Summary
1) Palpitations, flushing, arrhythmias, tachycardia, prolonged QRS interval, myocardial infarction and reduced splanchnic blood flow in neonates has been reported with
caffeine use (Somani & Gupta, 1988; Palmer et al, 1995; Donnerstein et al, 1998)(Lane et al, 1999). Increased blood pressure has been found to be a risk associated with
caffeine intake. This risk may be dependent on the amount of
caffeine consumed as well as the type of
caffeine, such as cola or tea (Acevedo & Smith, 1988; Jee et al, 1999).(Winkelmayer et al, 2005).
고용량(하루 250미리; 박카스8~9병)->부정맥 가능
카페인이 고혈압을 유발시킨다는 논란이 있슴-> 설탕들어간 카페인이나 다이어트콜라가 특히 심함.
카페인 상습적 심하게 먹는사람 => 심근경색 가능
태아의 내장기관 혈류량을 감소시킴
3.3.2.A Dermatological finding
1) Summary
a) In a controlled trial (n=85), RASH, DRY SKIN, and SKIN BREAKDOWN were reported in 8.7%, 2.2%, and 2.2%, respectively, of infants treated with caffeine citrate for apnea of prematurity (versus 7.7%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, in placebo-treated patients) (Prod Info Cafcit(R), 2000).
2) Rash, dry skin and skin breakdown have been reported with
caffeine therapy.
피부에 치명적임 -> 여성들 조심하삼~
3.3.3.A Acid-base balance - finding
1) Acidosis has been reported with caffeine use
에혀~~ 체액이 산성화 되는구나~~
3.3.3.C Disorder of glucose regulation
1) Summary
a) Alterations in serum glucose (HYPOGLYCEMIA and HYPERGLYCEMIA) have been observed in some clinical studies involving caffeine (Prod Info Cafcit(R), 2000).
당뇨병 걸리겠구나~~
3.3.3.D Electrolytes abnormal
Summary
Excessive caffeine ingestion resulted in hypokalemia, muscle paralysis, and symptoms consistent with rhabdomyolysis in a 24-year-old pregnant woman (Appel & Myles, 2001).
전해질 작살 나는구나~~
3.3.3.E Endocrine finding
1) Summary
a) In a 3-year, community-based study of 728 postmenopausal women (The Rancho Bernardo Study), increasing caffeine intake was significantly associated with DECREASED BIOAVAILABLE TESTOSTERONE. Within the subgroup of highest caffeine consumption (234 to 880 milligrams/day (mg/day)), significant rises in estrone and sex hormone binding globulin were observed. All associations were adjusted for multiple confounders, including age, alcohol and tobacco use, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, and level of physical activity. The observed effects on sex hormones may explain caffeine's suggested role in disease initiation and prevention, but further studies involving larger populations are needed to confirm! these findings (Ferrini & Barrett-Connor, 1996).
2) Changes in hormone levels have been reported with
caffeine use, including decreases in bioavailable testosterone and increases in estrone and sex hormone binding globulin levels.
테스토스테론 줄어든다네요!!!!!!!!!!! 허거덕~~~~ 불임의 원인이로구나~~~!!!!!!!
3.3.3.F Metabolic finding
1) Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia have been reported with caffeine use. Excessive caffeine ingestion resulted in hypokalemia and muscle paralysis in a pregnant woman.
임신중인 여성은 저칼륨혈증과 근육마비 증상까지 온다네여~~~~~~~
3.3.4.A Gastrointestinal tract finding
1) Summary
a) GASTROINTESTINAL DISTURBANCES have been associated with caffeine use (Gilman et al, 1990a; Somani & Gupta, 1988a). In a controlled trial (n=85), FEEDING INTOLERANCE, NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS, GASTRITIS, and GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE were reported in 8.7%, 4.3%, 2.2%, and 2.2%, respectively, of infants treated with caffeine citrate for apnea of prematurity (versus 5.1%, 2.6%, 0%, and 0%, respectively, in placebo-treated patients) (Prod Info Cafcit(R), 2000).
위장출혈, 위염, 소화불량이야 뭐~~ 당근 기본인거고~~~
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
1) Summary
a) Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was reported in 2.2% and 0% of patients on caffeine, respectively (Prod Info Cafcit(R), 2000).
워매~ 혈전증 생긴다는 거는 뭔소리여!!! 진짜여???????
3.3.8.A Back pain, chronic
1) Summary
a) Patients should be routinely questioned regarding usual caffeine consumption, as heavy use may be associated with chronic back pain. A retrospective case-control study identified that average daily caffeine consumption was significantly higher in 60 patients with chronic back pain (392 milligrams (mg); range 0 to 2550 mg) as compared to 60 matched controls (150 mg); 0 to 905 mg)(p=0.0001). It has further been suggested that excessive caffeine consumption may be indicative of an underlying psychiatric disorder (Sheetz, 1997). Patients with such disorders may self-initiate treatment with caffeine for controlling anxiety and other symptoms, which may instead enhance pain through increased pain awareness. Identification of this link may facilitate appropriate treatment and reduce the incidence of CHRONIC PAIN syndromes (McPartland & Mitchell, 1997).
자꾸 먹으면 허리아프데요!!!!!!!!!
3.3.9.B Headache
1) Summary
a) Headache is the most characteristic symptom of caffeine withdrawal
카페인 끊으면 금단증상으로 두통이 온다네요~~~~~~~~
3.3.9.C Neurological finding
1) Summary
a) Caffeine, in high doses (greater than 250 milligrams/day (mg/day)) can produce central nervous system, (CNS) adverse effects, which include RESTLESSNESS, EXCITEMENT, INSOMNIA, rambling flow of thought, PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION, NERVOUSNESS, IRRITABILITY, TREMULOUSNESS and MUSCLE TWITCHING (Somani & Gupta, 1988a; Gilman et al, 1990a).
b) Caffeine may cause CONVULSIONS in acute or chronic toxicity (Reimann, 1967).
다량복용하면 => 안절부절, 오버액션, 불면, 불안, 동요, 신경질, 짜증이남, 근육떨림, 경련등이 나타남
.3.13.A Diuresis
1) Summary
a) Caffeine may produce diuresis usually with doses greater than 250 milligrams/day (mg/day) (Somani & Gupta, 1988a).
3.3.13.B Kidney disease
1) Renal failure has been reported with caffeine use.
이뇨작용과 신장에 무리가 가는 거는 기본이고....
3.3.14.C Infertility
1) Summary
a) Caffeine consumption has been reported to decrease conception rates; for in vitro fertilization procedures, it may also affect multiple gestations, gestational age, and ability to achieve live birth.
불임의 원인 입니다.
3.3.15.A Respiratory finding
1) Summary
a) DYSPNEA and LUNG EDEMA were each reported in 2.2% of infants treated with caffeine citrate for apnea of prematurity (versus 0% in placebo-treated patients) in a controlled trial (n=85) (Prod Info Cafcit(R), 2000). HYPERVENTILATION and TACHYPNEA have been associated with caffeine use, usually in doses greater than 250 milligrams/day (mg/day) (Somani & Gupta, 1988a).
2) Dyspnea, hyperventilation, tachypnea and lung edema have been reported with
caffeine use.
허파에 무리가 갑니다~
3.3.16.A Summary
1) OTHER EFFECTS
a) Sepsis, vocal fold vibration changes, fibrocystic breast disease and withdrawal symptoms have been reported with caffeine use. It has been suggested that excessive caffeine consumption may be indicative of an underlying psychiatric disorder.
2) OTHER FINDINGS
a) It has been suggested that excessive caffeine consumption may be indicative of an underlying psychiatric disorder. Patients with such disorders may self-initiate treatment with caffeine for controlling anxiety and other symptoms, which may instead enhance pain through increased pain awareness. Identification of this link may facilitate appropriate treatment and reduce the incidence of chronic pain syndromes (Sheetz, 1997).
3.3.16.B Change in voice
1) Summary
a) Irregularities in vocal fold vibration frequencies, possibly demonstrating detrimental effects on voice quality, were observed in 8 healthy subjects at 1 and 2 hours after receiving a single dose of caffeine 250 milligrams (mg). Abnormalities were greatest during free speech, followed by reading, and singing. Analysis of variance revealed that differences were more likely a function of individual differences than a caffeine effect. Larger patient populations are required to fully define the effects of caffeine on vocal function and determine the role of caffeine avoidance in voice disorders (Akhtar, 1999).
목소리 변하고 성대 망가진다고 하네요. 가수들은 카페인 금지 해야 겠습니다~~~
3.3.16.D Withdrawal sign or symptom
1) Summary
a) Withdrawal symptoms have been reported with caffeine use (Lane & Phillips-Bute, 1998; Lane, 1997). The symptoms most commonly reported include headache and lethargy (Silverman et al, 1992; Hughes et al, 1991; Greden et al, 1980; Smith, 1987). The characteristic withdrawal syndrome consists of headache and one or more of these symptoms: marked fatigue or drowsiness, marked anxiety or depression, or nausea or vomiting. Symptoms also associated with caffeine withdrawal include a deterioration in cognitive performance (especially vigilance tasks) and a strong craving for caffeine (APA, 1994). Sudden withdrawal from caffeine- containing beverages to which one has become habituated can result in headache, facial flushing, fatigue, anxiousness, and impaired psychomotor performance that is relieved by caffeine administration (Griffiths & Woodson, 1988). Caffeine withdrawal has an onset of 12 to 24 hours, peaks at 20 to 48 hours, and lasts about 1 week (Griffiths & Woodson, 1988).
커피 끊을때의 대표적 금단증상은 => 두통과 무기력증 입니다.