PRACTICAL TEST 4
1. 4 2. 5 3. 3 4. 3 5. 4 6. 3 7. 2 8. 2 9. 5 10. 4 11. 4
12. 5 13. 2 14. 4 15. 5 16. 3 17. 2 18. 2 19. 4 20. 3 21. 4 22. 5
23. 3 24. 3 25. 1 26. 2 27. 4 28. 3 29. 2 30. 1 31. 3 32. 5 33. 3
34. 3 35. 1 36. 5
01
G Are you ready for your big presentation at today's class?
B Yes, I almost certainly am.
G Wow! You sound pretty confident.
B That's because I am. I'm exhausted, too. I stayed up all last night not only finishing the 20-page report the teacher wanted, but also creating the slides for today's presentation.
G You did include the statistical data that he asked for at the last minute, too?
B Yes, and I have to say the presentation graphs look gorgeous! I just have to make copies of the report and set up for the presentation. Oh, no!
G Why? What's wrong?
B I don't have my USB memory stick with me! It's still stuck in my computer at my place.
G Then everything you need for today is on it, and you don't have a backup copy?
B That's right! What am I going to do?
02
M The next piece is a beautiful Dutch landscape oil painting entitled Conversing Herds Along a Stream by Ronal Meilof. It is a lovely work, rich with detail and color. A beautiful ornate antique style frame with a black velvet liner is used. It was previously owned by a member of the royal family. The total size is 21? x 17.5?. It is in excellent condition. We'll start the bidding at $500. OK, I have 500. How about 1,000? Thank you. That's 1,000. This is a very sought-after piece. Many famous collectors have owned this in the past. Do I hear 1,500? Ah, thank you to the lady in pink. Do I hear 2,000? Yes! Oh, this one is hot. Don't miss your opportunity to take this masterpiece home with you.
03
W Don't miss Martin's Department Store's annual winter clearance sale from February 15th to the 23rd. This will provide you with 20 to 60% off items pulled from throughout the store. Be sure to take advantage of the low discounted prices in various departments. You'll certainly find something for the entire family. From February 15th to the 17th, all children's apparel is 30 to 60% off. In addition, receive a $15 discount when you purchase two pairs of any children's shoes. From the 18th to the 20th, all ladies' wear, including winter sweaters, coats, gloves and hats, is 25 to 50% off. And from the 21st to the 23rd, all men's wear including this winter's coats and blazers is 20 to 40% off. If you see something you like, don't delay! With deals like these, quantities won't last! Selections of sizes, colors and styles may be extremely limited per item.
04
M I think I'm in love with Lucy. She's beautiful, funny and intelligent. When she smiles, her big, brown eyes sparkle. Her voice is music to my ear. She doesn't look like a typical American because she's actually half Asian, which makes her look very exotic looking. She has a round face with high cheek bones. She has a small mouth with full lips and a sharp nose. She's fairly tall, around 5′8?, and has a medium build. Her hair is long and wavy with bangs. Even though she doesn't look like it, she's in her late twenties. She's very fashionable, too. Rather than dressing formally in suits, she likes to wear trendy clothes. She usually wears jeans with sneakers, but her tops are always dressy turtleneck sweaters.
05
B Our school is holding an annual song contest next month. I really want to join, but I'm not sure if I'm good enough.
G What do you mean? You have a great voice. You've been the lead singer of your own band since middle school.
B Yeah, but the people who join the contest are really good. Some of the winners of the previous contests have become professional singers. There will be lots of record companies at the contest.
G Well, you could become a professional singer, too. You've written lots of good songs, and you've even made your own CD.
B Yeah, but I'm just an amateur. No one's ever bought my CD. Singing is my way of relieving stress. I've never thought about pursuing it as a career.
G I think you are very talented. You should just join. The worst thing that can happen is you don't win. And I doubt that will happen.
B I am not so sure. The contest is during the school semester, and I'm worried that I won't have enough time to practice.
G This is an opportunity of a lifetime. You should take advantage of it.
06
W Hey, can you come and pick me up at the airport on Saturday?
M Sure, no problem. Do you know what time your flight arrives?
W My flight is scheduled to arrive at 4 p.m. Hopefully, there won't be any delays.
M It takes 30 minutes to get to the airport from the house, so I will leave around 4:15 p.m. That will give me 15 minutes to find parking and meet you at the gate.
W I'll have my cell phone with me, so I can call you around 4:30 after I land. Thus, I can give you an exact time.
M I don't mind waiting a little. You don't have to call me after you land. Just call me if you are going to be later than 5:30 p.m.
W Well, if everything goes as planned, I will see you an hour after my flight arrives.
M That sounds good. I'll make dinner reservations at our favorite restaurant for 6:30 p.m.
W Great idea. The meals on the airplane are terrible, and I will miss Korean food.
07
W Thank you. I'm so honored. First, I want to thank Sally Summers, who's been with me for 10 long years. You've been more than just a manager. I also want to thank my husband, David and my children, Diane and Angela. You gave me your unconditional love and support, and I took you with me every time I had to be away from home for weeks while shooting at remote locations. I love you with all my heart. I also want to thank our director, Steve Jennings. You're a genius. This experience was magical for me because of you. You believed in me, and you challenged me, and I'm better at what I do. I also have to thank Daniel Lee. Thank you for giving me this chance and having faith in me, and now I have this! I have so many people that I know I need to thank. Thank you!
08
W Hello. Are you ready to order?
M Actually, we're having difficulty deciding. My wife and I would both like to have a five-course meal. Could you help us out?
W Of course, sir. Appetizers are the first course, and today we have two choices: crab cakes and mussels with tomato sauce.
M I think I'll have the mussels, and my wife will have the cakes.
W All right, sir. The next course is the soup. The choices are between the cream of asparagus and the spicy tomato bisque.
M Cream of asparagus for the both of us. We also know what kind of salad we want. Asian chicken salad for me and Caesar salad for my wife.
W Good, sir. Then for the main course, we have three options: pan sauteed pork, mushroom stuffed chicken and garlic poached prawns.
M I think pork chops for me and the prawns for my wife.
W And finally, the dessert. We have a choice of an apple tart with vanilla ice cream and our floating island.
M I think a floating island for me and the tart for my wife.
W Thank you, sir.
09
W They're going up and down the court. He fakes. He passes. He shoots! Ah! He misses.
M That was so close! I can't believe he missed that shot! If I had been out there, I'm sure I would've been able to make it.
W This must be a new experience for you sitting in this chair next to me with a microphone instead of on the court.
M Yeah. I must admit that the view from here is a little different.
W LeRoy has the ball again. He dribbles left. He dribbles right. Pass to Owens who takes it in for the alleyoop and an easy two points.
M Great assist there by LeRoy. I think he leads the team in assists this season.
W Oh, looks like a substitution from the bench. With ten seconds left on the playing clock and the score tied 68 to 68, the home crowd is on their feet.
10
W May I have your attention, please? This is a friendly safety reminder for parents with little children. We want to ensure the safety of your children during this busy holiday season. Therefore, we're providing this public service announcement with safety tips about children and carts. First, never leave your child unattended in a cart. Please make sure to place young children in the seat, not the basket. They must be seated properly and strapped in securely to avoid injuries. Even if you strap your child into the cart seat, he or she may still manage to tip the cart over. Carts can tip over easily, so do not allow your child to hold onto and ride the outside of the carts. The only way to keep children safe is to stay with the cart at all times. Let's do all we can to keep our children away from danger for holidays. Thank you for your attention, and have happy holidays.
11
W Have you been following the presidential campaign?
M Yes, I have. I wish the candidates would focus on the issues instead of personally attacking one another.
W I know what you mean, but it's like this every election year, isn't it? Among the runners, though, I think Robert has the best chances of winning.
M Do you really think so? I would have to disagree with you. I think Karl will win the presidency this year.
W I think the American public is still conservative overall, and Robert is more qualified. He wants to lower corporate tax rates to boost the economy.
M But he has no real experience in politics. Karl, on the other hand, has been a senator for three terms and has made very important decisions regarding foreign policy.
W That might be true, but Robert is better qualified to improve domestic issues such as health care and education.
M Well, I know who I'm going to vote for on Election Day.
12
M Genghis Khan is undeniably one of the most powerful historical figures that people still talk about and admire. Born in 1162 in present-day Mongolia, he united much of Asia into one empire. In his early life people knew him as Temujin. Upon reaching adolescence Temujin became a vassal, or a protected servant, of Ong Khan, the leader of a powerful Mongol clan. He replaced Temujin as a leader into his servitude. As the new ruler of his clan, Temujin was an effective military and political leader. It is because he gained many soldiers and allies. With his well-trained military on horseback, in 1206 he was able to swiftly unite the main nomadic tribes that lived in north-east Asia into one nation, the Mongol Empire. Under the Mongol empire, Temujin was renamed Genghis Khan, or in Mongolian "Universal Ruler". Genghis Khan was well respected and revered by many, not only for his military might, but also because he created law and order and paid close attention to domestic affairs. By the time of his death in 1227, his empire extended all the way down to central China and west to present-day Armenia in Eastern Europe.
13
W Jake, stop complaining about all the work you have to do, and just do it.
B I have so many homework assignments to do, and I don't know where to start.
W Okay, let me help you get organized. Tell me what assignments you have to do and when they are due.
B On Friday, I have to give a presentation for science class, and I have to submit an essay about Shakespeare for English class. How am I supposed to finish all this by then? I haven't even started the research.
W This is what happens when you keep putting things off.
B Mom, I don't need a lecture. I need your help.
W Let's see, today is Monday, and it's 5 p.m. Tonight you can get on the Internet and research Shakespeare to write your essay. Then, outline your ideas, and you can start writing your essay.
B I'm not even sure what I want to say in my essay.
W Then you need to brainstorm first before you start your research.
B When should I prepare my presentation?
W Do one thing at a time. When you're done your essay, you can start on your presentation.
14
M Welcome back to a new semester. It's good to see all of your bright, smiling faces. I hope everyone had a nice long break and is ready to start back re-energized and motivated. A few changes will go into effect this semester, and I hope to have everyone's cooperation. First, we will be enforcing the dress code that we informed you about before you left for your holiday at the end of last semester. No uniforms will be required, but boys will be asked to pull up their pants and fasten them with belts. And girls, we must ask you to bring down those skirt hems and make sure they're no shorter than five inches above the knees. We'd also like to ask everyone to use your judgment when selecting the types of T-shirts you wear, particularly if they have any writing on them. The next change is the off-campus policy. If you have a car, make sure that you buy the appropriate parking permits and pay for them at the office. We will be monitoring the parking lots, and any car without the required tag attached to the rearview mirror will be ticketed. And the final change regards lunchtime. We have decided to increase your lunchtime to an hour and a half as many have requested this extra time.
15
G Dad, why did you bring me fishing? I just wanted to stay at home.
M I thought we could spend some time together and enjoy nature. Besides, fishing is easy. Here, I'll show you how.
G I don't know about this, Dad.
M Trust me. You'll love fishing!
G All right. What do I have to do?
M First you put the bobber on your line like this, about three feet above your hook. Good.
Then bait the hook with a worm.
G What? You want me to stab this slimy worm into the hook? That's so disgusting!
M Oh, it's not too bad. See, there? You did a great job!
G Now what do I do?
M Look around you to make sure that no one is nearby if you don't want to hook anyone. Then push in and hold the button on the reel. Draw back the pole, and snap the end to send the hook out into the water.
G Now, how long will I have to wait for a fish to bite?
M That depends on the fish. Sometimes it's a matter of a few minutes, but maybe even all day.
G I still don't know about this, Dad. I still think I should've just stayed at home.
M You can do it.
16
W Elephants use various means to communicate with each other. The trunk's position can be either defensive or threatening. Flapping the ears can express pleasure and joy. In turn, the beating of the ears on the skin may be heard. This sound causes other elephants to prick up their ears and get in contact with the first elephant. In hot weather, elephants use their ears primarily to cool down, however. At the back, the tail often serves as a sensory touch instrument. Using both their voice and their hearing, elephants can communicate with each other over great distances. Fellow elephants that know each other greet each other with quiet rumbling or purring which reminds one of a running diesel engine. Calves bellow loudly for their mothers when they feel lost. Anxious, attacking and attacked elephants trumpet. It is also known that elephants converse over great distances using infrasound. That is how they ensure that they have all the necessary information concerning their distance from other members of the group and the immediate environment.
17
W John, come here. I want to talk to you. Your teacher called me today. Is there anything you want to tell me?
B Uh... I forgot to do my homework again, and the teacher was really upset. She yelled at me and said she was going to call you.
W Why didn't you do your homework?
B I don't know..., I guess I forgot.
W So what do you have to say for yourself?
B Um... I can't help it if my teacher doesn't like me.
W Why do you think she doesn't like you?
B She always yells at me and calls on me when I don't know the answer. And she's never asked me to be a class leader.
W Well, are you a good listener? Do you pay attention in class?
B Yes, most of the time.
W What do you mean by most of the time? Are you sleeping in class or talking while she is talking?
B Sometimes, but my friends keep asking me questions. And once in a while the class is so boring, and I fall asleep. I can't help it.
W I think you need to stop making excuses and take responsibility for your actions. I'm going to punish you for your behavior. No TV or computer games for one week.
B But... Mom, that's not fair.
W It is not for you to say that. You need to learn how to act properly in class.
18
M Hello, Joan? This is Bob Jackson. I need to change my itinerary for my business trip to Prague.
W No problem. What's your new itinerary?
M After I finish our business in Prague, I have to meet another client in Austria. That's why I have to change my itinerary. So, I want you to make reservations at hotel in Austria for two nights.
W Should I change your flight, too?
M No. I will fly in and out of Prague as planned, but I need bus tickets to Austria.
W What about your plans for Prague? What adjustments would you like me to make?
M Well, since I will be in Prague for only four days, I won't have time to visit the Jewish Museum. On the first day, I will be meeting with clients all day at the Clarion Hotel.
W Will you still be able to tour Moser's glass factory, the Cathedral and the clock tower?
M Yes. After my business meeting, I am planning to do the city tour of Prague. I want to see the Prague Castle, the Cathedral, the clock tower and the Charles Bridge. After the tour, I will go shopping in the markets of old town. Then I will spend a day at Moser's and leave for Austria in the morning.
19
W Hi. I'm interested in the summer language program at Michigan State University. Can you help me?
M Of course. What kind of information do you need?
W I'd like to find out the information about how much the program will cost, including housing and airfare.
M The summer program is 15 weeks long, and the tuition is $6,800, not including room and board. If you want to live on campus, you have to pay an extra $2,800, which includes three meals a day.
W Wow, that's pretty expensive. Do they offer any scholarships or student discounts?
M Actually, international students cannot apply for scholarships or financial aid. We do offer a 10% discount on your total cost if you make your reservations through us.
W That's great. Then I'd like to book now. How much is airfare?
M We are having a discount on roundtrip tickets if you fly before June 1st. Can you leave by the end of this month?
W Sure, I can.
M Okay. Then your tickets will only cost you $800. It's the discounted cost. We will give you a 10% discount on tuition, room and board. Do you want to get health insurance? It's an extra $400 for the semester. Unfortunately, it cannot be lowered.
W I guess I should get the insurance, too. So, how much do I owe you? Do you take credit cards?
20
G Did something happen while you were at John's house?
B Well, John got a new remote control helicopter for Christmas. We had a great time flying it around his backyard.
G That sounds like a lot of fun. Why do you look so upset? Did you and John get into a fight?
B No, it's just that every time I go to John's house, I get so jealous. He has everything. His parents both work, so they can afford to buy him the best toys, clothes and shoes.
G Your parents do lots of good things, too. What does John have that you don't have? You got a remote control helicopter for your birthday last month, didn't you?
B Yeah, but it's not as fast as John's. My helicopter doesn't have any sound effects either.
G I should be the jealous one. You both have so much more than I do.
B I know. I should be grateful, but everything John has always seems to be better than mine.
21
W During the Mesozoic Era, dinosaurs dominated the Earth, and this era is often referred to as "the age of reptiles", which lasted for about 180 million years. This era is divided into three periods: the Triassic, the Jurassic and the Cretaceous. From fossils, scientists have discovered that some dinosaurs were armor-plated, some had spikes, some walked on two legs and some walked on four legs. Many species of dinosaurs have been discovered, but they are generally categorized as either theropods or sauropods. The top predators were the theropods, which were carnivores with beast feet and sharp teeth or beaks. The Tyrannosaurus-rex is the best-known of all the theropods. The sauropods such as the brachiosaurus were giant herbivores with lizard feet. The rule of the dinosaurs grew during the Jurassic period and reached its peak in the Cretaceous period before they became extinct. The mysterious disappearance about 65 million years ago has left scientists to believe that an asteroid impacted the Earth and caused major climatic changes to which the dinosaurs could not adapt.
22
M How's your thesis coming? I've got mine mostly worked out. Just needs a few finishing touches and a powerful conclusion.
W Don't tell me that! I'm so far behind that I don't know whether I can get mine done before the deadline.
M When is yours scheduled for?
W The end of November ?only six weeks away. And I'm not sure if I have my arguments in order. I'm so tired that I can't find the energy to write clearly.
M I have to admit that this thesis process is exhausting. I don't know how you manage to keep a job on top of all this work.
W I thought I could manage standing at a cash register for 25 hours a week, especially if I could keep a book or two behind the counter.
M Something has to give.
W I know. Maybe I could change the date of my presentation, push it back a couple more months.
M That would never get your paper done. I'd rather give up sleep than doing that.
W I guess I could probably live without money for a couple of months, and I'm sure they'd hire me back in January.
23
M Gravity, a force that pulls objects toward each other, is one of the fundamental forces of nature. The mass of the objects and distance between the objects affect the strength of gravity. Greater masses attract with more force, and the force weakens as the objects get further apart. Earth's gravity pulls objects toward the Earth's center. You can learn this through the experience when the balls you juggle fall to the ground. Why don't the balls join together? Since the Earth is so much larger than the balls, the Earth's gravity pulls the balls straight down towards the Earth's center. In other words, the balls' force can't really affect the Earth as much the as the Earth's force affects the far smaller balls. The force of gravity works with an object's mass to determine the weight of that object. An object's mass is a measure of the material that makes up that object. Gravity's pull on an object is that object's weight, and weight changes as the distance of the object from the Earth changes. The object's mass won't change, though.
24
M Excuse me. Can you help me? I'm new to the area, and I'm looking for State College. Could you tell me the best way to get there?
W Sure. We're here at the Community Center, across the street from the Elementary School. State College is on the other side of the river.
M That's what I thought, but I can't figure out how to get to the other side of the river.
W Well, from here, you have to walk along 5th Avenue for about a block and a half until you get to Grove Street. You'll pass the water plant on your left and River Park on your right.
M Okay, Water plant on the left and River Park on the right.
W Right. Then at the fork, make a left and walk along Grove Street until you get to Dover Bridge. As soon as you cross the river, turn right on River Street. Pay attention because after a block and a half, River Street splits and becomes Oak Street. Stay to the left and walk along Oak Street. Then you can see State College on your left. You can't miss it.
25
W Happy World was having a New Year's Day special. The admission fee has been reduced to $1.50 for children and $4.00 for adults. On January 1st, 2,200 people entered the amusement park, and $5,050 was collected.
26
W Have you ever been to a flea market?
M I don't like them myself. I think people there buy and sell a lot of junk that they should just throw away.
W You found a lot of damaged or broken items there. People just want to sell their old things to get rid of the clutter in their home. But you know what they say, "one person's junk is another person's treasure."
M I guess so. Do you always buy something when you go?
W Not always. I just wander around and wait for something to catch my eye. A lot of the items sold at flea markets are really dirty or chipped, but if you're patient and keep looking, sometimes you end up finding something great.
M Maybe I should go to a flea market again. You make it sound so adventurous.
W You really should. There are some general guidelines to follow, though. First, if you aren't sure, don't buy it. Take your time, and always go lower than you think you should pay.
M Good advice. What's the best thing you ever bought at a flea market?
W I found this really old book of poetry. I wasn't sure whether to buy it or not because the book was a bit grimy and the cover was torn and weathered. But it turns out that the book is over 200 years old!
27
M Numbers can have interesting patterns. Some of the most common patterns are the arithmetic, geometric and Fibonacci number sequences. An arithmetic sequence is made simply by adding some value each time. For example, the sequence can be continued by adding three to the last number each time. Fibonacci numbers are calculated by adding the last two numbers in the sequence together. Geometric sequences are made by multiplying a number by some value each time. So it's made by multiplying the last number by two each time.
28
W There are many different types of spiders that live all over the Earth. They are found in many colors, including black, brown, white, gray, red, yellow, green and orange. Most spiders live for about a year, but the tarantula can live for 15 years. Spiders range in size from barely visible to many inches across. They are arachnids and not insects. They are carnivores; most eat insects, but the larger spiders, like tarantulas, will eat many other small animals. Spiders produce silk in their abdominal glands and use it to make webs, which can be traps for catching prey, shelters, life lines and cocoons. The tips of the spiders' legs are oily; this oil keeps them from getting trapped in their own webs. All spiders have eight legs; each leg has two to three tiny claws at the end. After mating with a male, the female spider produces an egg sac that can contain up to a thousand tiny spider eggs. The egg sac is made of silk, and the color varies from species to species. Tiny spiderlings, or baby spiders, hatch from the eggs. Some spiderlings are on their own and receive no care from their mothers. Other spiders climb onto their mothers' back after hatching, where they feed their babies. In some species, the mother dies when the young are ready to go off on their own, and the spiderlings eat her carcass.
29
Q Which of the following dialogues is NOT appropriate?
① W We have to research and give a presentation on an influential leader of our time. Any ideas?
M I think we should do it on Bill Gates. He's one of the most prominent men now.
② W If you could create a time capsule that you would open 30 years later, what would you put in it?
M I think I will be married with at least two children and several grandchildren.
③ W I've been thinking of studying abroad, in Portugal.
M Then you could really practice your Portuguese.
④ W What kind of food should I serve at the party next Friday?
M Why not just have a potluck and ask guests to each bring a dish?
⑤ W There's going to be a job fair on campus next month, and I think we should go.
M Yeah. Finding the right job is one of the most important decisions in our lives.
30
M This is an easy and important way of helping to save our planet. When we do this, we contribute to the process of remaking items from similar or other items. This not only helps preserve our forests and other resources, but it also reduces the amount of carbon we release into the atmosphere. The reason is that it takes less energy to remake items from other things than to make brand new items, and energy use is a big factor in carbon emissions. This can be done by anyone who is willing to follow a few simple steps. Usually it's necessary to obtain color-coded bags that are specially made for this. The bags are then collected by a company that specializes in this. This has helped solve problems regarding the disposal of items such as cell phones, computers and even refrigerators. In short, this produces nothing but benefits.
Q What does THIS refer to?
① recycling
② volunteering
③ organic farming
④ the environment
⑤ energy conservation
31
W Hi. This is Michelle Baker. I'm the bride-to-be who purchased both an entire bedroom set and a dining room set on Tuesday, three days ago.
M Oh, hello, Ms. Baker. How can I help you?
W Well, I lost my receipt with the attached invoice with delivery dates.
M Then I'll make sure that we get you another copy of the receipt on the first day of delivery.
W Thank you. And, I need to know again when the furniture will be delivered. Could you tell me about it once more over the phone?
M No problem. Most of the bedroom set, which consists of the queen size bed, the dresser, the mirror and the nightstand, will arrive next Monday afternoon at two o'clock. The remaining bedroom furniture, the armoire and chest will have to be delivered separately the following afternoon at the same time.
W Okay. How about the dining room set?
M According to our shipment and delivery schedule, you will receive the table and six chairs in the same shipment as your armoire and chest. The two-piece china, however, will be sent individually and should arrive at your house next Thursday, the 29th at 3:30.
W Thank you for repeating the dates. Please, make sure that the delivery people come on time.
Q When will the table and chairs be delivered?
① The 26th at 2 p.m.
② The 26th at 3:30 p.m.
③ The 27th at 2 p.m.
④ The 27th at 3:30 p.m.
⑤ The 29th at 3:30 p.m.
32
W Smoking in public places should be prohibited. Here are the reasons. Firstly, smoking is harmful for non-smokers as well. Smokers have the right to smoke, but it's not reasonable if that right is harmful to others. Secondhand smoke harms the cardiovascular system of nonsmokers and disturbs the physical and cognitive development in children. Additionally, smoking is a major cause of pollution. Cigarettes contain some 3,900 chemicals. Smoke from cigarettes produces ten times more pollution than that of normal diesel exhaust. So, there are no reasons left to permit smoking in public places. Banning smoking in public places is not just for us, but for this world and everyone who has to live in this world after us. However, it's not enough creating a law to ban smoking in public places. The government must then enforce the ban by punishing those who do not obey the rule. Thus, the offenders will have to pay hefty fines. Afterwards, the Ministry of Health must find the best way to get everyone to stop this smoking habit, and the government also needs to stop the domestic manufacturing and importing of cigarettes. Through these methods, we can become non-smoking and pursue our healthier lives.
Q Which of the following does the woman NOT suggest?
① Smoking should be banned in public areas.
② The government should stop importing cigarettes.
③ People who smoke in public places should be fined.
④ The government should get people to quit smoking.
⑤ Smokers should change their thought that smoking can remove stress.
33-34
M Stem cells offer much hope for medical advancement because of their ability to grow into almost any kind of cell. In the treatment of cancer, for example, cells can be replaced with new healthy stem cells that adapt to the affected area, whether it is part of the brain, heart, liver, lungs or wherever. That's why continued stem cell research is vital.
W I'm with you, Mr. Johnson, about the idea that stem cell research is valuable. However, my concern is the ethics. There are three main sources: adult cells, cord cells and embryonic cells. It's this third source that is considered unethical.
M Does the source really matter? Embryonic stem cells are not humans. They are just cells, and among the three sources, embryonic stem cells are thought by most scientists and researchers to hold the best possibility of cures for diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease and much more. Scientists see almost infinite value in their use of embryonic stem cells.
W While the potential for such benefits are certainly true, we have to remember that the blastocysts being destroyed after the harvesting of the embryonic stem cells are at the beginning of human life. Demolishing the blastocyst is the murder of human life. Life begins at conception, and that destruction of this pre-born life is morally unacceptable.
35-36
M Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies and governments of different nations. The role of the multinational corporation, MNC, is to make a profit. In order to take advantage of new opportunities in foreign markets, MNCs have built foreign factories and established production arrangements with foreign partners. Through these business practices, they have promoted and sustained globalization. When they cut production or shut down operations on foreign soil, economic instability is created. In addition, they influence local customs, values and traditions with Western style materialism. When McDonald's introduced its "customer experience" and its menu, even in modified form, to other cultures, it began to change those cultures. Similarly, when Ford set up an assembly plant in Brazil, it attracted workers from the countryside and changed their economic aspirations. Although globalization has helped poor countries and has let their citizens to develop economically, MNCs in the Western world have benefited at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures and common people. If they are regulated properly to create a balance between MNCs' contribution to the local economies and the economic benefits they receive, MNCs and globalization can help the world economy.
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