[영어로 읽는 과학 교과서] 개와 인간이 같은 감정을 느낀다는 속설, 결국 사실로 확인되다
(원제: Dogs Have Emotions Similar to Humans)
Do you have pets? If so, you must see your pets smile or cry. When people who have no pet experience are told about it, many of them do not really believe it. So, sometimes, pet owners feel frustrated whenever they meet such a person who does not trust their pet story. Recently, one research has been reported to solve their worries—of course, it is science-based.
On October 5, 2013, Gregory Berns, a professor of neuroeconomics at Emory University, published a report on his research on dog emotions with M.R.I. scans for two years in New York Times. According to the report, Berns and his colleagues trained a dozen dogs to go in M.R.I. scanner for some time as they are completely awake and unrestrained. If anesthetizing them as conventional practices, it is impossible to study brain function of them. Their goal has been to determine how dogs’ brains work and what they think of humans.
“My one inescapable co-nclusion is this: dogs are people, too.” Berns said.
Because dogs can not speak, scientists have relied on behavioral observations to infer what dogs are thinking. It is a tricky business. You can’t ask a dog what he does something. And you certainly can’t ask him how he feels. However, by looking directly at their brains and bypassing the constraints of behaviorism, M.R.I.’s can tell us about dogs’ internal state. The research team has studied the dogs for two years in various conditions. As the result, dogs showed brain function when they feel love their owners the same to when humans fe-el love others. Of course, it is not that all. The research showed many other dogs’ brain function feeling emotions similar or almost same to humans’—dogs ha-ve emotions as like human kids.
Now, no one can deny dogs have human emotions such as love, hatred, sadness, happiness, etc. So, remember that you must treat all dogs more carefully. They can be upset, happy, and even sad because of you.
One Stop Summing Up: Vocabs & Expressions
emotion 감정(n) / feel frustrated 좌절감을 느끼다 / trust 신뢰하다, 믿다(v) / recently 최근에 / solve 해결하다(v) / science-based 과학을 토대로 하는 / neuroeconomics신경경제학(n) / Emory University 에머리 대학 / publish 개재하다(v) / M.R.I. scan M.R.I. 검사 / completely 완전히 / awake 깨어있는 / unrestrained 억압되어있지 않은, (신체가) 자유로운 / anesthetize 마취하다(v) / conventional practice 전통적인 방식 / impossible 불가능한 / brain function 뇌 작용 / determine 확인하다(v)/ inescapable 피할 수 없는, 필연적인 / conclusion 결론(n) / rely on ~에 의존하다 / behavioral observation 행동 관찰 / infer 추측하다(v) / tricky 까다로운, 곤란한 /certainly 확실히 / constraint 통제, 제약(n) / behaviorism 행동주의(n) / internal 내적인 / not that all 전부가 아닌 / deny 부인하다(v) / hatred 미움, 증오(n) / treat 다루다
(원제: Dogs Have Emotions Similar to Humans)
Do you have pets? If so, you must see your pets smile or cry. When people who have no pet experience are told about it, many of them do not really believe it. So, sometimes, pet owners feel frustrated whenever they meet such a person who does not trust their pet story. Recently, one research has been reported to solve their worries—of course, it is science-based.
On October 5, 2013, Gregory Berns, a professor of neuroeconomics at Emory University, published a report on his research on dog emotions with M.R.I. scans for two years in New York Times. According to the report, Berns and his colleagues trained a dozen dogs to go in M.R.I. scanner for some time as they are completely awake and unrestrained. If anesthetizing them as conventional practices, it is impossible to study brain function of them. Their goal has been to determine how dogs’ brains work and what they think of humans.
“My one inescapable co-nclusion is this: dogs are people, too.” Berns said.
Because dogs can not speak, scientists have relied on behavioral observations to infer what dogs are thinking. It is a tricky business. You can’t ask a dog what he does something. And you certainly can’t ask him how he feels. However, by looking directly at their brains and bypassing the constraints of behaviorism, M.R.I.’s can tell us about dogs’ internal state. The research team has studied the dogs for two years in various conditions. As the result, dogs showed brain function when they feel love their owners the same to when humans fe-el love others. Of course, it is not that all. The research showed many other dogs’ brain function feeling emotions similar or almost same to humans’—dogs ha-ve emotions as like human kids.
Now, no one can deny dogs have human emotions such as love, hatred, sadness, happiness, etc. So, remember that you must treat all dogs more carefully. They can be upset, happy, and even sad because of you.
One Stop Summing Up: Vocabs & Expressions
emotion 감정(n) / feel frustrated 좌절감을 느끼다 / trust 신뢰하다, 믿다(v) / recently 최근에 / solve 해결하다(v) / science-based 과학을 토대로 하는 / neuroeconomics신경경제학(n) / Emory University 에머리 대학 / publish 개재하다(v) / M.R.I. scan M.R.I. 검사 / completely 완전히 / awake 깨어있는 / unrestrained 억압되어있지 않은, (신체가) 자유로운 / anesthetize 마취하다(v) / conventional practice 전통적인 방식 / impossible 불가능한 / brain function 뇌 작용 / determine 확인하다(v)/ inescapable 피할 수 없는, 필연적인 / conclusion 결론(n) / rely on ~에 의존하다 / behavioral observation 행동 관찰 / infer 추측하다(v) / tricky 까다로운, 곤란한 /certainly 확실히 / constraint 통제, 제약(n) / behaviorism 행동주의(n) / internal 내적인 / not that all 전부가 아닌 / deny 부인하다(v) / hatred 미움, 증오(n) / treat 다루다