Listen to the part of a lecture in a biology class.
I’d like to continual discussion of animal behavior. start up todays class by focusing on a concept we haven’t yet touched upon. ‘Swarm intelligence.’ Swarm intelligence is a collective behavior that emergence from a group of animals like a (~?)or a flock of birds.
Let’s first considered principals behind swarm intelligence and will used at as a model. Now, an ant (~?) is not bed smart when you have grouped the ants however, there you have efficiency in action. You see, there is no leader running in an ant colony each individual. Each individual ant operates by instinctively following a simple (~?) rules when forge for food. Rule number one, deposit a chemical marker, call a pheromone and Rule two, follow the strongest pheromone path. The strongest pheromone path is advantages to ants seeking food. So, for example. When ants leaved the nest, they deposit the pheromone trail a long loop they take if they find food. they retune to the nest on the same path and the pheromone trail gets stronger. It’s doubled string Because an ant that took a shorter path retunes first its pheromone trail is stronger and other ants follow it according to rule two. and as more as travel that path the pheromone trail gets even stronger. so, what’s happening here? each ant follows two varying basic rules and each ant acts on information (~?) in its mediate local environment. and it is important note even though not all the individual ants is aware a bigger plan they collectively choose the shortest path between the nest and a food source because it’s the most reinforced path.
By the way, a few few(~?) relevant was and swarm intelligence op several good examples (~?) concepts biology can be applied other fields. Well, business have been able to use this approach. a following simple rules when designing complex systems for instant in telephone networks. whether call this place from one city to another, it has to connect through a number of knows underway at each point a decision has been made which directions does (~?) from here. Well, a computer program was developed to ants a question based on rules rather similar to the once that ants use to find food. remember, individuals ants deposit pheromones and they follow the path that is most reinforced. Now, in the phone network. a computer monitors connections speed each path and identifies the paths that a currently the fastest, the list crowded parts in network and this information converted into a new (~?)code is deposited at the network notes. this reinforces the path that a list crowded at the moment. the rule of telephone network follows is to always select the path that is most reinforced. So, similar to the ants behavior at each intermediate know the call follow the path that is most reinforced. This leads to an outcome which is beneficial to the network as a hole and (~?) get through faster. but getting back to animal behavior another example of swarm intelligence is the way flocks of birds or (~?)movements and know where they are supposed to be.
Well, it basically (~?) to three rules that each birds seems to follow on. rule one, stay close to near by birds, rule two avoid (~?) with near by bird and rule three move in the average speed (~?) of near by birds. Oh, and by the way, if you wondering how this approach can be a practical use for humans? The movie industry has been trying to create computer generated flocks of birds in movie scenes. The question was how do it easily on a large scale. a researcher use this three rules in a computer graphics program and it worked. there of also (~?) to create computer generated crowds of people using this bird flocking model of swarm intelligence however, i am not surprised that more researches need it the three rules i mentioned might be great for birds simulation, but they don’t take it to (~?) complexity and unpredictability of human behavior. so, if you want to create crows of people in a realistic way, that computer model might be too limited.
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