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필수요소 역할 명사구
[Life with brothers and sisters] can be rough and tumble sometimes, but there's [a lot of fun and good times to be had too].
[this childish attempt to conceal the truth] has spectacularly backfired.
[The weight of the snow in Bismarck] collapsed a roof /during the weekend
[The leading edge of the cold air] was expected to strike the Northeast,
There are [a number of digital audio formats in use these days]
Girls have [a more finely tuned aural structure]
Eager to capitalize on their past progress, the two created [a teaching plan for the upcoming semester].
She tried to maintain [an appearance of calm.
McAninch checked the layout of the store.
There'd recently been a string of burglaries there]
They are [a small group of public officials who for years worked to enable growth in the desert,acquire the water needed to sustain it and green-light the developments that created jobs and profits].
[a stocky man in along-sleeved white shirt and jeans] burst /through the front door /with a gun inhis hand.
At long last, police took [command of the phone line]
They include [a handful of casino executives who spent the past decade consolidating and expanding their reach to Macau, Bahamas, Singapore but have recently been stopped cold bythe economic freeze].
His mother saw [an ad on television for a refinancing program].
This recession destroys[the illusion of prosperity]
Any time you are selling something and receive [a check for more than the asking price], no matter what the reason, it’s a scam.
[His window of opportunity] was about half a second.
[a handful of other surfers] met Endris there
[the same spot where the shark had slammed into him]
[a group of wildlife veterinarians and marine biologists who have teamed up to design an attack-prevention system]]
he spotted [a huge swell /building behind him]
Our idea is to create [a compact, affordable system that will protect me and my friends],
You're in perfect sync with [an actual moving force of nature],
Endris lived for [the adrenaline rush that came with outracing a roaring wave]
he began [having a recurring nightmare]: [the great white shark plowing through the water, about to knock him off his board].
I would have [this feeling of dread and panic in my chest]
[The great white shark] still had a hold /on his upper thigh.
he saw the dolphins form[a protective wall between him and the great white].
There's [a small swell /coming].
He launched [a business/ taking care of large saltwater aquariums owned by wealthy clients after he graduated].
[The need to label your home-recorded CD-Rs and DVD-Rs] is obvious;
"He had [a way about him]
I would also like to change [the way I do not include her in some of my things],
In [ his social history of venereal disease ], [ No Magic Bullet ], [ Allan M. Brandt ]describes[ the controversy in the US military about preventing venereal disease among soldiers during World War I]. Should
there be [ a disease prevention effort that recognized that many young
American men would succumb to the charms of French prostitutes ], or
should there be [ a more punitive approach to discourage sexual contact
]?
Unlike[
the New Zealand Expeditionary forces ], which gave[ condoms ]to[their
soldiers ],[ the United States ]decided to give [ American soldiers
][after-the-fact,and largely ineffective, chemical prophylaxis ]. [ American soldiers ]also were subject to [court martial ] if they contracted[ a venereal disease ]. [ These measures ] failed.
[ More than 383,000 soldiers ]were diagnosed with[ venereal diseases ]between April 1917 and December 1919 and lost [ seven million days of active duty ]. [ Only influenza ], which struck in [ an epidemic ], was [ a more common illness among servicemen ].
The Constitution of the United States is the nation’s bedrock charter, and devoted lawmakers sworn to uphold it should resist the dangerous temptation to push for pandering amendments every time an election year rolls around.
부사 역할 명구/절
Do you see that fighting comes up /an awful lot?
The next time you want to complain about your brother or sister, consider this:
He jumped out an airplane and left it to crash /who knows where.
it can't be repaired no matter what you do
Boys’teachers should sound /matter of fact
전치사의 목적
동격구; 형용사적 역할
1.Isadora Duncan a great American dancer of the early twentieth century has become almost as famous for her death as her dancing.
2.John Styth Pemberton an Atlanta pharmacist created the original Coca-Cola in1886.
3.Richard Nixon is the only American president who was forced to resign his office.
4.King Louis XIV of France a ballet dancer from the time he was a teenager established the Royal Ballet Company.
5.Robert Benchley the American humorist and critic was a member of the Algonquintable of noted wits.
6.Nellie Melba a famous Australian soprano of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century gave her name to a snack food called “melba toast.”
7.The centaur a mythological creature is said to feast on raw flesh and prodigious amounts of liquor.
8.Alexander the Great died of a fever.
9.Ferrets a domesticated variety of polecats were first tamed in 1500 b.c.e. by the Egyptians.
10.Some people consider the number 13 unlucky.
절대구/독립명사구; 부사적 역할
Absolute
Phrase ; is a structure independent from the main sentence, a noun
phrase, introduces an idea related to the sentence as a whole, not to
any one of its parts.
Head noun + present or past participle/prepositoonal phrase/infinitive phrase/noun phrase/adjective phrase, modifying the whole sentence
Our car /having developed engine trouble, we stopped for the night at a roadside rest area.
The weather /being warm and clear, we decided to have a picnic.
Victory /assured, the fan stood and cheered during the last five minutes of the game.
절대구는 종속절로 바꿀 수 있다 원인이나 조건절로
절대구는 한마디로 많은 뜻을 내포할 수 있기에
상황에 따라 다양한 부사접속사를 써서 부사절로 바꿀 수 있다
허나 절대구는
주절이 전체적인 윤곽을 설명한다면
절대구는 세부적인 상황설명을 하는 역할에 주로 사용된다 한다
When/since/because our car developed engine trouble, we stopped.
The officer called in a description of the vehicle, and in minutes a police car was on the scene,
lights /flashing.
Absolute phrases modify absolutely everything.
모든걸 수식한다는 말은 entire sentence 문장 전체를 수식한다는 말
Unlike other modifiers, absolute phrases do not modify a particular word in a sentence; rather, they modify the entire sentence—setting the scene or background overall, so to speak.
An absolute phrase typically consists of a noun (or pronoun) and a
participle (see “Participial phrases,” above): umbrellas tossing in the
wind,his hopes dashed at last.
In the following examples, notice that the absolute phrases cannot logically be said to modify any particular word of the main clause:
Umbrellas /tossing in the wind, the students at the bus stop huddled under the scant shelter of the elms.
Rodrigo unhappily prepared to vacate and sell his dream home,
his hopes /for a reconciliation /dashed at last.
Like appositives, absolute phrases are set off from the rest of the sentence by commas.
* appositives 동격구는 형용사 역할로 형절로 전환 가능하나
absolute phrases 절대구는 부사 역할이기에 부사절로 전환 가능하다
그밖의 예문
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