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보통 프로그래머는 처음 프로그램 개발을 위해서 프로젝트별 팀원으로 활동하게 됩니다.
프로그래머는 팀으로 활동하며 5~10년 개발자 경력이 쌓이면서 나중에는 리더격으로 TF를 관리하게 되고
나중에는 프로젝트 전체를 관리하는 프로젝트관리자로 성장하게 됩니다.
전체적인 고객요구사항 등을 반영하여 시스템 개발에 대한 기본 개발요소(FP, Function Point)로 참여하게 되는데
전체적인 프로젝트 관리가 중요해집니다.
기본적인 프로젝트계획서 부터 시작해서 요구사항정의서, 요구사항추적표, UI정의서, 상세설계서, 시스템인터페이스정의서,
테이블정의서, 프로그램목록, 시스템아키텍처정의서, 메뉴얼, 인수시험계획서 등 다양한 자료들을 만들게 됩니다.
꼭 IT분야에만 국한되는 것은 아니지만 신규 시스템설비 구축 등 장.단기 프로젝트에 많이 활용할 수 있는 것이 PM 자격인데
혹시 프로젝트 관리자(PM, Project Manager) 자격증에 관심이 있으신 분들은 아래 링크를 참고하여 주세요.
ㅇ 미국 : PMP (Project Management Professional)
- PMI 멤버십을 사서 필요한 교육/지식을 얻거나 PMBOK을 구매하여 공부한 후 PMP 등 자격 취득
- PMP 자격시험을 응시하기 위해 기본적인 경력증명이 필요함 (필요 시 audit 절차를 밟게 됨)
==> 3년 PM 경력 + PM Prep Course 교육과정 증빙 필요 (40시간)
===> 기본 180문제 (250분간), 온라인 시험 가능
- CAPM, PMI-RMP, PMI-ACP, DASM, DASSM, PMI-ACP 등
- 자격증 유효기간: 3년
ㅇ 유럽 : PRINCE2 (Foundation, Practitioner, (Professional))
- 기본서를 구매하여 공부하고 Foundation - Practitioner - Professional 로 자격 취득
==> Practitioner는 5지 선다, True/False 두 개 동시 맞추기, 시나리오별로 판단, PM 절차 등 문제
- 자격증 유효기간: Practitioner 5년, Foundation 영구
- 영국문화원에서 시험응시
ㅇ PRINCE2와 PMP 비교
Here's a table summarizing the key differences between PRINCE2 and PMP certifications:
AspectPRINCE2PMP
Focus | Methodology-oriented, structured approach | Knowledge areas and best practices |
Origin | UK government-developed, widely used in Europe | Globally recognized, broader international presence |
Geographical Adoption | Primarily Europe, especially UK | Global acceptance and popularity |
Experience Requirements | No specific experience prerequisites | Minimum 4,500 hours (or 7,500 hours with a bachelor's degree) of project management experience |
Certification Process | PRINCE2 Foundation and Practitioner exams | Single PMP exam |
Methodology vs. Knowledge | Emphasizes a process-based methodology | Emphasizes project management knowledge areas |
Applicability | Suited for larger, complex projects with governance and control needs | Applicable to various project types and industries |
Exam Content | Tests knowledge of PRINCE2 methodology | Tests knowledge and application of project management principles based on PMBOK Guide |
Please note that this table provides a general overview of the differences between PRINCE2 and PMP certifications and should be considered as a starting point for comparison. It's important to conduct further research and assess your specific requirements and career goals before choosing the certification that best suits your needs.
PRINCE2 vs. PMP
PRINCE2 and PMP are two popular project management certifications that provide professionals with frameworks, methodologies, and best practices to effectively manage projects. While they both focus on project management, there are significant differences between PRINCE2 (Projects IN Controlled Environments) and PMP (Project Management Professional) certifications.
[PRINCE2]
PRINCE2 is a process-based methodology developed by the UK government and widely adopted in various industries globally. It provides a structured approach to project management, emphasizing control, organization, and scalability. Key features of PRINCE2 include:
1. Process-oriented: PRINCE2 defines a set of processes, activities, and tasks that need to be completed at each stage of a project's lifecycle. It provides a step-by-step guide for project management, ensuring consistency and control.
2. Focus on business justification: PRINCE2 emphasizes the need for projects to have clear business objectives and benefits. It includes techniques for assessing and justifying project viability throughout its lifecycle.
3. Tailorability: PRINCE2 offers a flexible framework that can be tailored to suit project size, complexity, and organizational requirements. It provides guidelines for adapting the methodology to fit specific project needs.
[PMP]
PMP is a globally recognized certification offered by the Project Management Institute (PMI). It is based on the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), which is a comprehensive guide to project management practices. PMP focuses on the following aspects:
1. Knowledge areas: PMP covers ten knowledge areas, including project integration, scope, time, cost, quality, human resources, communications, risk, procurement, and stakeholder management. It provides a holistic understanding of project management principles and techniques.
2. Process groups: PMP defines five process groups—initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. These groups represent different phases of a project and the activities involved in each phase.
3. Professional experience: PMP requires a minimum of 4,500 hours of project management experience (or 7,500 hours with a bachelor's degree) to be eligible for the certification. It places a significant emphasis on practical project management experience.
4. Exam-based: PMP certification is obtained by passing a rigorous exam that tests knowledge and application of project management principles, processes, and techniques. The exam assesses areas such as project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, control, and closing.
In summary, while PRINCE2 provides a structured and adaptable methodology for project management, PMP offers a broader understanding of project management principles, knowledge areas, and best practices. PRINCE2 is widely adopted in Europe, particularly in the UK, while PMP is more popular globally. The choice between the two certifications depends on factors such as industry, geographical location, and personal career goals.
Here are some further explanations regarding the differences between PRINCE2 and PMP certifications:
1. Geographical Focus: PRINCE2 is more commonly used and recognized in Europe, particularly in the UK, where it originated. It is widely adopted by government organizations and private companies in the UK and some European countries. On the other hand, PMP is globally recognized and has a broader international presence, with professionals from various regions pursuing this certification.
2. Emphasis on Methodology vs. Knowledge: PRINCE2 places a strong emphasis on its structured methodology and provides detailed guidelines on how to manage projects effectively. It offers a step-by-step approach, highlighting processes, roles, and responsibilities. In contrast, PMP focuses on project management knowledge areas and best practices. It covers a wide range of project management concepts, tools, and techniques, providing a comprehensive understanding of the subject.
3. Experience Requirements: PMP has strict experience requirements for certification eligibility. Candidates need to have a minimum of 4,500 hours of project management experience (or 7,500 hours with a bachelor's degree) leading and directing projects. This requirement ensures that PMP-certified professionals have practical experience in managing projects. PRINCE2, on the other hand, does not have specific experience prerequisites for certification.
4. Certification Process: The certification process for PRINCE2 and PMP also differs. To obtain PRINCE2 certification, candidates typically need to pass two exams: PRINCE2 Foundation and PRINCE2 Practitioner. These exams assess knowledge and understanding of the PRINCE2 methodology. PMP certification, on the other hand, requires passing a single exam that tests knowledge and application of project management principles based on the PMBOK Guide.
5. Applicability and Flexibility: PRINCE2 is often seen as a methodology that is more suited for larger, complex projects with defined stages and a focus on governance and control. It provides a clear structure and guidelines, making it easier to apply in certain contexts. PMP, with its broader knowledge areas, can be applied to various project types and industries, offering more flexibility in its application.
Ultimately, the choice between PRINCE2 and PMP depends on factors such as geographical location, industry preferences, project management experience, and personal career goals. It's important to consider the specific requirements and benefits of each certification and assess which one aligns better with your professional aspirations and the demands of your chosen field.
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