1. Reading Comprehension
1.
Documents with the power to attract require more than just a great printer. They require the best ink and paper. That’s why Magic Ink has designed a specially formulated ink to ①『 ensure you get graphics 』 and text that are always clear and sharp. If you want to get the best results out of your printer, ____________________.
(a) make sure you use the best software
(b)remember to use Magic Ink supplies
(c) be sure that you get the best paper
(d) ②『get yours serviced』 at Magic Ink
● ① 『 ensure you get the graphics 』 생략되어 있는 단어는? - that
● ②『get yours serviced』 여기서 yours 는? 그리고 문장해석- your printer- 너의 프린터를 수리하다
2.
It is easy to assume that the atmosphere has an unlimited capacity for our waste products. Its local capacity is often exceeded in large cities, however, and while the demise of the open coal fire has eliminated dense smogs from cities such as London, other cities, where high traffic densities coincide with intense sunlight (Los Angeles and Mexico City, for example),____________________. Increasing road traffic is one reason for a steady increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which will in time lead to a significant warming of the climate.
(a) produce millions of tons of garbage
(b) have acid rain and high skin cancer rates
(c)suffer from smog of a different kind
(d) are protected by the ozone layer
3.
Asian travelers visiting Amsterdam should keep in mind the old adage : ____________________. Two men were recently arrested and charged with using spiked cookies to drug tourists and then steal their wallets. The criminals reportedly preyed mainly on travelers from Asia. When they were finally arrested, police uncovered $8,700 in cash and about 20 cookies.
(a) when it rains, it pours
(b) traveling broadens your mind
(c) when in Rome do as the Romans do
(d)don’t take candy from strangers
4.
Good health depends to a great extent on what kind of food we eat. Refined sugar is a toxic food and should be avoided. A wonderful alternative is real maple syrup. If the only maple syrup you have tasted is the fake stuff in the stores and restaurants, you are missing one of life’s pleasures. I’m here to ____________________ this little-known food.
(a)raise public awareness of
(b) warn against the risks of
(c) explain why restaurants use
(d) persuade you not to eat
5.
If you’re looking for quality, affordable auto insurance, you’re in luck. It is just a phone call away (Yes, we do give price quotes over the phone!). We’re California’s largest independent auto insurance agency. We have been offering California drivers quality insurance at the lowest possible rates for the last 30 years — whether you have a perfect driving record or not. Call us for ____________________ today.
(a) a brand new car
(b)the best quote
(c) an auto rental
(d) a driver’s license
6.
Languages have developed universally throughout the human race. But linguists are as of yet unable to find a "mother" tongue from which all languages were spawned. Indeed the evidence seems to point to languages evolving concurrently at different locations throughout the world. Scholars will probably never be able to discover the origins of languages, as the vast early history of language is unrecorded. ①『Only recently have languages actually been written down.』 Thus, with incomplete evidence, linguists will have to rely upon informed speculation to conjecture about ____________________.
(a) why languages change constantly
(b) why only humans speak languages
(c) how ancient languages disappeared
(d)how the birth of language took place
● ①『Only recently have languages actually been written down.』- 주어와 동사의 위치 구분하기
7.
According to the theory of evolution about 225 million years ago, the continents were joined in a vast super continent called Pangaea. But slowly the continents drifted apart, and animals living on one land mass were separated from those living on another. However, each group of animals continued to change or evolve in isolation from each other, which allowed them to evolve in different ways. This is why today certain animals ____________________.
(a) are on the verge of extinction
(b) keep evolving more rapidly than others
(c) resemble their ancestors in Pangaea
(d)share characteristics across continents
8.
Dear Mr. Brown,
We have not heard from you regarding your long-standing overdue account of $196.05, which has been overdue since May 20. You have been a reliable customer and we would like our business relationship to continue. Once you settle your account, we can continue to offer you our quality merchandise and services. Please let us know if you have any extraordinary circumstances that we should be aware of. Otherwise, we expect ____________________.
Sincerely,
David Martinez, Manager
(a) you to return the merchandise soon
(b) to see you back at work tomorrow
(c) to be sending you our check today
(d)you to settle the account immediately
9.
The mind, in the modern analysis, is a network of associations formed from past experiences. The more we associate an event with something we already know, the more our memory of it will "stick" with us. For me, a car, friends, an orchard, and the beach are all associated with a song. When I hear the song now, I am reminded of past experiences I had while listening to that song. Yet if you listen to the same song, there is no way you will have the same memories as I do, because ____________________ . It can never be associated with events exactly like those in my life.
(a) memory is sometimes faulty
(b)memory involves associations
(c) memory is never what it seems
(d) memory fades with time
10.
In a recently publicized case, a journalist from the Washington Daily News was sentenced to prison indefinitely because he refused to reveal the source for his article on a murder case. The police believe that his source would provide an important key to solving the case. Other journalists and editors rallied in a show of support for the journalist on the weekend by blocking the entrance to the courthouse where he was being held. The journalist in question cited that he had a constitutional right to ____________________ .
(a) defend his own life
(b)protect his sources
(c) claim a fair trial
(d) report what he had heard
11.
Two of the major strands of modern theater are realism and nonrealism. Broadly speaking, all 20th century drama can be put into one or the other of these two categories. In the theater, this separation does not mean that one form, realism, is genuine and true and that the other form, nonrealism, is not. Rather, realism in the theater has a specific connotation. It means that everything that happens on stage ____________________. The way people speak, the way they dress, the way they behave, the kinds of rooms they live in — all of these conform as closely as possible to the way we in the audience speak, dress, and act in daily life.
(a) is done with accurate and precise timing
(b) takes the audience into an illusory world
(c) must represent the highest quality of acting
(d)is made to resemble observable, everyday life
12.
Metaphor is for most people a device of the poetic imagination and the rhetorical flourish — a matter of extraordinary rather than ordinary language. Moreover, metaphor is typically viewed as only having to do with words rather than with thoughts or actions. For this reason, most people think they can get along perfectly well without metaphor. We have found, on the contrary, that metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thoughts and actions as well. Thus our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, ____________________.
(a)is fundamentally metaphorical in nature
(b) plays a central role in defining our lives
(c) is rhetorical in every respect
(d) can dispense with literary metaphors
13.
Feudalism was a system of governing where the upper class served the king in return for the use of land, which they exploited with peasant labor. Early feudalism was developed mainly to allow monarchs to maintain large armies by giving the upper class land in exchange for service. But feudalism began to decline near the end of the 13th century. Modern gun powder and infantry made cavalry troops obsolete, while the upper class began to prefer giving money payments rather than ____________________.
(a) maintaining armies of peasants
(b)serving their lords in military service
(c) giving grain and fruit
(d) being required to work the land
14.
It has been said that a soliloquy is the character speaking his innermost thoughts to the audience. The problem with that definition is that there are characters, especially in Shakespeare’s plays, who speak directly to the audience and lie. Characters like Lady MacBeth, Claudius, Hamlet, and Iago often talk to the audience using language that is filled with bad jokes, puns, double entendres and sexual innuendo. The kinds of soliloquies often display an insincerity on the part of the speaker. These do not appear to be ____________________. In fact, you hear what the character wants you to know, and that may not be the truth.
(a) the kind of soliloquies used in modern times
(b) full of jokes, puns or sexual innuendo
(c) a direct discourse with the audience
(d)the character’s innermost thoughts
15.
Should parents use punishment to suppress their children’s undesirable conduct? Most parents occasionally resort to punishment as a control tactic. Some learning theorists have argued that there is a case to be made for its use, particularly if the prohibited act is something dangerous like playing with matches or probing electrical sockets with metallic objects. ____________________, there are many researchers who believe that punishment is a two-edged sword that may prove counter-productive and even harmful in the long run.
(a) Moreover
(b)Yet
(c) In fact
(d) As a result
16.
The Greek Health Minister recently announced new antismoking measures. He said that the target of the antismoking campaign is threefold: it aims at stopping the spread of smoking to youth and women, helping smokers to stop smoking, and protecting non- smokers from inhaling smoke. Under the new policies, smoking will be banned in all indoor public spaces and in taxis, and, as of October, restaurants and cafes will be required to have special non-smoking sections. ____________________, the minister said that those breaking the law will have to pay fines.
(a) Therefore
(b) However
(c)In addition
(d) Even so
17.
At about age five, your child is ready to use an oral thermometer. First, be sure that she hasn’t had anything hot or cold to eat or drink in the past ten minutes. Help her to place the tip of the thermometer under one side of her tongue, toward the back. Have her hold the thermometer in place with her lips and fingers, and warn her not to bite down. She should keep her mouth closed and breathe through her nose for about three minutes.
Q: What is the best title for this passage?
(a) The Advantage of Using Thermometers for Kids
(b) The Structure and Functions of Oral Thermometers
(c)The Right Way to Use an Oral Thermometer
(d) Home Remedies and the Need for a Thermometer
18.
Harnessing the power of the mind to help heal the body is a concept familiar to practitioners of Eastern medicine. But 『only recently have physicians and researchers in the West begun』 to realize that positive thinking can indeed pull sick people through life- threatening illnesses. It is not that the mind can cure an illness, but the mind does have the capacity to alter certain body functions in healthful ways. Some scientists propose that by gaining a full understanding of the mind’s link to the immune system, they can reveal the full power of the mind and how it influences illness.
Q: What is the best title of this passage?
(a)The Healing Power of Mind
(b) The End of Eastern Medicine
(c) Medication and Body Function
(d) Protecting the Immune System
19.
A ski vacation can be a perfect family getaway. But how do you decide where to go? One criterion is the ages of your children. Ski lessons start at different ages at different resorts. Some mountains have a nursery for infants; others do not. Also, if you have very young children, you might prefer an easy-to-reach resort rather than one requiring a connecting flight or a long drive from the airport. After-ski activities, too, make a difference. Do you want a great nightlife, or is a peaceful spa more your style?
Q: What is this passage about?
(a)Factors to consider in choosing ski resorts
(b) Ski areas favored by the majority of families
(c) Possible activities at family-friendly ski resorts
(d) Resorts convenient for taking beginner ski lessons
20.
This year, the National Park Services marks its 75th anniversary, so why not celebrate by taking the family on a national-park vacation? Take your pick of activities. Learn science and history while hiking, horseback riding, bird and animal watching, river rafting, and even picture taking. Nature walks and evening camp-fire programs are conducted by knowledgeable park rangers and volunteers. Self-guided tours and junior-ranger programs are also available.
Q: What is the passage mainly about?
(a) Doing a lot of activities while on vacation
(b)Enjoying a national park with your family
(c) Involving everyone in family vacations
(d) Planning ahead for your anniversary
21.
New Zealand is located in the southern Pacific Ocean, 2,160 kilometers east of Australia. Comprised of two islands, the North and South islands, and several smaller islands, New Zealand boasts spectacular landscapes from the vast mountain chain of the Southern Alps to volcanoes, fiords, glaciers, lakes, rainforests and extensive grassy plains. This land is so compact that both the North and South Islands can be explored in 10 to 14 days.
Q: What is the passage about?
(a) The ecology of New Zealand
(b) The climate of New Zealand
(c) The scenery of New Zealand
(d)The geography of New Zealand
22.
Ease the morning tempest by getting things in order the night before. Make sure your children have their clothes picked out and bags packed with homework and gym attire. Put bags in a predetermined place where they won’t get lost: on a bookshelf, near the front door or on designated hooks or pegs. Fill lunch boxes with nonperishables and have sandwiches and juice ready to go in the fridge. Discuss breakfast options before bed — not during the a.m. rush hour — or prepare a weekly menu with your kids, and stick to it.
Q: What is the main advice being given in the passage?
(a)How to get organized for the morning rush
(b) How to put everything in order so it does not get lost
(c) How to clean up the mess before you go to bed
(d) How to set up a weekly schedule and follow it
23.
The Well-Being Bicycle Club is looking for new members to join us for our weekly rides. Everyone with a bike is welcome to come out on Sundays and ride with us to a new destination every week. We’re not all pros, so don’t worry about it. Come out and have fun!
Q: How often do the Club members go biking?
(a) Every other day
(b)Once a week
(c) Every other week
(d) Twice a week
24.
Dear Croc Producers,
I love watching your "Crocodile Hunter" on TV. The stories and events of those two great adventurers keep me on the edge of my seat! I think the scariest thing to happen was when Jane lost her footing and almost fell from the cliff. If Steve didn’t have a grip strong enough to save her, we would not be enjoying these great shows any more. Anyway, I will continue to enjoy the adventures of these two, as they travel the world to teach us about nature and animals. Thanks for the great show!
Sincerely,
A Fan from Ohio
Q: What is the main reason the fan enjoys the shows?
(a)It is adventurous and informative.
(b) It is about traveling the world.
(c) It shows the lifestyle of Jane and Steve.
(d) It is about the fan’s favorite animals.
25.
As airport security continues to tighten, the risk of losing one’s personal belongings increases. The newest kind of lost item is the computer laptop. Passengers must now remove their laptops from their cases and place them in plastic bins to go through security checkpoints. While some laptops get left behind, more frequently they are mistakenly taken at the other side of the x-ray machine. Says one frequent traveler, "People just start to crowd up around the tray conveyor and grab what they can when it comes out."
Q: According to the article, how do most people lose their laptops?
(a) Passengers forget to pick them up.
(b) Airport security misplaces them.
(c)People take someone else’s by mistake.
(d) Many laptops get stolen by thieves.
26.
Dear Mr. White,
We regret to inform you that Beach Front Press will not be publishing your manuscript. We have already selected the books we will be printing for the following year. Although we found your manuscript very interesting, we do not publish poetry of that kind. In order to have your work published, I suggest that you send your work to a literary magazine. Once again, thank you for your interest in Beach Front Press.
Sincerely,
Diane Black
Associate Editor
Q: According to the letter, why doesn’t the publisher want to print the manuscript?
(a) The manuscript was too long for publication.
(b) The publisher did not like the manuscript.
(c)The poetry was not suitable for the publisher.
(d) Mr. White did not have a good reputation.
27.
Many factors put youth at risk for juvenile delinquency. Such factors include youth attention and hyperactivity problems, learning disorders, volatile temperament, and even the early onset of puberty and sexual development. Similarly, parental problems, such as depression, substance abuse, and domestic violence can interact negatively with a youth’s developing path of delinquency. These factors do not cause delinquency, but they do place youth at increased risk, intensify their downward spiral, and in turn add to the difficulty in their changing things for the better.
Q: Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
(a) An eating disorder is one of the risk factors of delinquency.
(b)The risk of delinquency is higher for youth with violent parents.
(c) Juvenile delinquency is caused by parents suffering depression.
(d) A parent’s childhood delinquency puts his children at risk for delinquency.
28.
Prosthetics, such as artificial limbs and teeth, are usually reserved for the human world. However, one grateful eagle has now become a member of this club. The eagle was shot with a high-powered rifle while perched on a low branch and lost part of its beak. The eagle could eat, but only small particles with its soft nub. A dentist, using a photograph from National Geographic and a dried beak specimen, fashioned an artificial beak out of orthodontic acrylic, the same material they use for false teeth. The eagle has taken to the artificial beak and now can eat an entire fish.
Q: Which of the following is correct according to the article?
(a) The eagle was shot by the dentist.
(b) The eagle was wounded in its limbs and beak.
(c) The eagle’s new beak was made out of its old beak.
(d)The eagle could not eat big pieces with the damaged beak.
29.
As an experienced skin specialist, Jill Harper combines facial treatments with skin products and uses them in a personalized treatment. Her treatment facility in Laguna Niguel is spacious, clean, and relaxing. Whether it’s to soften your lines and wrinkles, diminish acne and scars, or to improve your skin texture, Jill Harper’s Corrective Skin Care will get results. And, as an acne specialist, she welcomes young adults! Her desire to help will show through your new skin. Call her for an appointment! Jill Harper 949-495-8186.
Q: Which of the following is correct about Jill Harper?
(a) She has an excellent reputation among skin doctors.
(b)She is known for providing individual treatment.
(c) She offers low-cost treatments for teenagers.
(d) She specializes in removing scars.
30.
'Individual' originally meant indivisible. Up to the 17th century it was often used to describe a relationship between several people. A husband and wife, or loyal friends, were called "individual" in the sense that they would never separate. The emergence of notions of individuality, in the modern sense, can be related to the break-up of the medieval order. At this time there was a new stress on one’s personal existence over and above his place in a hierarchical society. There was also a stress on a person’s direct and individual relation to God. Hence the word "individual" came to refer to a single human being.
Q: Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
(a) "Individual" originally referred to one person.
(b) "Individual" in the modern sense presupposes a hierarchical society.
(c)The meaning of "individual" changed as medieval order changed.
(d) "Individual" once described a person’s relationship with God.
31.
These days, the most popular alternative to the traditional baby shower is a "couple’s shower," in which friends invite both parents-to-be for brunch or dinner. As one mother puts it, "If we want our husbands to take an active role in the birth as well as in child rearing, then let’s start at the baby shower." A veteran dad adds, "At our age, it’s basically a big dinner party with food and conversation and some gifts to open. I love it!" And, although traditional items such as receiving blankets are still popular at both kinds of showers, gifts can now range from a postpartum exercise videotape for the expectant mother to a gift certificate for snow-shoveling services.
Q: Which of the following is correct about the "couple’s shower"?
(a) It is fathers who started the new trend.
(b) It usually consists of friends exchanging gifts.
(c)Gifts are more diversified than at a baby shower.
(d) It generally takes place after the birth of a baby.
32.
Eritrea’s history has been one of constant warfare. For 29 years, Eritreans fought for independence from Ethiopia. In 1961, Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie imposed direct personal rule over Eritrea. Eritreans immediately waged war. During the struggle, the people’s remarkable sense of unity and purpose astonished outsiders, and the underground cities they built to avoid indiscriminate Ethiopian bombing marveled the world. Their strife ended in May 1993, with the declaration of official independence from Ethiopia.
Q: Which of the following statement corresponds with the passage?
(a) World powers met the Eritrean struggle with hostility.
(b) The world was astonished by the Ethiopian bombing of Eritreans.
(c)Eritrean independence arrived after nearly thirty years of strife.
(d) Eritrea is still at war with Ethiopia to gain its independence.
33.
Many employees with their feet firmly on the ladder of success have found themselves out on the streets, with their careers in ruin, for not observing certain social conventions. The Manual prepared by the British for newly appointed members of the Indian Civil Service during India’s colonial days has a pithy prescription: "Keep your eyes and ears open, but your mouth shut." Put another way, it is better for young executives to keep to assigned tasks quietly without drawing attention to themselves on any account. In essence the message is: Hold your tongue!
Q: What does the manual suggest employees do?
(a) Build a good relationship with their bosses.
(b) Speak up and share innovative suggestions.
(c)Try not to stand out too much.
(d) Watch out for their colleagues.
34.
Cut the tops off two small milk cartons. Label one carton A and the other B. Fill each to the same level with potting soil. Plant three bean seeds in carton A. Plant 25 seeds in carton B. Place both cartons in a sunny place. Water regularly with the same amount for each carton. Observe both cartons for three weeks. Record any differences between the plants in the two cartons. Why did the plants in carton A grow differently from the plants in carton B?
Q: What would be the purpose of this experiment?
(a)To see the effects of overcrowding
(b) To see how seeds react to the sun
(c) To see if watering changes growth patterns
(d) To see genetic differences in plants
35.
Jane’s parents were delighted at how quickly their three-year-old seemed to bond with her new baby brother. She’d watch him in fascination as he slept and would chatter to him when he was awake. But at the end of the week, when her aunt, who had been helping out, left for home, Jane ran down the driveway after her with her arms flailing. "Wait!" she cried. "You forgot to take your baby!" The arrival of a new sibling is exciting for many children, but three- and four-year-olds often need straightforward, factual explanations of the events to come.
Q: What can be inferred from the passage?
(a) Jane’s parents worked full-time.
(b) Jane was raised by her aunt.
(c)Jane thought her aunt was the baby’s mother.
(d) Jane was intensely jealous of her new brother.
36.
Given its general character, the gangster film is simply another example of movies that tend to be made according to formulaic patterns that can be repeated indefinitely with a reasonable expectation of profit. One gangster film resembles another as one Western resembles another. But this rigidity is not necessarily to the detriment of good art. There have been very successful types of art in the past despite the specific and detailed conventions that were adhered to.
Q: Which of the following is implied about the gangster film?
(a) It has inspired many new film-making techniques.
(b) Its formulaic pattern shows little creativity.
(c)It may be considered an art form despite rigid conventions.
(d) Its profit-making background obscures any real value.
37.
The most respected name in sound is now the most respected name in silence. At Bote, we’ve spent decades researching and developing innovative acoustic technologies, so it’s not surprising our name is associated with high-quality sound. But, you may not know about our proprietary Acoustic Noise Canceling headset technology. It’s currently used by pilots of the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, and civilian airlines around the world. But now, it’s also available to you in our new Quiet Comfort headset. With the click of a button, airplane engine noise and background sounds are virtually eliminated, allowing music, an in-flight movie, or your thoughts to come through loud and clear.
Q: What can be inferred from the advertisement?
(a)The product was previously marketed primarily to pilots.
(b) The headset’s radio waves may interfere with other devices.
(c) The company’s reputation will attract investors.
(d) The technology works best at low oxygen levels.
38.
Insects typically pass through four distinct life stages: egg, larva, nymph or pupa and adult.(a) About one million species of insects have been identified, and there may be as many as ten times that many yet to be discovered. (b) After the insect lays the egg, the embryo within the egg develops, and eventually a larva emerges. (c) There are generally several larval stages, each progressively larger and requiring a molt, or shed of the outer skin, between each stage. (d) In general, neither eggs, pupae, nor adults grow in size; all growth occurs during the larval or nymphal stages.
39.
For the ancient Greeks, the word "ethics" meant "character."(a) Ethics is the name of an international journal of moral, political, and legal philosophy that was founded in 1890. (b) For Aristotle, the study of ethics was the study of excellence or the virtues of character. (c) The word has come to mean the study and practice of the "good life," the kind of life people ought to live. (d) In our time, the concept of ethics includes not only the characteristics of the good person, but also the "best practices" in various professions.
40.
On the surface, the Mafia appears to be in retreat. (a) In the late 1980s hundreds of gangsters were convicted and put behind bars in Italy. (b) In 1992, after the assassination of the bravest and most effective anti-Mafia judges caused revulsion among ordinary Sicilians, the Mafia decided to keep its head down. (c) Yet, the Mafia’s influence is still enormous, and may be growing again, according to some reports.(d) The Godfather, the internationally popular movie series, both glamorizes and criticizes the Mafia.