또 점화된 사탄의 공격 - 다시 논란의 불을 지핀 예수님에 대한 파피루스 문서

[양백마리]

A Faded Piece of Papyrus Refers to Jesus’ Wife

 

 

Professor Karen L. King, in her office at Harvard Divinity School, held a fragment of papyrus that she says was written in Coptic in the fourth century and contains a reference to Jesus' wife.

 

By LAURIE GOODSTEIN

Published: September 18, 2012 875 Comments

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. — A historian of early Christianity at Harvard Divinity School has identified a scrap of papyrus that she says was written in Coptic in the fourth century and contains a phrase never seen in any piece of Scripture: “Jesus said to them, ‘My wife ...’ ”

The faded papyrus fragment is smaller than a business card, with eight lines on one side, in black ink legible under a magnifying glass. Just below the line about Jesus having a wife, the papyrus includes a second provocative clause that purportedly says, “she will be able to be my disciple.”

The finding was made public in Rome on Tuesday at the International Congress of Coptic Studies by Karen L. King, a historian who has published several books about new Gospel discoveries and is the first woman to hold the nation’s oldest endowed chair, the Hollis professor of divinity.

The provenance of the papyrus fragment is a mystery, and its owner has asked to remain anonymous. Until Tuesday, Dr. King had shown the fragment to only a small circle of experts in papyrology and Coptic linguistics, who concluded that it is most likely not a forgery. But she and her collaborators say they are eager for more scholars to weigh in and perhaps upend their conclusions.

Even with many questions unsettled, the discovery could reignite the debate over whether Jesus was married, whether Mary Magdalene was his wife and whether he had a female disciple. These debates date to the early centuries of Christianity, scholars say. But they are relevant today, when global Christianity is roiling over the place of women in ministry and the boundaries of marriage.

The discussion is particularly animated in the Roman Catholic Church, where despite calls for change, the Vatican has reiterated the teaching that the priesthood cannot be opened to women and married men because of the model set by Jesus.

Dr. King gave an interview and showed the papyrus fragment, encased in glass, to reporters from The New York Times, The Boston Globe and Harvard Magazine in her garret office in the tower at Harvard Divinity School last Thursday.

She repeatedly cautioned that this fragment should not be taken as proof that Jesus, the historical person, was actually married. The text was probably written centuries after Jesus lived, and all other early, historically reliable Christian literature is silent on the question, she said.

But the discovery is exciting, Dr. King said, because it is the first known statement from antiquity that refers to Jesus speaking of a wife. It provides further evidence that there was an active discussion among early Christians about whether Jesus was celibate or married, and which path his followers should choose.

“This fragment suggests that some early Christians had a tradition that Jesus was married,” she said. “There was, we already know, a controversy in the second century over whether Jesus was married, caught up with a debate about whether Christians should marry and have sex.”

Dr. King first learned about what she calls “The Gospel of Jesus’s Wife” when she received an e-mail in 2010 from a private collector who asked her to translate it. Dr. King, 58, specializes in Coptic literature, and has written books on the Gospel of Judas, the Gospel of Mary of Magdala, Gnosticism and women in antiquity.

The owner, who has a collection of Greek, Coptic and Arabic papyri, is not willing to be identified by name, nationality or location, because, Dr. King said, “He doesn’t want to be hounded by people who want to buy this.”

When, where or how the fragment was discovered is unknown. The collector acquired it in a batch of papyri in 1997 from the previous owner, a German. It came with a handwritten note in German that names a professor of Egyptology in Berlin, now deceased, and cited him calling the fragment “the sole example” of a text in which Jesus claims a wife.

The owner took the fragment to the Divinity School in December 2011 and left it with Dr. King. In March, she carried the fragment in her red handbag to New York to show it to two papyrologists: Roger Bagnall, director of the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, at New York University, and AnneMarie Luijendijk, an associate professor of religion at Princeton University.

오늘 타임지에 실린 내용입니다.

내용을 요약해보면,

예수님이 결혼했고, 결혼한 여자가 제자가 될거라는 파피루스 문서 (비즈니스 카드보다 더 작은 크기)가 발견됐다고

하버드 대학의 여교수가 공식적으로 발표했습니다.

이 문서의 출처는 알려지지 않았지만, 모조품은 아닌 것 같다고 하네요.

이로써 예수님이 결혼했느냐? 마리아가 예수님의 아내였느냐? 정말 여제자가 있었느냐? 하는 논쟁이 재점화되었다고 합니다.

사탄이 다빈치 코드 이후로 다시 이런 문제로 공격을 다시 했습니다.

기도가 많이 필요한 때입니다...

이 기사를 비중있게 다룬 듯 합니다. 제가 올린 내용은 두 페이지 중 첫 번째 페이지만 올린 것입니다.

하나님을 깎아내릴 수 있는 이런 일에 세상은 더 열을 올립니다.

[조환 템플라]

원래 프리메이슨과 일루미나티 라는 단체가 인간의 입장에서 신을 모방하는 조직입니다. 현대 사회의 인본주의의 물결 속에서 거의 완벽하게 자신들, 메이슨들과 일루미나티를 신의 반열에 올려놓고 있지요. 저런 기사가 보도될 때마다 거의 그 날(?)에 가까히 다가가는 것만 같습니다.

[필레오]

성경 사본학을 알면, 저런 주장들을 모두 헛 소리라는 것을 알 수 있습니다. 신빙성 있는 자료라면 당연히 예수님의 제자들이 기록하여 놓은 성경의 내용이 가장 정확하지 않겠어요?

[필레오]

제가 고대 파피루스의 문헌을 많이 보았으나 기사에 나온 파피루스는 엉성하네요. 기사의 내용에 보면 4세기(주후 400년)에 콥트 사람이 기록한 성경의 파편 조작이라고 되어 있는데. 신약성경은 예수님의 제자들에 의하여 주후 1세기(서기 100년) 안에 모두 기록되었습니다. 기사에 나온 파피루스 조작이 만약 진짜라고 하더라도 신약성경이 나온지 300년 후에 기록되었다면 당연히 가짜입니다.