s missing; he’s up there. Of course he’s missed incredibly.” He said that Watts had recommended the band’s new drummer, Steve Jordan, and that moving on “would have been a lot harder without Charlie’s blessing.”
Jagger joked about the long delay before this album, saying that the band — known for its extensive tours — had been a bit “lazy” and that the group needed a deadline. They forced themselves to hit the studio in December, he said. “We cut 23 tracks very quickly and finished them off in January, and mixed them in February.”
[Expression]
he’s up there: 그는 (죽어서) 하늘나라에 있다
▶blessing = 승인, 허락, 찬성 (approval that allows or helps you to do something)
ex) He asked his girlfriend’s father for his blessing before the proposal.
known for its extensive tours: 공연 투어를 오랫동안 하는 걸로 유명한
hit the studio: 녹음 스튜디오에 들어가다 → 녹음 작업을 시작하다
▶cut = 음반 등을 녹음[제작]하다 (to record (a song, album, etc.))
mix: 믹싱(음악 녹음 시, 개별 녹음이 된 각 트랙들을 하나로 합치는 과정)하다
Last month, the Stones teased the album via an advertisement for a fake glass repair company, called Hackney Diamonds, that appeared in a London newspaper. The ad’s text referred to several of the band’s well-known songs: “Our friendly team promises you satisfaction. When you say gimme shelter we’ll fix your shattered windows.”
Philip Norman, who wrote “The Stones,” a major biography of the group, said in an interview that the release event was far from the band’s raucous 1960s and ’70s image but still managed to give its members an air of being “tearaways” by being held in London’s trendiest district. That was “typical Stones fakery,” Norman said, because the band had no previous association with Hackney.
[Expression]
▶gimme = ‘give me’ 의 줄임 표현
※그 외: lemme(let me), wanna(want to), gonna(going to), kinda(kind of), dunno(don’t know), outta(out of), i’ma/imma(I’m going to)
Our friendly team promises you satisfaction. When you say gimme shelter we’ll fix your shattered windows: 친절한 우리 팀이 만족을 보장합니다. 쉴 곳을 달라고 요청하시면 저희가 여러분의 깨진 창문을 수리해드리겠습니다. (“Satisfaction”, “Gimme Shelter”, “Shattered” 등, 롤링 스톤즈의 노래 제목들을 이용해서 앨범 홍보용으로 만든 가짜 유리 수리 회사 광고 문구)
raucous: 요란하고 거친, 시끌벅적한
▶give its members an air of being “tearaways” = 멤버들에게 과거의 ‘악동’ 느낌을 어느 정도 부여해[되살려]준다
- tearaway: [ |teərəweɪ ] 난폭한 불량소년, 불량배
The livestream generated interest online (at points 53,000 people watched live), but there was less hype on Hackney’s streets Wednesday. Before the unannounced event, a few dozen fans waited outside the theater to catch a glimpse of the band walking the red carpet.
Sam Poullain, 42, a marketing director, said that two months after he watched a school play on the Empire’s stage, he was back to see “the original rock ’n’ roll band.”
The enthusiasm was not unanimous. As the huddle to see the band grew, three schoolgirls walking past asked what was happening. Told it was the Rolling Stones, Anya Morrison, 16, said, “I’ve heard of them, I think.” Then she got on a bus home.
[Expression]
▶there was less hype = (행사 현장에서는) 온라인 만큼의 열광이나 법석은 없었다
▶unanimous = 만장[전원]일치의, 모두의 의견이 같은
ex) - The proposal requires unanimous approval.
- The jury reached a unanimous verdict.
▶huddle = 옹기종기 모여 서 있는 군중
* 본 텍스트는 NYT와의 계약에 따라 별도의 편집 없이 그대로 게시되었으며, 해당 기사의 최종 발행 버전과 다를 수 있습니다.
* 본 방송은 보이는 라디오와 유튜브 라이브는 서비스되지 않습니다.
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