2023년 3월 13일 자율 토픽
1. 아래 동영상을 보고 요약해보고, 느낀 점을 이야기해보세요.
Labor Market Polarization and the New Geography of Jobs, by professors Michalski and Mengus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aRUjLavVWCE
The main explanation in economics for labor market polarization by Catalin Dragomirescu-Gaina
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_GTnwvoWzJM
왜 나는 그대로인데 부자들은 넘쳐나는 걸까 | 일자리의 양극화
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RrRRFuHtPI0
2. DIscussion Topics
1) THE DISCUSSION ON JOBS
https://esldiscussions.com/j/jobs.html
2) THE DISCUSSION ON ECONOMICS
https://esldiscussions.com/e/economics.html
3) THE DISCUSSION ON POVERTY
https://esldiscussions.com/p/poverty.html
3. 추가 토론 질문
Job Polarization: Causes, Backgrounds, and Implications
Job polarization refers to the phenomenon of the growing concentration of employment opportunities in high-skill, high-wage jobs on one hand and low-skill, low-wage jobs on the other hand, while the middle-skill, middle-wage jobs are shrinking or disappearing. This trend has been observed in many countries around the world, and it has significant economic and social implications. In this article, we will explore the causes and backgrounds of job polarization and discuss its implications for individuals, businesses, and society as a whole.
Causes and Backgrounds of Job Polarization:
Job polarization is the result of several complex and interrelated factors, including technological change, globalization, and changes in labor market institutions and policies. Technological change has been one of the main drivers of job polarization, as it has led to the automation of routine and repetitive tasks, which were previously done by workers with middle-level skills. At the same time, it has created new opportunities for high-skilled workers who can use technology to enhance their productivity and creativity. Globalization has also contributed to job polarization by increasing the demand for high-skilled workers in advanced economies and low-skilled workers in developing economies. Changes in labor market institutions and policies, such as the decline of unions and the erosion of labor protections, have further contributed to job polarization by reducing the bargaining power of workers in the middle of the skill and wage distribution.
Implications of Job Polarization:
The implications of job polarization are significant and multifaceted. On one hand, it has contributed to the growing income and wealth inequality, as high-skilled workers enjoy rising wages and job security, while low-skilled workers face stagnant wages and job insecurity. On the other hand, it has led to the hollowing out of the middle class, which has been a pillar of social and political stability in many countries. Moreover, it has created a sense of economic insecurity and anxiety among workers in the middle of the skill and wage distribution, which has fueled populist and anti-globalization movements in many countries.
Basic Questions:
1. What is job polarization, and why is it an important issue?
2. What are the main drivers of job polarization, and how do they contribute to this trend?
3. What are the implications of job polarization for individuals, businesses, and society as a whole?
In-Depth Discussion Questions:
1. How can policymakers address the negative consequences of job polarization, such as income inequality and the hollowing out of the middle class? What are the most promising policy options?
2. How can businesses adapt to the changing demands of the labor market and the need for more skilled workers? What are the implications for the training and education of the workforce?
3. How can workers in the middle of the skill and wage distribution navigate the challenges posed by job polarization, such as the risk of job displacement and the need for upskilling and reskilling? What are the policy and institutional support that can help them succeed?
4. The English We Speak (자습용)
Mansplaining
https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/features/the-english-we-speak/ep-161129