6월 23일 토요일 중급 영어회화 스터디 참여공지 및 토픽입니다

[마이존]

<Small Talk>

1. Where do you prefer to watch movies: at home or in the theater?

2. After you are getting older and retire from your job, where do you want to live? What’s your ideal life in old age?

3. What is your opinion about the welfare system?

4. What is the greatest problem facing the world today?

<Topic 1>

Joshua Aronson and Claude M. Steele have done research on the psychological effects of stereotyping, particularly its effect on African, Americans and women. They argue that psychological research has shown that competence is highly responsive to situation and interactions with others. They cite, for example, a study which found that bogus feedback to college students dramatically affected their IQ test performance, and another in which students were either praised as very smart, congratulated on their hard work, or told that they scored high. The group praised as smart performed significantly worse than the others.

They believe that there is an 'innate ability bias'. These effects are not just limited to minority groups. Mathematically competent white males, mostly math and engineering students, were asked to take a difficult math test.

One group was told that this was being done to determine why Asians were scoring better.

This group performed significantly worse than the control group.

Possible prejudicial effects of stereotypes are:

-Justification of ill-founded prejudices or ignorance

-Unwillingness to rethink one's attitudes and behavior towards stereotyped group

-Preventing some people of stereotyped groups from entering or succeeding in activities or fields

The effects of stereotyping can fluctuate, but for the most part they are negative, and not always apparent until long periods of time have passed.

Over time, some victims of negative stereotypes display self-fulfilling prophecy behavior, in which they assume that the stereotype represents norms to

emulate. Negative effects may include forming inaccurate opinions of people, scapegoating, erroneously judgementalism, preventing emotional identification,

distress, and impaired performance. Stereotyping painfully reminds those being judged of how society views them.

Stereotype accuracy is a growing area of study and for Yueh-Ting Lee and his colleagues they have created an EPA Model (Eval‎!!uation, Potency, Accuracy) to describe the continuously changing variables of stereotypes.

-Question-

1. What do you think of this stereotype study above all?

2. What are stereotypes and how do they affect people’s lives?

3. Can you think of any events in history or events that were influenced by stereotypes and biases in your life?

4. How do people learn to make stereotypes? How might they unlearn them?

5. How can the media (newspapers, television, movies) help to reduce stereotyping?

6. Do you think certain groups are more subject to stereotyping than others? If so, why?

7. What do you think an individual can do to help reduce bias and stereotyping?

<Topic 2>
We humans have this innate desire to classify things. We like to pigeonhole each other and make snap judgments. We segregate into extroverts versus introverts. Right-brains versus left-brains. Movers versus shakers, crazy-haha versus crazy-cuckoo, innies versus outies, prongs versus sockets. We have Rorschachs and Kierseys and Meyers and countless ways to catalog each other. Even online dating sites have started pinning their matches on personality typecasting. I, for one, am concerned that the Stereotype Express is about to barrel itself over a cliff, sending us all to a fiery, prejudiced death. Of course, I still want to hop aboard. So I am nearby announcing my own system of human classification to the world. I call it the Dennis Hong Annoyance Scale (DHAS). Using this ingenious assessment, we can now quantify how annoying people are based on two simple factors: how hot they are, and how hot they think they are.

Categorically, the DHAS breaks people down into four broad types:

1.You’re hot, and you think you’re hot.

2.You’re hot, but you think you’re not hot.

3.You’re not hot, and you think you’re not hot.

4.You’re not hot, but you think you’re hot.

Each type occupies a different segment of the annoyance scale, as summarized below:

Type 1: You’re kind of annoying, but people simply have to tolerate you. Because you’re hot. If hotness were asteroids, you made dinosaurs go extinct. You’re so hot, ceiling sprinklers go off when you step into the room. But, of course, you know that. Still, what can we do? You know we want you. And we do. You know you’ll get anything you want from us. And you will. Why? Because you’re just that hot.

Type 2: You’re not annoying at all. In fact, you make a great girlfriend (or boyfriend). Why? Because you appreciate your significant other, and you will never think you’re too good for them. If anything, you wonder what they’re doing with you. In extreme cases, your low self-image can become troublesome. But, as long as we’ve sleuthed the appropriate answer to, “do these jeans make me look fat?” (“no, babe, you look ravishing in them”), you’re completely tolerable. Within reason then, your unassuming nature is attractive.

Type 3: You’re only somewhat annoying. Although people may not think you’re all that hot, you’re aware of your own shortcomings, and that gives you the chance to fix them. As with the Type 2, your low self-esteem can sometimes encumber you. But, as long as you use your realistic self-image to improve yourself in healthy ways, instead of wallowing in your own personal pity party or embarking down a path of self-destructive habits, there’s hope for you yet. In this respect, your attitude actually makes you hotter, and you tend to grow on people.

Type 4: Well, let’s just lay it on the line. You are…. Annoying. You’re the type we see on Jerry Springer. He once had an episode titled, “You’re too fat to strip.” I kid you not. You are utterly conceited and abominably clueless. When members of the opposite sex gawk, you think they lust. When members of the same sex point, you think they envy. You’re the one in the overstretched halter, your explosive muffin top undulating with each beat while you gyrate to Pussycat Dolls, asking—nay, demanding—that “you want some of this.” Worse yet, you have no hope of ever actually becoming hot. Why? Because you think you’re already there. You are the grandest grand delusionist.

So, have you determined which type you are? Because, in case you haven’t figured it out, this isn’t actually a story of how hot or how annoying you are. It’s a story of self-awareness. Why is the Type 4 annoying? Because the Type 4 lacks self-awareness. We all have room to improve, whether physically, emotionally, socially, intellectually, or by any of a host of traits that we can ascribe to human beings. Of course, the only way we can improve is if we are aware of our own shortcomings. If we’re atrociously repulsive, but believe we’re hot, will we ever be able to make ourselves attractive? Not until we realize how atrociously repulsive we are. What if we’re hot, but don’t think too much of ourselves? At worst, we suffer from low self-esteem (which, granted, opens up a host of valid concerns that lie outside the scope of this non-dissertational article). At best, our perfectionist attitude drives us to keep working on our perceived shortcomings. With respect to self-awareness, we’re always better off being too critical than not critical enough. Why? Because we will never get complacent with ourselves. So, if you think you have it all together, if you believe there’s no room left for you to grow or to change, I ask that you take a good look at yourself in the mirror, literally or figuratively. Then ponder this: Are you really as hot as you think you are?

-Question-
1. What annoys you about living?

2. What annoys you about commuting by bus or subways?

3. What annoys you most about living at home with your family?

4. Do you think you habits that you annoy other people?

5. Does it annoy you when people kiss in public?

6. If something is annoying you, what do you usually do?

7. Who is the most annoying celebrity? Why?

[~Ricky~]

참여 신청자 명단
백봉길
박성희 010-6206-9148
민현기 010-2677-3702
이인혜 010-7297-5554
공 병관 010-9441-6848

[스마일페이스]

서완석 010-5354-0386

[wonder]

임관혁 018 738 3838

[Mark001]

Mark 참여합니다 ^^