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1. After all: ① 결국(마침내)
①=at last
=at length
=last of all
=eventually
=in the end
=in the result
=in conclusion
=in due time
=in the long run
=ultimately
=finally
He said he would not come in, but he came in after all.
(그는 안 들어간다고 말했지만, 결국은 들어갔다.)
② =in spite of
=despite
=with all
=for all
=regardless of
=without regard to
=irrespective of
=none the less
=nevertheless
=notwithstanding
=in the face of
=in the teeth of
In spite of his illness, he came to see me at the station.
(그는 아픈데도 불구하고 역으로 나를 마중 나왔다.)
=of all others
=first of all
=in the first place
=to begin with
=to start with
=before anything else
=more than anything else
=for one thing =especially
They want, above all (things), to live in peace.
(그들은 무엇보다 평화롭게 살고 싶어한다.)
=suddenly
=all of a sudden
=unexpectedly
=on a sudden
All at once the sky became dark and it started to rain.
(갑자기 하늘이 어두워지고 비가 내리기 시작했다.)
=in any case(way)
=at any rate
=at all costs
=whatever happens
=any how
=somehow
At all events we must carry out the plan.
(어쨌든 그 계획을 실행하지 않으면 안된다.)
5. Apply oneself to: ~에 전념하다, ~에 몰두하다.
=devote(give) oneself to
=be given to
=lose oneself in =be absorbed in
=concentrate on
=have(keep) one's mind on
=apply one's mind to =give all one's energy to
You will always apply yourself to your study.
(너는 항상 학문에 전념하겠지.)
6. Anything but: 결코 ~ 아닌, ~ 외에는 무엇이든
=never
=not ~ at all
=not ~ in the least
=not ~ for the world
=not ~ whatever
=not ~ a bit
=in no case
=in no way
=for no reason
=on no account
=on no terms
=by no means
=far from
=under no circumstances
He is anything but a musician.
(그는 절대로 음악가라고 할 수 없다.)
cf. nothing but=only
She did nothing but cry.
(그녀는 울고만 있었다.)
7. As for: ~에 대하여 말하면, ~에 관해서는
=as to
=as respects
=as concerns
=as regards
=regarding
=respecting
=concerning
=in regard to
=in regard to
=in reference to
=in respect to
=in relation to
=in connection with
=speaking of
=for one's part
=when it comes to
=so (as) far as+주어+goes
=so(as) far as+goes=be concerned.
As for me, I like winter much better.
(나로서는 겨울을 훨씬 더 좋아한다.)
=and so on
=and the like
=and things
=and all that
=and what not
=etc.
She painted and embroidered _ flowers, and so forth in a pretty and endearing way.
(그녀는 꽃 등을 아름답고 매력적으로 그리거나 수를 놓거나 했다.)
9. As good as: ~와 같은(거의), (사실상) ~과 같은
= as but
= no better than
= no less than
= the same thing as
= on the lines of
= nearly
= almost
= practically
This camera is as good as new.
(이 카메라는 새 것이나 다름없다.)
10. At a loss: 어쩔 줄을 몰라서, 당황하여, 어리벙벙하여
= at sea
= at fault
= at the crossroad
= at one's wit's end
= in a flurry
= confused
= upset
= perplexed
= baffled
= bewildered
= embarrassed
I was at a loss for an answer.
(나는 대답할 바를 몰랐다.)
~에 좌우되어, ~의 처분대로(= in the power of)
= wholly in the power of
= under the control of
The small boat drifted at the mercy of the waves.
(그 작은 배는 물결치는 대로 떠다녔다.)
= near
= close by
= handy
I always keep a camera at hand.
(나는 항상 카메라를 곁에 두고 있다.)
= not less than
= in the minimum
= to say the least of it
It will cost at least five hundred dollars.
(그것은 적어도 500달러는 들 것이다.)
= immediately
= instantly
= directly
= in less than no time
= simultaneously
= at the same time
= at a time
Begin your work at once.
(일을 곧 시작해라.)
cf. It at once pleases and disappoints us.
(그것은 우리를 기쁘게 해주기도 하고 실망시키기도 한다.)
= directly
= personally
= in person
I have got the news at first hand.
(직접 본인에게서 들었다.)
16. Attend to: ~에 주의하다, 돌보다, 열심히 하다, ~에 종사하다.
= pay(give) attention to
= pay(give) heed to
= care about
= watch for
= be attentive to
= be watchful about
= be cautious of
= take care of
= take notice of
= keep one's mind on
Attend to what your teacher says.
(선생님의 말씀을 주의해서 들어라.)
cf. attend on= wait on= serve
She attended on her sick baby.
(그녀는 앓고 있는 아기를 돌보았다.)
17. Attribute A to B: A를 B의 탓으로 돌리다.
= ascribe A to B
= impute A to B
He attributed his success to good luck.
(그는 자기의 성공을 행운의 탓으로 돌렸다.)
= take advantage of
= make use of
= put to use
= come into use
= turn to account
= be under favor of
= make the most of
= use
= utilize
= exploit
You had better avail yourself of this opportunity.
(이 기회를 이용하는 편이 좋다.)
19. Be badly off: 궁색하다(= be poor)
<->Be well off: 유복하다(= be rich)
He is badly off for money.
(그는 돈이 궁색하다.)
My family has been badly off since my father was killed in an accident.
(나의 가족은 아버지가 사고로 돌아가신 이래 생활이 어려워졌다.)
Only the well-off can live there.
(부유한 사람들만 거기서 살 수 있다.)
= be used to
= be good at
= be skillful in
= be versed in
= be experienced in
= be familiar with
= be acquainted with
I am not accustomed to making a speech in public.
(나는 사람들 앞에서 연설하는 것에는 익숙해져 있지 않다.)
= be likely to
= be liable to
= be subject to
= be inclined to
= tend to
= have a tendency to
This kind of shoe is apt to slip on the wet ground.
(이런 신발은 비에 젖은 땅에서 미끄러지기 쉽다.)
22. Because of: ~ 때문에, ~한 까닭으로
= on account of
= owing to
= due to
= by reason of
= in consequence of
= on the ground of
= as a result of
= for
Because of the noise, I couldn't make out what they were saying.
(소음 때문에 그들이 무슨 말을 하는지 알 수 없었다.)
= be worried about
= be uneasy about
= be concerned about
= be careful for
= worry oneself about
= care about
She is anxious about his safety.
(그녀는 그의 안전을 걱정하고 있다.)
24. Be bound to: 틀림없이 ~하다, ~하지 않을 수 없다, 꼭 ~하다
= be certain to
= be constrained to
= be obliged to
= be forced to
= be impelled to
= be compelled to
You are bound to keep your promise.
(약속은 반드시 지켜야 한다.)
cf. be bound for: ~ 행이다
The train is bound for Seoul.
(그 열차는 서울행이다.)
25. Be anxious to+ 동사: ~을 갈망하다
= be anxious for
= be eager for
= be keen for
= be dying for
= be zealous for
= long for
= yearn for
= have a mind to+ 동사
= feel inclined to+ 동사
= look forward to+ 명사
He was anxious to leave as soon as possible.
(그는 되도록이면 빨리 떠나고 싶어했다.)
cf. All of us are anxious for peace.
(우리는 모두 평화를 갈망하고 있다.)
26. Be die to+ 명사: ~에 기인하는, ~의 탓으로 돌려야 할
Be due to+ 동사: ~할 예정이다.
Due to: ~ 때문에(= owing to)
The failure is due to his ignorance.
(그 실패는 그의 무지의 탓이다.)
I am due to graduate in march.
(나는 3월에 졸업할 예정이다.)
Due to his intemperance, he lost his health.
(무절제 때문에 그는 건강을 해쳤다.)
27. Be equal to+ 명사: ~을 감당할 능력이 있다
= be able to+ 동사
= be competent to+ 동사
= be capable of+ (ing)
He is equal to the work.
(그는 그 일을 충분히 할 수 있다.)
28. Be about to: 방금 ~하려고 한다, ~하려는 참이다.
=be going to =be ready to
=be on the point of (~ing)
We were just about to leave when you phoned.
(네가 전화를 했을 때 우리는 막 떠나려는 참이었다.)
=approve of
=agree to(with)
=assent to
=consent to
=give one's assent to
I am for the plan, but he is against it.
(나는 그 안에 찬성이지만 그는 반대다.)
30. Bear ~ in mind: ~을 명심하다, 기억하다.
=keep ~ in mind(memory)
=learn ~ by heart
=know ~ by heart
=take ~ to heart
=remember
=memorize
Bear what I say in mind.
(내가 말하는 것을 명심하라.)
31. Bring about: 일으키다, 발생시키다.
=cause to happen
=give rise to
=cause
=rise
=breed
Overeating brought about his stomachache.
(과식으로 그는 복통을 일으켰다.)
32. Break out: 발생하다, 일어나다, 생기다.
=occur suddenly
=happen suddenly
=come about
=come to pass
=take place
The war broke out in 1945.
(전쟁은 1945년에 터졌다.)
33. Break up: 해산시키다, 끝나다, (학교가) 방학되다.
=disperse
=disband
=dismiss
=dissolve
=scatter
They broke up into small groups.
(그들은 작은 그룹으로 해산했다.(나뉘었다))
34. Be willing to: 기꺼이 ~하다, 자진해서 ~하는
=be ready to
=be inclined to
=have(take) pleasure in (ding)
He is always willing to help others.
(그는 언제나 기꺼이 남을 돕는다.)
35. Be turns: 교대로, 번갈아, 차례 차례로
=in rotation
=one after the other
=alternately
We drove the car by turns.
(우리는 교대로 차를 운전했다.)
36. By means of ~: ~에 의하여, ~의 덕택으로, ~을 써서
=with the help of
=by dint of
=by virtue of
=under the favor of
=because of
We learn a lot of things by means of books.
(우리는 책으로 많은 것을 배운다.)
=reproach
=reprimand
=scold
=chide
=rebuke
=reprove
=give one a scolding
=take ~ to task
The boss called us down for lateness.
(사장은 우리가 지각한 것을 꾸짖었다.)
38. Care for: ① 좋아하다(=like) (부정문, 의문문)
② 돌보다(=take care of=look after), 시중들다
③ care to동사(=desire, hope)
① Do you care for coffee?
(커피를 좋아하세요. [드시겠어요?])
② I'll care for his education.
(그의 학자금은 내가 대어주지.)
③ Would you care to go for a walk?
(산책하실 마음은 없으신지요?)
=accomplish
=execute
=perform
=complete
=perfect
=carry ~ into practice
These orders must be carried out at once.
(이 명령은 곧 실행되어야 한다.)
40. Call for: ~을 요구하다, ~을 필요로 하다
=demand
=require
=request
=claim
Your plan will call for a lot of money.
(너의 계획을 실천하는 데는 많은 돈이 필요하겠지.)
41. Come across: 우연히 만나다, 우연히 발견하다, 이해되다
=run across
=drop across
=meet with
=meet by chance
=happen to meet
=chance to meet
=hit upon
=fall in with
=meet ~ by chance
=meet ~ by accident
I came across an old friend yesterday.
(어제 우연히 옛 친구를 만났다.)
① =exist in
=lie in
Happiness consists in contentment.
(행복은 만족을 하는데 있다.)
42. ② Consist of: ~으로 구성되어 있다.
② =be composed of
=be made up of
=comprise
A baseball team consists of nine players.
(야구 한 팀은 9명의 선수로 구성된다.)
42. ③ Consist with: 양립하다, 일치하다
③ =coincide with
=answer to
=be in accordance with
=correspond to
Health does not consist with intemperance.
(건강과 무절제는 양립하지 않는다.)
43. Count on: ~을 믿다, ~을 의존하다, ~을 기대하다
=depend on
=rely on
=rest on
=fall back on
=be dependent on
=have recourse to
=resort to
=take to
=look to
I count on you to help me.
(저를 도와주시리라 믿고 있습니다.)
=be accountable for
=be to blame for
=take charge of
=be responsible for
=be in charge of
=take responsibility for
=have management of
She does not need to answer for her action.
(그녀는 자기 행동에 책임을 지지 않아도 된다.)
=as a whole
=at large
=by and large
=in general
=on the whole
=in the main
=more often than not
=generally
=usually
As a rule we have much rain in July in Korea.
(일반적으로 한국에는 7월에 비가 많다.)
46. Account for: 설명하다(=explain), ~의 증명이 되다.
=make plain
=explain
=illustrate
=describe
Account for every dollar you spent.
(돈을 어디에 썼는지 상세히 설명하여라.)
according to+구: ~에 의하면, ~에 따라서
You will be paid according as your work.
(일하는데 따라 급료가 지불됩니다.)
You have to do the work according to the plan.
(당신은 그 계획에 따라 일을 해야 한다.)
: ~에 동의하다, ~에 적합하다. (음식, 기후, 일)
agree to+사물: ~에 동의하다.
I agree with you that he is wrong.
(그가 잘못이라는 점에서 너와 동감이다.)
This weather does not agree with me.
(이 기후는 내게 맞지 않다.)
We agree to his proposal.
(우리는 그의 제안에 동의한다.)
49. Abide by: (약속, 결의 따위를) 지키다, 따르다, ~을 지지하다.
The players must abide by the umpire's decision.
(선수들은 심판의 결정에 따라야 한다.)
He may abide by us.
(그는 우리를 지지해 줄지도 모른다.)
50. Deal in(=do business): 장사하다, 팔다.
Deal with(=treat): 다루다, 취급하다, ~과 거래하다, ~과 교제하다
He deals in rice.
(그는 쌀을 판다.)
Some movies deal with important problems.
(어떤 영화들은 중대한 문제들을 다루고 있다.
51. Deprive A of B: A로 부터 B를 빼앗다.
=rob A of B
=plunder A of B
=relieve A of B
=divest A of B
=steal B from A
=snatch B from a
=take away B from A
The hot sun deprived the flowers of water.
(뜨거운 태양이 꽃으로부터 수분을 앗아 갔다.)
52. Distinguish A from B: A와 B를 구별하다, 분간하다.
=distinguish between A and B
=tell A from B
=discriminate A from B
=know A from B
=discriminate between A and B
=discern A from B
Some people cannot distinguish one color from another.
(색을 분간하지 못하는 사람도 있다.)
53. Do away with: ~을 제거하다, 폐지하다
=make away with
=become free of
=get free from
=escape from
=be(get) rid of
=remove
=abolish
=eliminate
=exclude
=discard
We should do away with bad customs.
(나쁜 풍습은 없애야 한다.)
54. Do well to+동사: ~하는 게 좋다, ~하는 것이 당연하다.
=had better+동사
=would rather+동사
=may as well+동사
You would do well to say noting about what happened.
(무슨 일이 일어났는지 말하지 않는 편이 좋을 것이다.)
He did well to be angry.
(그가 화를 내는 것은 당연했다.)
:곰곰이 생각하다, 숙고하다, ~에 대하여 상세하게(장황하게) 말하다.
=brood over
=ponder on
=think over
=consider carefully
=deliberate
The subject is too unpleasant to dwell on.
(그 이야기는 불쾌해서 자세히 말하고 싶지 않다.)
They dwell on old wrongs.
(그들은 옛날에 저지른 잘못을 자꾸 생각한다.)
56. Do without: ~없이 지내다.
= be without
= go without
= manage without
= dispense with
I can do without this book till Monday.
(나는 월요일까지 이 책 없이 지낼 수 있다.)
57. Draw on: ~에 의지하다, 접근하다, (장갑 등을) 끼다.
= depend on
= go near to
= draw near
= get next to
= approach
We can draw on the company for expenses.
(경비는 회사에 의지할 수 있다.)
58. Be engaged in: ~에 종사하다, ~에 착수하다.
= be occupied in
= be busy with
= take part in
= take service with
= employ oneself in
I am engaged in writing an article.
(논문을 집필 중입니다.)
59. End in: 결국 ~이 되다, ~으로 끝나다.
= result in
= go towards
= lead to
= have ~ as a result
His project ended in [as a] failure.
(그의 계획은 실패로 끝났다.)
60. (Every) now and then: 때때로, 가끔
= at times
= at moments
= at whiles
= at intervals
= between times
= on occasion(= occasionally)
= now and again
= off and on
= from time to time
= sometimes
She writes to her son every now and then.
(그녀는 때때로 아들에게 편지를 쓴다.)
61. Exert oneself: 노력하다, 진력하다
= make an effort(s)
= take pains
= endeavor
= strive
He exerted himself to improve education.
(그는 교육의 개선을 위해 노력했다.)
: ~을 공격하다, (책임․일등이) ~에게 떨어지다, (날이 ~에) 해당하다.
= attack
= assail
= assault
= charge at
= make for
= hit out at
The responsibility falls upon us all.
(책임은 우리 모두에게 떨어진다.)
The coming New year's Day falls on Thursday.
(오는 설날은 목요일이다.)
63. Fall short (of): 미달하다, 부족하다.
= be short (of)
= be not enough
= be insufficient
= be deficient
= be in want (of)
= be in need (of)
= be lacking (in)
= be wanting (in)
Our income may well fall short of our needs.
(우리의 수입이 필요를 충족시키지 못하는 것은 당연하다.)
64. Figure out: ~을 이해하다, ~을 계산하여 합계를 내다.
= make out
= get at
= understand
= grasp
= comprehend
= appreciate
It's so hard to figure out what he's talking about.
(그가 무엇을 이야기하고 있는지 이해하기가 몹시 어렵다.)
65. ① Familiar with+ 사물 : 잘 아는 (능동)
① = having a good knowledge
He is familiar with English.
(그는 영어에 익숙하다.)
: 잘 알려져 있는 (수동) 친한, 정통한, 익숙한, 흔한
② = well known to
English is familiar to him.
(영어는 그에게 익숙하다.)
66. For all I know: 아마, ~지도 모르다.
= perhaps
= probably
= possibly
= maybe
= presumably
= ten to one
= in all likelihood
He may be dead for all I know.
(그는 아마 죽을 지도 모른다.)
67. For all the world: 어떤 일이 있어도, 꼭
=on any account
=on all accounts
=by all means
=by any means
=at all costs
=depend upon it
=for certain
=without fail
=certainly
He looks for all the world like his brother.
(그는 어느 모로 보나 형을 곡 닮았다.)
=for instance
=by way of illustration
=so to speak
=as it were
Many great men have risen from poverty _ Lincoln and Edison, for example.
(많은 위인들이 가난을 딛고 성공했다. -예를 들면, 링컨과 에디슨 같이.)
: ~을 비난하다, ~에게 잔소리하다, ~의 흠을 잡다
=speak ill of
=blame
=abuse
=criticize
=reproach
=denounce
=slander
She is always ready to find fault with other people.
(그녀는 언제나 남의 흠을 잡으려고 벼르고 있다.
70. For fear (that) ~ should
: ~하지 않도록, ~하는 것을 두려워하여, ~을 피하려고
=let ~ should
=(in order) that ~ may not
-(so) that ~ may not
=in case(접속사) ~ should
=in order not to+동사
=for fear of ~ing
The fishing fleets stayed close to the coasts for fear that they should meet enemy submarines.
(어선단은 적의 잠수함들과 맞닥뜨리지 않으려고 해안 가까이에 머물렀다.)
① =in vain
=uselessly
He spent much money for nothing.
(그는 헛되이 많은 돈을 썼다.)
71. For nothing : ② 이유없이
② =without reason
=without case
It was not for nothing that he read Plato.
(그는 플라톤을 아무 이유없이 읽은 것은 아니었다.)
71. For nothing : ③ 공짜로
③ =without payment
=free of charge
I got this book for nothing.
(나는 이 책을 거저 얻었다.)
= considering one's age
= contrast to one's age
He looks young for his age.
(그는 나이치고는 젊게 보인다.)
73. ① For the purpose of + 명사 : ~을 위하여
① = for the sake of
= for the good of
= for the benefit of
= in the interest of
= in the cause of
= in behalf of
= in favor of
= in support of
① He saved money for the sake of his family.
(그는 그의 가족을 위하여 돈을 저축했다.)
73. ② For the purpose of + ~ing : ~할 목적으로
② = with a view to
= with the intention of
= with the aim of
= with the object of
= (so) that ~ may
= (in order) that ~ may
= so as to+ 동사
= in order to+ 동사
② He went to Italy for the purpose of studying music.
= He went to Italy so that he might study music.
= He went to Italy so as to study music.
(그는 음악 공부를 할 목적으로 이태리에 갔다.)
= for goodness' sake
= for mercy's sake
= for heaven's sake
= excuse me
= please
For God's sake, do it.
(제발 그것을 해주시오.)
75. Furnish A with B : A에게 B를 제공하다.
= furnish B to A (A= 사람, B= 사물)
= supply A with B
= provide A with B
= endow A with B
= present A with B
= bestow B on A
This school furnishes the children with textbooks.
(= This school furnishes textbooks to the children.)
(이 학교에서는 아동들에게 교과서를 공급해 준다.)
=run away
=make off
=take to one's heels
=take to flight
=flee
=escape
He tried to get away but couldn't.
(그는 달아나려고 했으나 불가능했다.)
77. Get in touch with: ~와 접촉하다, ~과 연락하다
=come in touch with
=come in contact with
=contact with
=communicate with
I'll get in touch with you this evening by phone.
(오늘 밤에 전화로 연락할께.)
cf. bring ~ into contact with ~: ~와 접촉하게 하다
78. ① Get on +in the world: 출세하다
①=succeed in life
=be successful in life
=rise in the world
=gain(win) distinction
=be promoted
=make one's name
=make one's way in the world
Study harder, or you can't get on.
(더 열심히 공부하시오. 그렇지 않으면 출세할 수 없어.)
78. ② Get on +with: ~와 사이좋게 지내다
② =live in a friendly way with
=be on good terms with
=be friendly with
=keep friends with
=keep company with
=be on friendly terms with
He got on well with his neighbors.
(그는 이웃 사람들과 사이좋게 지냈다.)
=keep on
=hold on
=carry on
=continue
=last
The festival went on for a week.
(축제는 1주일간 계속되었다.)
①=recover from
=be restored to health
=regain
It took me a long time to get over my cold.
(감기가 좀처럼 낫지 않았다.)
80. get over : ② 극복하다
② =overcome
=surmount
=conquer
Sooner or later you'll get over the shock.
(조만간에 너는 그 충격을 극복하게 될 것이다.)
81. get (be) tired of: ~에 싫증나다
=be sick of
=be bored with
=become weary of
=lose interest in
He got tired of listening to pop music.
(그는 팝뮤직을 듣는데 싫증이 났다.)
①=give way (to)
=yield (to)
=surrender (to)
=submit (to)
He easily gave in to this temptation.
(그는 쉽게 이 유혹에 넘어가 버렸다.)
② =hand in
=give up
=submit
=present
Give in your report.
(리포트를 제출하시오.)
=abandon
=renounce
=surrender
=give over
=lay down
We gave up the plan.
(우리는 그 계획을 포기했다.)
①=retreat
=move backward
=draw back
Don't give way before a scoundrel like that.
(그 따위 무뢰한에게는 한 치도 물러서지 말라.)
84. give way ; ② 무너지다
② =break down
=fall to pieces
=be destroyed
=crumble
=collapse
The bridge gave way under the heavy load.
(다리는 하중으로 무너졌다.)
=undergo
=experience
The bill did not go through.
(그 법안은 통과되지 않았다.)
①=explode
=detonate
=blast
=blow up
The bomb went off by accident.
(폭탄이 폭발했다.)
② =leave suddenly
=start (from) suddenly
=depart (from) suddenly
=set out suddenly
Jones has gone off with a friend's wife.
(존은 친구의 아내와 함께 갑자기 도망가버렸다.)
①=repeat
=reiterate
We will go over your homework again.
(숙제를 한번 더 해봅시다.)
② =examine
=investigate
=inquire into
=look over
=search into
=see into
Go over the accounts and see if they are correct.
(계산서를 조사해서 맞는지 어떤지를 확인해라.)
88. hand down: 유산으로 남기다, ~을 후세에 전하다 (~ to)
=bequeath
=inherit
=leave ~ behind
This cross has been handed down to us from our ancestors.
(이 십자가는 조상으로부터 우리에게 전해진 것이다.)
89. have intercourse with: ~과 교제하다
=associate with
=keep company with
=mix with
I have intercourse with foreign friends yesterday.
(나는 어제 외국인 친구와 교제를 가졌다.)
=give over
=make over
=transfer
He handed over the rifle to the police.
(그는 라이플총을 경찰에 넘겼다.)
91. have nothing to do but to+동사: ~하지 않을 수 없다
=have no choice but to+동사
=nothing remains but to+동사
=There is nothing for it but to+동사
=cannot help ~ing
=cannot avoid ~ing
=cannot keep from ~ing
=cannot abstain from ~ing
=cannot refrain from ~ing
=cannot choose but+동사
=cannot but+동사
=be bound to+동사
=be forced to+동사
=compelled to+동사
=be impelled to+동사
=be obliged to+동사
=be constrained to+동사
I had nothing to do but to go to school.
(나는 학교에 가지 않을 수 없었다.)
92. have nothing to do with: ~와 관계가 없다
=have no dealings with
=be not concerned with
=have no connection with
=have no relation with
=have no reference
He has nothing to do that firm.
(그는 그 회사와는 아무 관계도 없다.)
93. hold good: 유효하다, 적용하다(= apply)
= remain in force
= remain in effect
= remain valid
= remain effective
= be available
= be efficacious
= take effect
This agreement still holds good.
(그 약속은 아직 유효하다.)
The rule holds good in all cases.
그 법칙은 모든 경우에 적용된다.
94. hold up: 지지하다, 편들다, 가로막다, 저지하다
= stand by
= stand (up) for
= stand in with
= side with
= take part with
= support
His car was held up by the police.
(그의 차는 경찰에게 제지당했다.)
95. ill at ease: 불안한
= uncomfortable
= uneasy
= insecure
He seemed ill at ease with the presence of the girl.
(그는 그 아가씨 앞에서 안절부절 못하는 것같이 보였다.)
96. in addition to: ~ 뿐만 아니라, 부가하여, 게다가
= as well as
= besides
In addition, people are afraid that there may be another war.
(게다가 사람들은 또 다른 전쟁이 일어나지 않을까 걱정한다.)
= in short
= to be brief
= to sum up
= to summarize
= to speak briefly
= to make a long story short
In a word, he is a fine gentleman.
(한 마디로 말해서 그는 훌륭한 신사다.)
= in the event of
= on the occasion of
In case of danger, push this button.
(위급한 경우에는 이 단추를 누르세요.)
99.in course of: ~하는 과정에, ~하는 동안에
= in process of
= during
= under
He realized his failure in the course of conversation.
(그는 대화를 나누는 동안에 자기의 실패를 깨달았다.)
= in reality
= in effect
= in practice (= practically)
= in truth (= truly)
= as a matter of fact
= in point of fact
= really
= actually
In fact, he did not came.
(사실 그는 오지 않았다.)
101. ① in hand: 고려 중의
② on hand: 가지고 있는
① The problem in hand is difficult to solve.
(고려 중인 그 문제는 풀기가 어렵다.)
② We have some new goods on hand.
(우리들은 새 상품을 약간 가지고 있다.)
= all told
= by the gross
= altogether
Our school has forty teachers in all.
(우리 학교에는 선생님이 도합 40명 계십니다.)
= in celebration of
= paying one's respect to
= paying homage
A dinner party was held in honor of him.
(그를 위해 만찬회가 열렸다.)
= in stead of
= on behalf of
= in one's place
Will you go to the meeting in place of me?
(나 대신에 그 모임에 가주시겠습니까?)
105. in the name of: ~의 이름으로, 맹세코,
=with the authority of
=under the cloak of
In the name of friendship, loan me the money!
(돈 좀 꾸어다오, 친구 사이가 아닌가!)
106. in private: 개인적으로, 내밀히, 은밀히
=privately
=not in public
=between ourselves
=between you and me
=secretly
=individually
=personally
I want to speak to you in private.
(은밀히 말씀드리고 싶습니다.)
107. in the presence of: ~의 앞에서
=in front of
=in the face of
=in one's presence
You must take off you hats in the presence of ladies.
(숙녀들이 있는 데서는 모자를 벗어야 한다.)
=in pursuit if
=in chase of
=looking for
=searching for
=pursuing
=seeking
Men sailed far in search of new islands.
(사람들은 새로운 섬을 찾아 멀리 항해를 떠났다.)
=as evidence of
=in proof of
=in testimony of
=in sign of
This is a gift token of my love.
(이것은 내 사랑의 정표로 주는 선물이다.)
110. into the bargain: 덤으로, 그 위에
=besides
=as well
=in addition
His father got badly injured, and his mother suddenly fell ill into the bargain.
(그의 아버지는 크게 다치고, 게다가 그의 어머니는 갑자기 병이 났다.)
① =investigate
=examine
=see into
=search into
The committee inquired into the cause of the accident.
(위원회는 그 사건의 원인을 조사했다.)
111. ② inquire after : 안부를 묻다, 분명하다
② =ask after
=ask about one's health
Roy inquired after his sick friend.
(로이는 앓는 친구를 문병했다.)
③ =ask
=question
I inquired of the man about the result of the race.
(그 사람에게 경기의 결과를 물었다.)
112. in terms of: ~의 견지에서, ~에 의해서
=in view of
=in point of
=in regard of
=in respect of
=from one's viewpoint of
=from the standpoint of
=in the light of
=in the sight of
=considering
He considers everything in terms of money.
(그는 만사를 금전면에서 생각한다.)
: ~에서 멀리하다, ~에 가까이 못 오게(가게) 하다
=keep from
=keep off
=stay off
Keep a child away from the stove.
(아이를 스토브 가까이 못 가게 해라.)
114. keep up with: ~에 뒤떨어지지 않다
=keep pace with
=keep step with
=act in concert
It is rather difficult for an old man to keep up with the time.
(노인네가 시대에 뒤떨어지지 않도록 하는 것은 꽤 어려운 일이다.)
115. know better than to+동사: ~할 만큼 바보는 아니다
=not so foolish as to+동사
=too wise to+동사
=wise enough not to+동사
=so wise that ~ cannot+동사
He knows better than to do such a thing.
=He is not so foolish as to do such a thing.
(그는 그러한 일을 할 만큼 어리석지는 않다.)
= lay by
= lay up
= set aside
= make a fortune
= save for future needs
= store up
He laid aside 50,000 won every month.
(그는 매달 5만원씩 저금했다.)
= omit
= abbreviate
= abridge
He left out a word. (그는 한마디 빠뜨렸다.)
① = spend money
= invest in
We must lay out our money carefully.
(우리들은 조심성 있게 돈을 써야 한다.)
② = make plans
= project
= scheme
= design
He laid out a garden. (그는 정원을 설계했다.)
= not to mention
= to say nothing of
= not to speak of
I don't speak French, let alone Russian.
(러시아어는 말할 것도 없고 프랑스어도 말할 줄 모른다.)
120. let go of: 해방하다, 풀어주다, ~을 놓다
= set ~ free
= liberate
= release
= emancipate
When I let go of the ball, it rolled down the hill.
(내가 공을 놓자, 그 공은 언덕 아래로 굴러갔다.)
= reveal
= leak
He let on (that) he was sick (그는 아픈 체 했다.)
= take care of
= seek after
= care for
He needs someone to look after him.
(그는 그를 돌봐줄 사람이 필요하다.)
: 겨우 ~에 불과한, ~과 거의 같은 정도로 적게(적은)
= no more than
= nothing more than
= nothing but
= none but
= only
= merely
He has little more money than Ted.
(테드와 마찬가지로 그에게도 돈을 별로 없다.)
= reflect upon
= call to mind
= view in retrospect
= recollect
= recall
Most students look back on those days with fond memories.
(대부분의 학생들은 좋은 추억과 함께 그 시절을 회상한다.)
125. look down(up) on: 멸시하다, 깔보다
= make light of
= hold ~ in contempt
= have a contempt for
= slight
= disregard
When she married the boss, she looked down on the office girls she had worked with.
(그녀는 사장과 결혼하자 같이 일했던 여사무원들을 깔보았다.)
= pay respect to
= have respect for
= esteem
= honor
= respect
They all look up to him as their leader.
(그들 모두가 그를 지도자로 우러러보고 있다.)
= be (= become) disappointed
= be (= become) discouraged
= be in despair
Tony tried again and again in vain, so he lost heart.
(Tony는 여러 번 시도했으나 헛되어서 낙담했다.)
128. make amends for: 보상하다, 벌충하다
= make good
= make up for
= compensate for
= atone for
= give ~ compensation
Work hard to make amends for lost time.
(낭비한 시간을 벌충하기 위해 열심히 공부하라.)
129. make both ends meet: 수지 균형을 맞추다
= live within one's income
= pay one's own way
I found it hard to make both ends meet.
(수지 균형을 맞춘다는 것이 힘들다는 사실을 알았다.)
= make a fool of
= make fun of
= make sport of
= poke fun at
= play jokes on
= ridicule
= scoff
= deride
He sometimes made an ass of his boss.
(그는 때때로 자기 상사를 바보로 취급했다.)
= proceed
= advance
= progress
= march
= go forward
= move on
He made his way through the dark forest.
(그는 어두운 숲을 지나서 앞으로 나아갔다.)
132. make no difference: 중요하지 않다.
= matter little
= be of no importance
= be unimportant
= be trivial
= be trifling
= be meaningless
= be of little importance
= be of no account
= be of no moment
= be of little consequence
It makes no difference whether you go or not.
(네가 가든 가지 않든 그건 별로 중요하지 않다.)
: ~을 위하여 자리를 비우다, ~에게 자리를 양보하다
= create space for
= accommodate
= give one's seat to
= make place for
Would you make room for my grandmother?
(나의 할머니에게 자리를 좀 양보해 주실 수 있겠습니까?)
① = be reconciled
= make peace
= come to terms
= settle with
We always make up again after a quarrel.
(우리는 싸움 뒤에는 언제나 다시 화해한다.)
② = fabricate
= forge
= invent to deceive
The whole story is made up.
(그 모든 이야기는 조작되었다.)
③ = make one's toilet
= make up one's face
Nowadays, girls make up in their early teens.
(요즘 여자들은 10대 초반부터 화장을 한다.)
= determine
= decide
= resolve
= conclude
= agree upon
= make a decision
= make a resolution
Columbus made up his mind to get a ship.
(콜럼버스는 배를 한 척 구하기로 결심했다.)
136. make sense: 이치에 닿다, 뜻이 통하다
= be sensible
= be reasonable
= stand to reason
Can you make sense of this passage?
(이 구절의 의미가 이해가 가요?)
= ascertain
= confirm
= affirm
The guest should make sure that his visit will be convenient.
(손님은 그의 방문이 무방한지를 확인해야 한다.)
138. ․may well+동사: ~하는 것도 당연하다.
= have good reason to+동사
= It is natural that ~ should
= It is no wonder that ~ should
She may well get on in her new job.
(그녀가 새로 택한 직업에서 성공하는 것은 당연하다.)
139. ․more often than not: 빈번히, 자주
= as often as not
= very frequently
As a child I used to fall ill, more often than not.
(어린 시절에 나는 자주 병이 나곤 했다.)
140. ․more or less: 다소, 어느 정도, 대강
= in a measure
= in fashion
= in a way
= in some (a certain) degree
= to some (a certain) extent
= somewhat
= about
= approximately
The more or less loud noises come from the street.
(거리에서 다소 시끄러운 소리가 난다.)
= second to none
= the best
= the highest
= the finest
= supreme
= maximum
In golf he is next to none.
(골프에서는 그보다 더 잘하는 사람은 없다.)
142. ․no sooner ~ than: ~하자 마자
= scarcely ~ when (=before)
= hardy ~ when (=before)
= as soon as
= the moment
= the instant
= instantly
= directly
= immediately
No sooner had the idea occurred to him than he was sure of it.
(=As soon as the idea occurred to him, he was sure of it.)
(착상이 떠오르자마자 그는 확신이 섰다.)
143. ․occur to: (머리에) 갑자기 떠오르다
= strike one's mind
= come across one's mind
= hit upon
A fresh idea occurred to Newton.
(참신한 생각이 뉴튼에게 떠올랐다.)
145. of one's own accord : 자발적으로, 저절로
=by one's own wish
=of itself
=spontaneously
=voluntarily
=on one's own initiative
He would never have done it of his own accord.
(그는 절대로 자진해서 그것을 하지는 않았을 것이다.)
146. on purpose: 일부러, 고의로
=purposely
=intentionally
=deliberately
=by design
He has left the book here on purpose.
(그는 일부러 책을 여기에 두고 갔다.)
=oppose
=be opposed to
=object against
=be against
He objected to our plans.
(그는 우리 계획에 반대했다.)
148. ① out of question: 의심할 바 없는
=of no doubt
=out of doubt
=beyond doubt
=undoubted
=doubtless
=unquestioned
=certain
=sure
=secure
=reliable
=trustworthy
=valid
His success is out of question.
(그가 성공하는 것은 의심이 없다.)
148. ② out of the question: 불가능한
=impossible
=unattainable
=impracticable
We can't start in this weather; it's out of the question.
(날씨가 이러니 출발할 수가 없다. 도저히 불가능한 일이다.)
=old-fashioned
=antiquated
The machine is out of date. (이 기계는 구식이다.)
=modern
=new fashioned
The record is most up to date. (그 기록은 최신의 것이다.)
150. out of place: 제자리에 놓이지 않은, 부적절한
=not in the right place
=unsuitable
=unfit
=inappropriate
=inadequate
I felt out of place among the foreigners.
(나는 외국인들 사이에서 어울리지 않는 것을 느꼈다.)
151. on the other hand: 또 한편, 이와 반대로
=in the other respect
=on the contrary
On the one hand he is kind, but on the other hand he is lazy.
(한편으로는 그는 친절하지만, 다른 한편으로는 게으르다.)
=feeling unwell
=displeased
I am a little out of sorts today. (오늘은 기분이 좀 언짢다.)
153. over and over again: 몇 번이고 거듭
=repeatedly
=over again
He read the letter over and over again.
(그는 그 편지를 몇번이고 되풀이해서 읽었다.)
154. pass over: 너그럽게 보아 넘기다, 봐주다, 간과하다
=look over
=connive at
=overlook
I passed over the preface.
(머리 말을 빼고 읽었다.)
=insist on
=stick to
=adhere to
=hold fast to
If you persist in breaking the law you will go to prison.
(기어이 그 법을 위반하겠다면 너는 감옥에 가게 될 것이다.)
=indicate
=point to(at)
My teacher pointed out my mistakes.
(선생님은 나의 잘못을 지적했다.)
=be accepted as
=be understood as
=go by the name of
He passed for a man of considerable means.
(그는 상당한 재산가로 통하고 있다.)
=imagine
=suppose
=fancy
=conjecture
=speculate
He pictured his wedding to himself.
(그는 자기의 결혼을 상상해보았다.)
: ~이 ~하는 것을 막다, 방해하여 ~ 못하게 하다
= keep ~ from (~ing)
= hinder ~ from (~ing)
= restrain ~ from (~ing)
What prevents children from learning sooner?
(무엇이 어린이들로 하여금 좀 더 일찍 배우지 못하게 하는가?)
= choose
= select
= make choice of
It's easy to pick out the meaning of this story.
(이 이야기는 뜻을 이해하기가 쉽다.)
= prevail upon
= argue (down)
= talk over
= convince of
= persuade
He prevailed upon(on) us to accompany him.
(그는 우리를 설득하여 동행하게 했다.)
= own
= have
= hold
= possess
= be in possession of
He is possessed of a large fortune.
(그는 큰 재산을 소유하고 있다.)
162. ② be possessed with: 마음이 홀리다
= be controlled by
= be obsessed by (with)
He is possessed with a strange superstition.
(그는 이상한 미신에 홀리어 있다.)
163. pride oneself on: ~을 자랑하다
= be proud of
= take pride in
= make a boast of
= show off
= make vain display of
= boast
She prides herself on her skill on cooking.
(그녀는 요리 솜씨를 자랑한다.)
= provide for
= prepare for
= get ready for
It is wise to provide against a rainy day.
(불행한 날을 대비하는 것은 현명하다.)
= collide with(against)
= run against
= bump into
= clash with
= conflict with
The motorcar ran into a bus. (자동차가 버스와 충돌했다.)
166. run out of: 바닥이 나다, ~을 다 써버리다
= run short of
= exhaust the supply of
= be all gone
= be all used up
I have run out of my pocket money.
(나는 용돈을 다 써버렸다.)
= discharge
= exhaust
= emit
= radiate
= release
The sun sends forth light and heat.
(태양은 빛과 열을 방출한다.)
= set in
= set out
= set off
=start(= begin)
You must set about your work at once.
(너의 일을 당장 시작해야 한다.)
= establish
= institute
= found
Let's set up the tent first, and build the fire later.
(우선 텐트를 치고 나서 그 다음에 불을 피우자.)
170. share in: ~을 분담하다, ~에 참여하다
= take a partial charge of
= bear part of
= have a share in
I shared in the project.
(나는 그 계획에 참가했다.)
171. show up: 나타나다, 뛰어나 보이다, 눈에 띄다
= turn up
= come out
= appear
= emerge
The castle showed up against the western sky.
(성은 서쪽 하늘을 배경으로 두드러져 보였다.)
= cause to end
= be (get) through with
= bring ~ to a conclusion
= finish
= complete
= conclude
= settle
You must put an end to this foolish behavior.
(이 어리석은 짓을 그만두지 않으면 안된다.)
173. put out: (불을) 끄다, 안달나게 하다
= extinguish
= blow out(불어서)
She was put out by being kept waiting.
(그녀는 기다리게 되어 안달복달 했다.)
= postpone
= delay
= defer
= adjourn
= protract
The meeting has been put off until next week.
(회의는 다음주까지 연기되었다.)
175. put up at: ~에 숙박하다
= lodge at
= stay(= atop) at
= take up one's lodgings
We shall put up at this hotel.
(우리는 이 호텔에서 머물겠다.)
= be patient with
= endure
= bear
= stand
= tolerate
I had to put up with a great many inconvenience.
(나는 매우 많은 불편을 참지 않으면 안되었다.)
177. remind A of B: A에게 B를 생각나게 하다
= put A in mind of B
= cause A to remember B
= recall A to B
This picture reminds me of my student days.
(이 사진을 보면 나는 학생 시절을 떠올린다.)
178. regard A as B: A를 B로 간주하다
= consider A as B
= look upon a as B
= think of A as B
I regarded him as the best doctor in town.
(나는 그를 마을에서 제일 좋은 의사라고 생각했다.)
= assume control of
= take charge of
= answer for
= undertake
= accept
She took over the business after her husband died.
(남편이 죽자 그녀가 사업을 인계했다.)
= A is like B
= A looks like B
= A is similar to B
= A and B are alike
= A resembles B
Does the baby take after his father?
(갓난아기는 아버지를 닮았는가?)
181. tell on: ~에 영향을 미치다
= have an effect on
= influence
= affect
Age tells on the memory.
(나이는 기억력에 영향을 준다.)
= in other words
= namely
My son was born in 1945, that is (to say), when World War II ended.
(나의 아들은 1945년, 즉 제 2차 세계대전이 끝나던 해에 태어났다.)
= backwards and forwards
= here and there
= hither and thither
= from place to place
The small boat traveled to and fro all day long.
(그 작은 보트는 온종일 왔다갔다 하고 있었다.)
= to the purpose
= relevantly
His reply was to the point.
(그의 대답은 적절했다.)
185. make the best of =최대로 이용하다.
= use in the best way:
186. make the most of : 잘 이용하다
= use well
(invent to deceive) ; 구성하다, 분장하다, 보충하다
= compensate for
= atone for
* You'd better make the best of your lot.
네 운명을 최대한 이용하는 게 좋겠다.
* You must make the most of your time.
네 시간을 잘 이용해야 한다.
* The whole story is made up.
그 이야기는 전부 날조된 것이다.
* Are all animal bodies made up of cells?
모든 동물의 몸은 세포로 구성되어 있는가?
* It takes him more than an hour to make up for the part of Othello.
* Our losses have to be made up with more loans.
우리 손실은 더 많은 대부금으로 보충해야 한다.
* I had to work hard to make up for lost time.
허비한 시간을 메우기 위해서 나는 열심히 공부해야만 했다.
189. manage to : 가까스로 ~하다, 용케도 ~하다.
= contrive to
= be of little importance
191. more often than not : 흔히, 자주
= as often as not
= very frequently
= not any longer
= be sure to
* He managed to get what he wanted.
그는 자기가 원하는 것을 가까스로 구했다.
* It matters little to me what you do or where you go.
네가 무얼 하든, 어디로 가든 나에겐 상관 없다. (별로 중요하지 않다.)
* During the storms, the trains are late more often than not.
폭풍우가 불 때에는 기차가 종종 늦는다.
* He is no longer living here.
그는 이제 여기에 살지 않는다.
* He never fails to write to his mother every week.
그는 매주 잊지 않고 어머니에게 편지를 한다.
194. not to mention: ~은 말할 것도 없이
= not to speak of
= to say nothing of
= let alone
195. not the less: 그럼에도 불구하고, 여전히
= nevertheless
* He can speak French, not to mention English.
그는 영어는 말할 것도 없이 불어도 말할 줄 안다.
* He has fault is a but I like him none the less).
그는 결점이 있으나, 나는 여전히 그를 좋아한다.
= be careful
197. look to A for B : A에게서 B를 바라다, 기대하다
= depend upon A for B
199. look on (또는 upon): A를 B로 간주하다, 여기다
=think of A as B
=regard A as B
◉ I am looking forward to your visiting here soon.
당신이 곧 이곳을 방문해 주실 것을 고대하고 있습니다.
(이때 to는 전치사이므로 to-명사 또는 동명사의 형태임)
◉ Look out for pickpockets.
소매치기를 조심하시오.
200. make a fortune : 큰 돈을 모으다
= earn great wealth
201. make both ends meet: 수지 균형을 맞추다
=live within one's income
= pretend
= hasten
= hurry up
*She says that he has made a fortune.
그녀는 그가 큰 돈을 벌었다고 말하고 있다.
*He had much trouble to make both ends meet.
그는 수지 균형을 맞추는데 큰 어려움이 있었다. 즉 그는 살아가기가 매우 어려웠다의 뜻임.
*They made believe that they were Indians.
그들은 인디언 놀이를 했다.
*Make haste! = Hurry!: 서둘러라
204. make for : ~으로 향해 가다 (go towards),
공격하다 (attack)
205. make no difference: 중요하지 않다.
= be unimportant
= memorize
* I cannot learn such a long sentence by heart.
그렇게 긴 문장을 암기 할 수가 없다.
= omit
* Don't leave me out, please.
제발 나를 빼지 말아 주십시오.
= to say nothing of
= not to speak of
= not to mention
* He can't speak English let alone French.
그는 불어는 말할 것도 없이 영어도 못한다.
= reveal
* He didn't let on the secret.
그는 그 비밀을 누설하지 않았다.
= release
* Don't let go of the rope.
밧줄을 놓지 말라.
lessen = slacken: 누그러지다
* I have been working ten hours without a let up.
나는 잠시도 쉬지 않고 10시간이나 일을 계속하고 있다.
* Will the rain never let up?
비가 멎지 않으려나?
212. be liable to : ~하기 쉽다, ~하는 경향이 있다.
= be apt to
= be likely to
= be prone to
* We are all liable to make mistakes occasionally.
우리 모두는 가끔 잘못을 범하기 쉽다.
213. be liable for : ~에 대한 책임이 있다
= be responsible for
= be accountable for
* He is liable for his wife's debts.
그는 아내의 빚을 갚을 의무가 있다.
* The pilot of an airliner is responsible for the safety of the passengers.
여객기 조종사는 승객의 안전에 대해 책임이 있다.
214. long for : 열망하다, 갈망하다 (desire, earnestly)
= yearn
* The children are longing for the holidays.
아이들은 휴가를 갈망하고 있다.
215. little by little : 조금씩 조금씩
= gradually
= by degrees
= bit by bit
* She seemed, little by little, to grow calmer.
그녀는 조금씩 침착해지는 것 같았다.
= search for
= be in search of
* Are you still looking for a job?
당신은 아직도 일자리를 찾고 있는가?
= take care of
= watch over
* He needs someone to look after him.
그는 자기를 돌봐줄 사람이 필요하다.
= despise
* They always looked down upon us.
그들은 늘 우리를 멸시했다.
* You must not look down on the poor.
너는 가난한 사람들을 멸시해서는 안된다.
= respect
= revere
* They all look up to him as their leader.
그를 모두는 그를 지도자로서 존경하고 있다.
* I respect your opinions.
나는 자네의 의견을 존중하고 있다.
= anticipate
221. keep in mind, : 명심하다, 기억하다
=bear in mind,
=remember
․ You must keep this fact in mind.
너는 이 사실을 명심해야 한다.
․ Bear my words in mind. 내 말을 명심해라
222. keep in touch with : ~과 접촉을 유지하다
=continue in communication with
․ We have to keep more in touch with world developments.
우리는 좀 더 세계 정세를 알지 않으면 안된다.
223. keep in contact with: ~과 연락을 유지하다
=hinder from approach
․ They made a big fire to keep wild animals off.
그들은 야수들의 접근을 막기 위해서 큰 불을 피웠다.
․Keep your hands off. = Don't touch it.
손대지 말아
=stay out
․ Shut the window and keep the cold out.
창문을 닫아 찬기가 들어오지 않도록 해라.
226. keep from, = ~을 피하다, ~을 삼가다
= abstain from,
= refrain from
․ I couldn't (keep from) laughing.
나는 웃음을 참을 수가 없었다.
․ His doctor told him to (abstain from) beer and wine.
의사는 그에게 술을 삼가하라고 말했다.
227. keep up with,: ~에 따라가다, ~에 뒤지지 않다
= keep pace with,
=keep abreast of (또는 with)
․ We must study hard to keep up with the times.
우리는 시대에 뒤떨어지지 않도록 열심히 공부해야 한다.
․ He walked so fast that I could not keep up with him.
그는 너무나 걸음이 빨라서 나는 그를 따라 갈 수가 없었다.
․ He finds it hard to keep pace with all the developments in nuclear physics.
그는 핵 물리학에 있어서의 모든 발전과 보조를 맞추기가 어렵다는 것을 알고 있다.
․ You should read the newspapers to keep abreast of the times.
시대에 뒤떨어지지 않도록 당신은 신문을 봐야 한다.
228. know A from B, : A와 B를 구별하다
=tell A from B,
=distinguish A (from) B
․ I don't know barley from wheat.
나는 보리와 밀을 구별하지 못한다.
․ Can you tell Tom from his twin brother.
당신은 Tom과 그의 쌍둥이 형을 구별할 수 있는가?
= lay up
= lay by
= put aside
= save
= store
․ You must lay aside money for your old age.
노년기를 위해 돈을 저축해야 한다.
10. later on = afterwards: 나중에, 후에
in advance = beforehand: 미리, 먼저
․ I will see you later on. 나중에 만나자.
․ Send your luggage in advance. 짐을 미리 발송해라.
․ It's unwise to spend your income in advance.
네 수입을 미리 앞 당겨 쓰는 것 (가불해 쓰는 것)은 현명치 못하다.
230. do without ;~없이~하다
= go without
= manage without
= dispense with
We cannot do without air even for an hour.
우리는 잠시도 공기 없이 살 수는 없다.
231. distinguish A from B: A와 B를 구분하다(구별하다)
= distinguish between A and B
= tell A from B, know A from B
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?
톰과 쌍둥이 형을 구별 할 수 있는가?
It is not easy to distinguish cultured pearls from genuine pearls.
양식 진주와 진짜 진주를 구별하는 것은 쉽지 않다.
He cannot know right from wrong.
그는 옳고 그름을 알지 못한다.
= investigate
= examine
inquire after= 안부를 묻다.
=ask about one's health.
inquire of ; 질문하다
= ask
233. into the bargain= 덤으로, 그 위에 또
= besides
= as well
= additionally
․ We must (inquire into) the matter.
우리는 그 일을 규명해야 한다.
․ I (inquired after) his father's health.
나는 그의 부친의 안부를 물었다.
․ He (inquired of) me where I met her.
내가 그녀를 어디서 만났는지를 나에게 물었다.
․ He gave me money and food (into the bargain).
그는 나에게 돈을 주었고 그 위에 또 음식도 주었다.
234. keep an eye on= 지키다, 감시하다
= watch
= guard
235. keep company with= ~와 교제하다, 사귀다.
= associate with
236.carry out ;(타). 성취하다, 완수하다
= accomplish
= perform,
= finish successfully
․ execute ; (타). 수행하다, 달성하다(carry out)
You must carry out (accomplish, execute) your plan successfully.
너의 계획을 성공적으로 수행해야 한다.
237. carry on = 계속하다(continue),
경영하다(manage)
It is difficult to carry on a conversation here.
여기서 대화를 계속하는 것은 어렵다.
= see
= get a glimpse of
<-> lose sight of ~ ; ~이 안보이게 되다, 시야에서 놓치다.
․ If you ever catch sight of him, call the police.
그를 발견하면 경찰을 불러라.
․ I've lost sight of that bird.
그 새를 시야에서 놓쳤다.
․ We must not lose sight of the fact.
그 사실을 간과해서는 안된다.
239. catch up with; ~을 따라가다. 밀린 일을 하다
= overtake,
= come up with
Go on in front, I'll soon catch up with (overtake, come up with) you.
앞서 가라. 곧 뒤따라 갈께. ~을 따라가다. 밀린 일을 하다
= chance upon meet by chance
= find unexpectedly
I came across her yesterday.
어제 우연히 그녀를 만났다.
=get,
=obtain
How did you come by (get, obtain) that book?
어떻게 그 책을 구했느냐?
251. come in contact with ;~과 접촉하다
=come in touch with
A steel cable came into contact with the engine.
강철선이 엔진과 접촉됐다.
We must always come in contact with (come in touch with) new book.
새 책과 항상 접촉해야 한다.
=lies in
consists of ;~으로 구성되다.
=is made up of,
is composed of
Happiness consists in (lies in) contentment.
행복은 만족하는데 있다,
The class consists of (is made up of, is composed of) sixty members.
그 학급은 60명으로 구성되어 있다,
253. Correspond with = 서신 왕래하다
= exchange letters with
․ correspond to ; (~과 동등하다), ~과 일치하다
= be equal to
․ I want to correspond with her.
그녀와 서신 왕래하고 싶다.
․ His expenses do not correspond to his income.
지출과 수입이 안 맞는다.
254. counts for little ; 쓸모가 없다
=be of little importance. .
Knowledge without common senses ( counts for little )
( is of little importance).
상식이 없는 지식은 쓸모가 없다.
255. cut a fine (poor) figure ;훌륭한 (초라한) 모습을 나타내다.
She cut a fine (poor) figure.
그녀는 (훌륭한, 초라한) 모습을 나타냈다.
= buy and sell
= do business
․ deal with = treat: 다루다, 취급하다
․ He deals in furniture (rice). 그는 가구(쌀) 장사를 한다.
․ How would you deal with an armed burglar?
무장 강도를 어떻게 다루겠는가?
․ What is the best way of dealing with young criminals?
소년범을 다루는(선도하는) 가장 좋은 방법은 무엇인가?
257. burst into tears ; 갑자기 울기 시작하다.
= burst out crying
= suddenly began to cry
He burst into tears -그는 갑자기 울기 시작했다.
= through
= with the help of
Thoughts are expressed ( by means of )-words-생각은 말에 의해서 표현된다.
(= through )
(= with the help of )
= gradually
= step by step
Their friendship( by degrees )-grew into love.-그들의 우정은 점차로 사랑으로 변했다.
(= gradually )
(= step by step)
=in rotation
=one after the other
They laughed and cried (by truns, )-그들은 울다 웃다가 했다,
(=in rotation )
(=one after the other)
= becuase of
= by reason of
He passed the exam ( by virtue of )-diligence. 근면 덕분으로 시험에 합격했다
(= becuase of )
(= by reason of.)
=via
He came (by way of)-america.-미국을 경유해서 왔다,
(=via )
*He said so by way of applogy. 사과할 셈으로(사과할 목적으로)그렇게 말했다.
263. call at+장소; ~에 들르다, ~을 방문하다
= visit
= pay a visit to
call on+사람 ; 사람을 방문하다
= visit
◎ I called at his house yesterday. 어제 그의 집을 방문했다.
◎ I am going to call on Mr. Green. 그린씨를 방문할 예정이다.
264. call off ;취소하다, 중지하다
=cancel
The game was (called off) -becuase of the rain. 비가와서 경기가 취소되었다.
(=cancelled)
= ring me up
= give me a ring
= telephone to me
Please call me up ( ring me up )-at six. 6시에 전화 좀 주세요.
(= give me a ring)
(= telephone to me)
= requre
= demand
Your plan will call for ( requre )-a lot of money. 너의 계획은 많은 돈이 들 것이다.
(= demand)
267. care for+명사 ; 좋아하다(like, be found of),
돌보다(look, after)
care to do ; ~하기를 바라다, 좋아하다
= wish to do
= desire to do
Would you care for a drink? 한 잔 하시겠어요?
Do yo care for modern music? 현대 음악을 좋아하는가?
Who will care for the children if their mother dies?
애들 어머니가 죽는다면 누가 그들을 돌 볼 것인가?
I don't care to be seen in his company.
그와 동석하는 것이 싫다.
268. be bound to, ; ~해야 한다, ~할 의무가 있다
=be obliged to,
=be certain to
I (am bound to) visit my grandmother every week. 매주 할머니 댁을 방문해야 한다.
(am obliged to,)
(am certain to)
․ The ship is bound for Finland. 저 배는 핀란드 행이다.
․ be bound to+ 동사 원형은 '~해야 한다'이며,
be bound for+ 명사는 '~행이다'임.
269. be equal to, ; ~을 감당할 능력이 있다.
=have ability for
He ( is equal to ) the task. 그는 그일을 감당할 능력이 있다.
(= has ability for)
270. be good at, ; ~에 정통하다, 잘한다
= have a good hand at
He ( is aood at ) playing the piano. 피아노 치는데 익숙하다
( has a good hand at)
= have a poor hand at
He ( is poor at ) playing the piano. 피아노를 치는데 서투르다.
( has a poor hand at)
272. Keep in mind, ; 명심하다, 기억하다
= Bear in mind,
= Remember
( Keep in mind) that time is money.
시간은 돈이라는 것을 명심해라.
( Bear in mind)
( Remember )
= late
The train was ten minutes (behind time) 기차는 10분 역착했다.
( late )
․ This desk is (behind the times, out of date, old-fashioned 구식의, 시대에 뒤떨어진) 이 책상은 구식이다.
․ behind time과 behind the times와 구별하여 공부하세요.
274. be in charge of, ;~을 책임지다
= be responshible for,
= be accountable for
He (is in charge of) this class. 그는 이 학급을 담당하고 있다.
(is responshible for,)
(is accountable for)
= go away abruptly,
= escape suddenly
The prisoner ( broke away ) from his guards. 죄수는 간수에서 다망쳤다.
( went away abruptly,)
( escaped suddenly )
276. break down ; 무너지다(collapse),
고장나다(become useless),
건강이 나빠지다.
․ Our plans have (broken down). 우리의 계획은 좌절됐다.
․ The car (broke down). 그 차는 고장났다.
․ His health (broke down). 그의 건강은 나빠졌다.
☞ break down이 문장에 따라 여러 가지 뜻으로 쓰이므로. 예문과 함께 공부할 것.
= enter by force
A burglar ( broke into ) my house last night. 엊 저녁에 우리 집에 도둑이 들었다.
( entered by force )
278. break out, ; 갑자기 발생하다, 일어나다
=occur suddenly
A fire ( broke out ) last night. 엇 저녁에 화재가 발생했다.
( occurred suddenly)
; ~에게 ~을 납득시키다. (절실히 느끼게 하다)
= cause 사람 to realize fully
․ The stupidity of his behavior was brought home to him.
그의 행동의 어리석음이 그에게 충분히 납득됐다.
= rear,
= educate,
= forster
She has to ( bring up ) six children. 그녀는 여섯 아이를 길러야만 한다.
( rear,)
( educate,)
( forster )
․ If children are badly brought up, they behave badly.
아이들은 잘못 길러지면, 버릇이 나빠진다.
=near,
= within reach
I always keep the dictionary ( at hand, near )
( within reach )
나는 항상 그 사전을 곁에 두고 있다.
= immediately,
= right now,
= right away,
= in no time
You must go and that ( at once) 너는 가야 한다. 그것도 즉시 가야 한다.
( immediately,)
( right now,)
( right away,)
( in no time )
283. be at home in, ;~에 정통하다
= be well informed in,
= be good at,
= be familiar with
He ( is at home in ) English literature. 그는 영문학에 정통하다
( is well informed in, )
( is good at, )
( is familiar with )
284. be at the mercy of, ;~에 좌우되다
= be wholly in the power of
The ship ( was at the mercy of ) the waves. 배는 파도 치는대로 표류하고 있었다.
( was wholly in the power of )
= The ship was out of control.
285. be badly off, ;~에 궁색하다,가난하다
= be poor
He (is badly off ) 그는 가난하다(궁색하다)
( is poor )
= He (is well off, is rich → ~에 유복한). 그는 유복하다(부자다)
* be badly off의 비교급은 be worse off(더 가난하다)이며,
be well off의 비교급은 be better off(더 유복하다)임.
= keep,
= be faithful to
You should ( abide by ) your promise. 너는 너의 약속을 지켜야 한다.
( keep, )
( be faithful to)
= be rich in
This garden ( abound in, ) beautiful flowers. 이 정원에는 아름다운 꽃들이 많이 있다.
( is rich in )
= more than anything else,
= especially
He loved his fatherland ( above all ) 무엇보다도 그는 조국을 사랑했다.
( more than anything else,)
( especially )
You will receive (according as) you give.
네가 남에게 주는 정도에 따라서 너도 받게 될 것이다.
(According to) the Bible, God created the world. 성경에 의하면, 신은 세계를 창조했다.
* (according as) 다음에는 절이 오며,
according to다음에는 명사나 구가 옴.
= explain
His illness ( accounts for) his absence. 그가 결석한 것은 병때문이다.
( explains )
= consent to
I cannot ( agree to) your marrying Tom. 네가 Tom과 결혼하는 것을 승낙할 수가 없다.
( consent to )
The climate does not (agree, suit 동의하다, 적합하다) with me. 기후가 내게 맞지 않는다.
* agree to+ 사물, agree with+ 사람․사물의 형태로 쓰임.
292. All of a sudden, ; 갑자기, 돌연히
= All at once,
= Suddenly,
= On a sudden
( All of a sudden ) the sky became dark. 갑자기 하늘이 캄캄해졌다.
( All at once,)
( Suddenly, )
( On a sudden )
= be responsible for
I cannot ( answer for, ) it. 나는 그것에 책임질 수 없다.
( be responsible for )
294. be anxious about, ;~을 강조하다
= be uneasy about,
= be worried about
I ( am anxious about ) my son's health. 아들 건강이 걱정된다.
( am uneasy about, )
( am worried about)
= be eager for
We ( are anxious for ) peace. 우리는 평화를 열망한다.
( are eager for )
He was anxious to meet you. 그는 너를 만나고 싶어했다.
296. As a matter of fact, ; 사실
= In fact
( As a matter of fact ), I know nothing about the fact.
( In fact )
(사실 나는 그 사실에 대해서 아무것도 아는 바가 없다.)
297. and so forth, ; 등등, 기타
= and so on,
= and what not
He bought apples, pears, ( and so forth ). (그는 사과, 배등을 샀다.)
( and so on, )
( and what not )
= On the whole,
= Generally
( Generally ) I get up early in the morning. (일반적으로 나는 아침에 일찍 일어난다.)
( As a rule, Usually ),
( On the whole,)
= never,
= by no means
He is ( anything but ) a child. (그는 결코 어린애가 아니다.)
( never, )
( by no means )
300. nothing but, ;단지 ~에 지나지 않는
= only,
= no more than
He is ( nothing but ) a student. (그는 단지 학생에 지나지 않는다.)
( only, )
( no more than )
* nothing but과 anything but의 차이점에 유의할 것.
301. apply oneself to, ; ~에 전념하다, ~에 몰두하다
= devote oneself to,
= give oneself to,
= give all one's energy to
You must ( apply yourself to) learning English. (너는 영어 공부에 전념해야 한다.)
( devote yourself to,)
( give yourself to,)
( give all your energy to )
= so to speak
The newspaper is, ( as it were ), the mirror of a society.
( so to speak )
(신문은 말하자면, 사회의 거울이다.)
303. As far as I am concerned, ;나에 관한 한
= As for me
(As far as I am concerned,) I have no objection. (나에게 관한 한 반대 의사가 없다.)
(As for me )
= about,
= concerning,
= regarding
I will deal with him later ( as to ) your brother.
( about, )
( concerning, )
( regarding )
(네 동생 문제에 대해선 나중에 처리하겠다.)
305. be as good as one's word, ; 약속을 지키다
= keep one's promise
He ( is as good as his word ). 그는 (약속을 잘 지킨다.)
( keeps his promise )
= practically,
= no better than
The beggar is ( as good as ) dead.
(그 거지는 사실상 죽은거나 다름없다.)
( practically, )
( no better than )
* as good as ~가 두 가지 의미로 쓰임에 유의할 것.
․ He was at a loss for words. 그는 무슨 말을 해야할지 당황했다.
* be at a loss= 어찌할 바를 모르다. 당황하다. (중요 숙어임)
= be confused
= be perplexed
= be at one's wit's end
= At all events,
= In any case
( At any rate ) you must go there.
(어쨌든 너는 거기에 가야 한다.)
( At all events, )
( In any case )
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