상품DB/베트남 의료용 유리제 소형용기 시장동향(2014.4)/유리로 만든 카보이(carboy)ㆍ병ㆍ플라스크ㆍ단지ㆍ항아리ㆍ약병ㆍ앰플과 그 밖에 이와 유사한 용기(물

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제목	베트남 의료용 유리제 소형용기 시장동향(2014.4)
게시일	2016-03-15	국가	베트남	작성자	김주선(하노이무역관)
품목	유리로 만든 카보이(carboy)ㆍ병ㆍ플라스크ㆍ단지ㆍ항아리ㆍ약병ㆍ앰플과 그 밖에 이와 유사한 용기(물품의 수송용ㆍ포장용으로 한정한다), 유리로 만든 보존병, 유리로 만든 마개ㆍ뚜껑과 그 밖의 마개류
품목코드	7010 그 외 3건
작성일자: 2014.4.23 작성자: 하노이 무역관 유선아(monolah13@kotra.or.kr) 1. Healthcare Industry in Vietnam □ Health Care System Overview  ○ Vietnam health status has been improved remarkably better than other developing countries with similar or even higher per capita incomes, reflected in some basic health indicators such as average life expectancy, child mortality, maternal mortality and malnutrition. Figure 1: Vietnam indicators  ○ The health care administration in Viet Nam is organized in a three-level system (see Figure 1a and b). The tertiary level is the Ministry of Health (MoH) – the main national authority in the health sector – which formulates and executes health policy and programs in the country. At provincial level are 63 provincial health bureaus which follow MoH policies but are in fact organic parts of the provincial local governments under the Provincial People’s Committees (PPCs). The primary level – or basic health network – includes district health centers, commune health stations and village health workers. Figure 2: Structure of the health care system in Vietnam  ○ Over the period 2006-2011, Gross National Income (GNI) in Vietnam increased from $700 to $1260 per capita. According to the WHO/UNICEF-Joint Reporting Form (JRF) Database, government expenditures on routine immunization increased from 2006-2009 and declined in 2010. On average, the Vietnamese government spent $8 per infant on routine immunization. In 2012, the government spent $11.4 million on routine immunization, a $5 million increase from reported expenditures for 2006. □ Healthcare Industry Development Trend  ○ According to “Five-year Health Sector Development Plan 2011-2015” released by MOH dated in December 2010, Government & MOH oriented to develop the health care system towards equity, efficiency and development, improving quality of care, meeting the growing and diverse needs for health care of the people, etc. The basic targets can be referred to this following table. Basic health targets during 2011-2015              Source: MOH  ○ In fact, rising drug consumption, (The total expenses paid by Vietnamese on healthcare services in 2013 rose to $12 billion from $6.55 billion in 2008, according to StoxPlus.) and government Rising drug consumption and government investment make Vietnam an attractive pharmaceutical market. Drug consumption in per capita terms is expected to increase by 70.0% in 2014. Local drug production met around half of the nation’s needs in 2010. The government has announced that improving the domestic pharmaceutical industry is the health sector’s highest priority over the next few years, in order to meet 70.0% of the nation’s drug demand by 2015.  ○ According to the latest report of BMI, Vietnam’s pharmaceutical market was valued at US$2.84bn in 2012, an 18.2% year on year increase. Over the forecast period to 2017, BMI expects pharmaceutical consumption to reach US$6.24bn, equating to a compound annual growth rate of 16.1%.   - Prescription Drug: The market figures for prescription and non-prescription sector are blurred by a lack of any proper distinction between two. Only medicines that cause dependency are refused sale without a prescription. Antibiotics are the most popular drug sold without it   - Generic Drug: Although the overall generic drug market is sizeable standing at around US$1.44bn, most products were actually low-quality copies of unproven bioequivalence.   - OTC Medicine: OTC healthcare has been achieving relatively robust value growth in the last few year, likely to reach US$2.35bn   - Patented Drug: Value development of this market will be hampered by the government’s plan to contain pharmaceutical costs through restrictions on advertising and the request that hospitals and medical professionals give preference to domestically produced drugs.  ○ Towards pharmaceutical companies, 30% of some 1,000 pharmaceutical firms operating in Vietnam are foreign-funded. Several mutational pharmaceutical companies entered Vietnam’s market by way of a joint vender. Sanofi-Aventis Vietnam was formed by local company Central Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Enterprise and Sanofi-Synthelabo of France. Medical Export-Import Company (Vietnam) and Rhone-Poulence created Vinaspecia, while German Stada and MST Trading Pharmaceutical work together as Stada Vietnam, etc.  ○ About local industry, according to Thanh Nien News, Vinapharm was the leader in terms of pharmaceutical sales in 2008 and still maintains its position. Another major player is Hau Giang Joint Stock Company, the largest publicly traded drug maker that in 2011 began constructing a new drug manufacturing plant at a cost of US$24mn. Some other large companies include Traphaco Pharmaceutical, Vietnam OPV Pharmaceutical Co, Ampharco, etc □ Vietnam Health Establishments  ○ In general, the number of health establishment is increased year on year. However, it should be noted that the main number increased accounts for private sector. Private hospitals in Vietnam are still modest and concentrated mainly in major cities like Ha Noi, Da Nang and HCM City. The private hospitals that are functioning are also modest establishments, for the most part. In 2011, private hospitals accounted for just three per cent of the total number of hospital beds in the country. Of 1184 hospitals, just 135 were privately owned. Private hospitals treated just 4.2 percent and 5.1 per cent of the total number of inpatients and outpatients recorded in 2011. Table 2: Number of health establishment             Source: Statistic Yearbook of Vietnam (2012)  ○ Although Vietnam has obtained considerate achievements in improving people’s health care as reflected in the above statistics, difficulties and challenges are still ahead. For example, hygienic standards are low and hospitals are overcrowded and frequently lack medicines and basic supplies. Among them, the most serious issue is hospital overloading, especially at provincial and central level hospitals in big cities. There are now increasingly private hospitals of high quality facilities and service, however, the fee is only affordable for high-income level patients. □ Vietnam Medical Insurance System  ○ Despite the concern over financial sustainability, the government enacted the Law on Health Insurance in 2008, and it became effective in 2009, aiming to achieve universal health insurance coverage by 2014. Under the provision of the Law, children under 6 years old and the near poor became a compulsory group. In addition, students and pupils, who used to be in the voluntary group, were included by January 2010. Additionally, farmers, workers in the sectors of agriculture, forestry, fishery, and salt producers are targeted to be included by January 2012. These inclusions however, are expected to further increase the burden on finances. Also, as will be discussed later in more detail, the benefit packages remain broad and undefined.  ○ Since 1992, the insurance coverage rate has increased significantly. In 1993, only 5.4% was covered, and by 2010, the figure had grown to 59.64%. Furthermore, the coverage rate is expected to grow even further after 2011.  ○ When looking at the breakdown of the insured population, it becomes apparent that even compulsory groups are not fully covered. Employees of private enterprises have allowed enrolment rate despite the existence of the Law on Enterprise. According to the law, the companies are responsible for registering employees contracted for more than 3 months in social security. Nonetheless, nearly 50% of enterprises fail to provide the health insurance to their workers. This is due to weak enforcement measures, collusion between employees and employers in reporting monthly salary and buying health insurance, and lack of knowledge on health insurance and its benefits (Liberman and Wag staff 2009, Ha 2011).  ○ Additionally, while the most vulnerable people are mostly covered such as the poor and recipients of social allowance, about 20% (1,920,000) of children under 6 years old remain uninsured even though their enrolment costs are fully paid by the state budget. Also, the coverage rate for the near poor is only 11.38% even though he insured are eligible for at least 50% of subsidies.4 additionally; the coverage for the unemployed remains zero. Hence, there are still many vulnerable people left without health insurance.  ○ State-owned and private commercial health insurance companies operate a number of commercial health insurance schemes without adequate regulation. There are about 11 domestic and foreign commercial life insurance companies operating in Viet Nam, providing different commercial health insurance schemes. Their total private insurance revenue in market in 2013 was estimated at over 47 trillion VND, an increase of approximately 14.13% as compared with 2012; including sales of non-life insurance premium is estimated at nearly 24.5 trillion VND, an increase of about 7%; premium life insurance is estimated at over 22.6 billion VND, an increase of approximately 23.1%. The top four insurers in 2013 were Bao Viet (Viet Nam Insurance), PVI (Petro Viet Nam Insurance), Bao Minh and PJICO. These schemes target the better-off population, many of them in the informal sector. The estimated number of schoolchildren and students enrolled in commercial health insurance schemes in recent years is about 10 million (i.e. 50% of this group). Anecdotal evidence reveals that, because of the lack of regulation of commercial health insurance in Viet Nam, schoolchildren often pay double – once for social health insurance (SHI) and again for private health insurance (PHI). This is because teachers encourage their students to continue paying PHI premiums, as the teachers wish to continue receiving commission from PHI companies.        Source: Ministry of Finance 2014  ○ Commercial health insurance schemes are not supplementary or complementary, so that schoolchildren may pay twice - their contribution to VSS and a private health insurance premium - but cannot receive more or additional benefits. Millions of school children and their parents buy commercial health insurance each year without information about benefit packages that are often very limited. It is impossible to obtain information about specific commercial health insurance schemes on the Internet.  ○ The lack of regulation results in additional financial burden for households, who pay without getting respective benefits, and thus in additional profits for commercial companies. Some commercial health insurance companies target only schoolchildren for their business, as these are the healthiest population group and their health expenditure is minimal. No commercial health insurance company in VietNam is interested in providing health insurance schemes for the elderly or for households in rural areas. This “cream skimming” has a fragmenting effect and contributes to undermining the national pooling and thus the solidarity basis of the social health insurance system.                         Unit: Million VND 2. Immunization in Vietnam □ Basic Vaccine List  ○ Vietnamese Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) began in 1981. Since then, The EPI in Viet Nam has seen tremendous growth in coverage and has achieved in excess of 90% full immunization for children less than one year of age. All vaccines in EPI are free of charge. Vaccination models being used in Vietnam are Routine immunization, Periodical immunization and Mobile immunization. Below is the list of vaccines used in Vietnam’s EPI. Table 4: Vaccine List – Vietnamese Expanded Program on Immunization             Source: Circular 26/2011/TT-BYT dated on 24/06/2011  ○ Besides, there is growing demand in Vietnam for vaccines administered outside the free national immunization system using a fee-for-service model. However, it is not yet fully tracked by Ministry of Health (MOH). □ Vaccine Distribution  ○ Towards EPI, according to the assignment of MOH, National EPI is responsible for making plan on management, organizing and monitoring activities in national, regional, provincial, and district and commune lever. As stated by National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE), at commune level, Commune Health Centers (CHCs) appearing in 95% out of 10,825 communes. Each month, there are one or two days for routine immunization. The below is the hierarchy of EPI system, as known as the distribution route of vaccines in EPI. Figure 3: Distribution Route of Vaccines in Vietnam’s EPI                     Source: National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE)  ○ In terms of fee-based immunization, PATH together with NIHE and WHO have assessed the vaccine supply chain in big cities namely Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh in April 2011. The reported supply chain is described as following: Figure 2: Structure of Vaccine Supply Chain for Fee-Based Immunization in Vietnam                  Note: Providers include public health hospitals and health centers, preventive medical                           centers (PMCs) and private facilities.                  Source: PATH – Assessment Report of Fee-Based Immunization Supply Chain (2011) 3. Glass Vials and Ampoules Market □ Demand Trend  ○ Vietnam has many advantages in developing glass industry. First, it has a great amount of sand resources thanks to long beach coast. Secondly, glass production requires not big investment and technology – suitable for developing countries. Thirdly, Vietnamese people are skillful and always eager to learn. However, the advantages only create the value added for civil, household, construction glass. Towards medical and technical glass, Vietnam even needs to import material such as neutral glass to produce ampoules and vials.  ○ There are 2 kinds of vials and ampoule in Vietnam   - Drinkable Ampoule: It is easy to produce, very convenient to use, popular to child’s pharmaceutical products, sufficient to contain extract & specialized pharmaceutical ones used in health and beauty care establishment. They are some of reasons for increasing demand for drinkable ampoules in Vietnam However, in about 1 recent years, the stable growth is threatened because of plastic container in similar shape. Plastic containers are lighter, durable, easy to bring and maintain. Otherwise, they are much cheaper than glass ones. Therefore, they are becoming the latest trend in medical package   - Medical ampoules, vials and vaccine glass containers: These products require high technology and processed materials. That is why there are only a few manufacturers in Vietnam although their products’ quality has not yet meet the strict requirements. The reporter has contacted import & export staff of some big pharmaceutical companies such as Vinapharm, Trapharco, Polyvac to ask for the demand for vaccine medical ampoules and vials. Accordingly, the domestic products are estimated to meet around 30% of total demand. The rest depends on import. Currently, they are importing from China for vial aluminum stopper. Other advanced kinds of vials are imported from Asia Countries like Japan, Indonesia and Singapore. They also share that the injection pharmaceutical SMEs are believed to stay with Chinese products. Meanwhile, vaccine manufacturers and R &D centers may have demand for better quality products. However, because of current China’s dominating situation, any new products need to concern about entering price □ Supply Trend  ○ 3.3.1. Foreign Suppliers: the following table presents import and export statistics of the item with HS Code 7010 into Vietnam during 3 years from 2010-2012 Table: List of Supplying markets for a product imported by Vietnam Product: 7010 Carboy, bottle & other container of glass                 Source: International Trade Center Statistics (www.trademap.org)   - Overall, the figure witnesses stable upward trend with increased import value in 2011 and 2012 of 21.9% and 8.6% respectively. It is forecast to continue its increase in some upcoming years although the growth rate may be not that high.   - It is clear that China is the exporting leader to Vietnamese market. Their import value share in Vietnam market in 2010 achieved more than 66%f following its previous two year rate of 57%. In 2012, China’s import value is 8 times higher than second leading country, Indonesia’s value. Its success can be explained by cheap price and still acceptable quality.   - Besides China’s stable growth rate and market share, other exporters (mainly Southeast Asia countries) suffer hard fluctuation in some recent years. Accordingly, Malaysia owning import value of more than US$ 4 mil in 2011 falls sharply to only US$ 799,000. Meanwhile, Thailand and Philippines double their value respectively in 2011 and 2012. It is said that the market of HS Code 7010 is not stable.   - Towards Korea, it ranks no. 10 in the biggest exporting countries in Vietnam with value of around US$ 300,000 ~ US$ 350,000 in a long period from 2005 to 2011. In 2012, it surprisingly increases their export value to US$ 1,419,000, reaching the position of No. 5 and covering nearly 3.8% of import value share. However, it should be noted about the instability of this market to forecast in upcoming years.  ○ 3.3.2. Local Suppliers: as mentioned above, there are two main kinds of medical glass containers   - Drinkable Ampoule: Normally, these products are used to contain liquid pharmaceutical products. In terms of production, they do not require high technology, advanced labor and big capital. Almost all glass companies can create them. Therefore, several companies, mainly small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam participate in manufacturing and supplying drinkable ampoules to pharmaceutical manufacturers. Amongst that, there is no outstanding or leading supplier. Each has its own partners and maintains their capacity. Generally, it can be said that, the production capacity can fulfill nearly 100% of market demand.   - Vaccine & antibiotics vials/ ampoules: This type of medical glass requires very strict quality control. Instead of normal glass, it requires neutral glass material to protect the quality of vaccines and antibiotics from any rays. Towards this kind, Vietnamese suppliers appears so few and weak. For many years, there are still only 3 companies working in this field namely: Hung Phu Medical Glass Joint Stock Company, Van Quang Private Enterprise and Thai Binh Glass Joint Stock Company. Even that, the companies need to import neutral glass input material from foreign countries to manufacture. □ Import Tariff  ○ Normally, the glass vials and ampoules will be imported with HS Code in group 7010, which has the following import tax regulation.        Note: MFN: Most Favored Nations (Korea belongs to this group of nations)                 ATIGA: ASEAN Trade In Goods Agreement                 AKFTA: ASEAN-Korea Free Trade Area                 ACFTA: ASEAN – China Trade Area                 VAT: Value Added Tax                 (*) Between two different preferred tariffs, the lower one would be applied        Source: Book on Export – Import Tariff 2014 (Ministry of Finance)