TOTS 1A Mooring Equipment and Operations
1 As what height whould the eyes of the emergency towing wires (fire wires) be positioned? ; They should be run out and maintained at the waterline or about two metres above it
2 During a vessel's stay on a SPM berth, it is required to continuously monitor the ship's mooring ; True
3 During ship-to-ship operations, vessels use fenders. What is the purpose of the "primary fenders"? ; These are large fenders, which float between the ships, and are made to absorb the impact of two ships approaching during berthing and later when sailing together
4 How could you define "squat"? ; The increase in the ship's draught of the point of your ship that is closest to the bottom
5 How often should the mooring winch brake on tankers be tested? ; At least 12 months or after each change of brake band lining
6 If you are sailing in shallow water with 20% UKC (Under Keel Clearance), what will be your ship's stopping distance? ; Longer than normal
7 If your vessel is turning in shallow water with 20% UKC (Under Keel Clearance), what will be the diameter of the turn when compared with deep water? ; The turn will be wider than a normal deep water turn
8 What important design feature should be met for the construction of the aft ETA(Emergency Towing Arrangement) system? ; The aft ETA should pre-rigged and capable of being deployed in a controlled manner in controlled conditions in not more than 15 minutes by one person
9 What important design feature should be met for the construction of the foward ETA(Emergency Towing Arrangement) system? ; The forward ETA should be capable of being deployed in harbour condition in not more than one hour
10 What is an advantage of split-type mooring drums? ; All three answers. There is a smaller chance that mooring rope will be "jammed" on the storage part of reel. The use of the split drum uses the winch braking capacity to its maximum. The mooring wires are not "crushed" under load
11 What is it important to avoid during berthing operations? ; The mooring rope fouling around the turning propeller
12 What is it important discuss during the pre-berthing briefing between the Master and the ship's officers? ; The specific berthing operation for the forthcoming berthing, the use of tugs and the position of the mooring ropes / wires to be used
13 What is the definition of "make fast"? ; To secure the rope
14 What is the first task of the Officer in Charge of the mooring station upon arrival at the station? ; To check the communication with the wheel-house / the Master
15 What is the MBL of mooring ropes or wires? ; Minimum Breaking Load
16 What is the principal purpose of the emergency towing wires (fire wires) on tankers? ; To be used if there is a fire on board or at the terminal and the ship needs to be pulled off the terminal
17 What is the recommended procedure for securing synthetic rope on a pair of bitts? ; To make an initial full turn around the outboard bitt and then secure the rope by using a figure eight on both bitts
18 What is the recommended procedure if your vessel is equipped with "self-stowing automatic tension" winches and your vessel is moored alongside the loading jetty with fixed loading arms? ; All mooring ropes should be left secured by the manual mooring brakes and all winches should be left out of gear
19 What moorings should be avoided if leading in the same direction? ; Mixed mooring ropes of various quality and strength
20 What safe practices should be enforced during mooring operations? ; All three answers. The use of Personal Protective Equipment. The familiarisation of new personnel with mooring equipment (e.g. winches, brakes, SWL of bitts). The mooring station should always be manned with a sufficient number of trained and skilled Officers in Charge and crew
21 What ships are required to be fitted with the aft ETA (Emergency Towing Arrangement) system? ; Tankers over 20,000 tonnes DWT
22 What signals should be displayed by ships engaged in ship-to-ship operations while approaching one another? ; Signals for vessels restricted in their ability to monoeuvre
23 When nylon mooring tails are used in combination with mooring wire, what SWL should they have? ; 37.5% more SWL than mooring wire
24 When synthetic (other than nylon) mooring tails are used in combination with mooring wire, what SWL should they have? ; 25% more SWL than mooring wire
25 When will a vessel need the assistance of Tugs? ; When it reduces speed, is no longer under total self-control and does not have sufficient sea room to manoeuvre safely without external assistance
26 Who is responsible for selecting the number of tugs to be used during mooring operations? ; The Master
27 Why are the non-friction type of mooring tail shackles important to use between mooring wires and tails? ; Because they are the safest connection between the mooring wire and the soft (i.e. nylon) mooring tail and they extend the lifetime of the mooring eyes on the wires and tails
28 Why is the Master-to-Pilot exchange of imformation procedure important for the safety of the berthing or unberthing operation? ; Because it is confirmation that the plan for berthing between the Pilot and Master has been discussed and agreed
29 Why should the mooring rope(or wire) not be kept on winch brakes with an additional engaged winch gear? ; It could cause damage to the winch, drum shaft and wire
30 You are on a 300,000 tonne DWT ULCC and the terminal is asking if your vessel is provided with SPM mooring according to OCIMF requirements. What is the requirement for fittings that should be complied with? ; Two tongue-type chain stoppers of 200 tons SWL for a 76 mm chain and separate closed fairleads of at least 450 x 600 mm in size
31 You are turning your vessel in a narrow channel by using two tugs of the same bollard pull (same size tugs). The wind is strong and of variable foce. Where you should position the tugs and how should you use them? ; Make them fast to the vessel and use them for pushing
32 Your mooring winches are fitted with a brake-holding capacity of 60 tonnes. What size mooring ropes should you request? ; 100 tonnes SWL
33 Your ULCC-sized vessel is anchoring in deep water anchorage. Who should be in charge of anchoring operations on the forecastle? ; An experienced licensed ship officer
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